钙离子探针

BAPTA-AM 是一种钙离子螯合剂，具有细胞渗透性和选择性，可以阻断 hERG、hKv1.3 和 hKv1.5 通道 (IC50=1.3/1.45/1.23 μM)。BAPTA-AM对 Ca2+的亲和力是 Mg2+的 105 倍，可以用于钙在细胞信号传导中的作用。

Fura-2 AM是一种膜渗透的Ca2+(钙离子)指示剂，在细胞内被酯酶esterase转变为Fura-2。Fura-2 AM的荧光发射波长在510 nm左右，在高钙浓度和低钙浓度下分别显示出340和380nm的激发最大值，可以用荧光强度比计算钙离子浓度。

OG 488, SE（Oregon green 488 succinimidyl ester）是一种绿色荧光染料，在生理pH范围内（pH=6-8）对pH不敏感，可用于监测活细胞或微生物的增殖。

Fluo-4 AM是一种细胞可渗透的钙离子（Ca 2+）荧光指示剂/化学探针，适用于荧光成像、流式细胞分析和孔板筛选，激发波长为488nm左右，发射波长为512-520nm。

Calmagite 是络合指示剂，可用于多种样品中的钙和镁的检测。

Alizarin Complexone (Alizarin-3-methyliminodiacetic acid) 是 Rous 相关病毒 2 逆转录酶的抑制剂。 Alizarin Complexone 可用作生物研究的钙示踪剂和螯合剂。

BAPTA tetrapotassium是一种选择性的钙离子螯合剂，还能够抑制phospholipase C的活性,可用于研究细胞内钙稳态、控制细胞毒性和控制金属离子干扰。

Fura-2 potassium salt 是一种常用的紫外光激发性荧光探针，可用于细胞内钙离子成像。

Fura-FF pentapotassium salt 是一种低亲和力的钙荧光染料 (Ex/Em: 365/514 nm, 无钙; 339/507 nm, 高钙)。

Quin-2AM is a fluorescent Ca2+ chelator with a high affinity for calcium.

BTC AM is a cell-permeable acetoxy-methyl ester of BTC . As BTC AM enters cells, it is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterases to produce BTC. BTC is a low affinity calcium indicator (Kd = 7-26 μM) that displays excitation emission spectra of 401 529 nm, respectively. It exhibits a shift in the excitation maximum from approximately 480 to 401 nm upon calcium binding, enabling determination of ratiometric calcium measurements. BTC is suitable for detecting elevated calcium levels associated with activation of smooth muscle, neurons, and intracellular calcium stores.

Fura-2 is a ratiometric fluorescent calcium indicator that can be used to detect calcium in cells. It is a pentacarboxylate that displays excitation maxima of 340 and 380 nm at high and low calcium concentrations, respectively, when the emission is fixed at 510 nm, enabling determination of ratiometric measurements of calcium influx in live cells.

Rhod-FF AM is a cell-permeant acetoxymethyl ester of the fluorescent calcium indicator rhod-FF . As rhod-FF AM enters cells, it is hydrolyzed by intracellular esterases to produce rhod-FF. Rhod-FF is a difluorinated analog of the cell-impermeant calcium indicator rhod-2. It has a very low affinity for calcium (Kd = 320 μM). Low affinity calcium indicators are particularly useful for studying compartments with high concentrations of calcium, such as endoplasmic reticulum, where high affinity dyes will be insensitive to luminal fluctuations. Rhod-FF has excitation emission maxima of approximately 552 and 580 nm, respectively.

Fluo-3 (ammonium salt) is a fluorescent calcium indicator commonly used in flow cytometry and cell-based experiments to detect changes in intracellular calcium levels. [1] Its absorption maximum at 506 nm makes it compatible with excitation at 488 nm by argon-ion laser sources. Fluo-3 provides intense fluorescence upon binding calcium, detected at a maximum emission at 526 nm which can be monitored by FL1 (green, 525 nm band pass) sensors in flow cytometry.

Calcium Green BAPTA-2 AM serves as a fluorescent indicator for calcium ions.

Calcium measurement is critical for numerous biological investigations. Fluorescent probes that show spectral responses upon binding calcium have enabled researchers to investigate changes in intracellular free calcium concentrations by using fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence microplate readers. Fluo-3 and Fluo-4 are most commonly used among the visible light-excitable calcium indicators. Fluo-4, pentaammonium salt is an analog of fluo-3 with the two chlorine substituents replaced by fluorines, which results in increased fluorescence excitation at 488 nm and consequently higher fluorescence signal levels.

PAO-Nap is a chemically modified version of PAO, in which a naphthalimide fluorophore is attached to the compound using a linker called aminocaproic acid. This modified compound, PAO-Nap, exhibits a selective targeting of thioredoxin reductase, leading to the induction of apoptosis in HL-60 cells through oxidative stress mechanisms[1].

Fluo-8,AM is one of the most commonly used fluorescent probes to detect intracellular calcium concentration.Fluo-8, which penetrates the cell membrane and enters the cell, is cut by the intracellular esterase to form fluO-8, and thus is trapped in the cel

Coelenterazine hcp is a synthetic bioluminescent luciferin that displays an emission maximum of 445 nm.1It has been used as a calcium indicator and substrate to quantifyRenillaluciferase activity.1,2,3 1.Sabnis, R.W.Handbook of biological dyes and stains: Synthesis and industrial applications(2010) 2.Shimomura, O., Kishi, Y., and Inouye, S.The relative rate of aequorin regeneration from apoaequorin and coelenterazine analoguesBiochemistry Journal296(Pt 3)549-551(1993) 3.Pichler, A., Prior, J.L., and Piwnica-Worms, D.Imaging reversal of multidrug resistance in living mice with bioluminescence: MDR1 P-glycoprotein transports coelenterazineProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA.101(6)1702-1707(2004)

Calcium measurement is critical for numerous biological investigations. Fluorescent probes that show spectral responses upon binding calcium have enabled researchers to investigate changes in intracellular free calcium concentrations by using fluorescence microscopy, flow cytometry, fluorescence spectroscopy and fluorescence microplate readers. Fluo-3 and Fluo-4 are most commonly used among the visible light-excitable calcium indicators. Fluo-4, pentasodium salt is an analog of fluo-3 with the two chlorine substituents replaced by fluorines, which results in increased fluorescence excitation at 488 nm and consequently higher fluorescence signal levels.

Rhod-FF is a difluorinated analog of the cell-impermeant calcium indicator rhod-2. It has a very low affinity for calcium (Kd = 320 μM). Low affinity calcium indicators are particularly useful for studying compartments with high concentrations of calcium, such as endoplasmic reticulum, where high affinity dyes will be insensitive to luminal fluctuations. Rhod-FF has excitation emission maxima of approximately 552 and 580 nm, respectively.

Indo-1 (sodium salt) is a ratiometric fluorescent calcium indicator. It is ideal for analyses using flow cytometry, as it uses a single excitation source, typically 349-364 nm light from an argon-ion laser. The emission maximum shifts from 475-485 nm without calcium to 400-410 nm when Indo-1 (sodium salt) binds calcium. Indo-1 (sodium salt) is prone to photobleaching, which limits its usefulness in methods involving microscopy.

FURA-PE3 AM 为一款防漏型荧光钙离子指示剂染料。

Arsenazo III is a dye used to detect micromolar concentrations of ionized Ca2+ and for determining thorium, zirconium, uranium, and rare earth elements [1] [2].