Acyl-CoA oxidase (ACX) is a well-defined enzymatic protein that catalyzes the oxidation of fatty acyl-CoA substrates to 2-trans-enoyl-CoA intermediates, serving as a rate-limiting and essential step in the biosynthesis of jasmonic acid (JA), Acyl-CoA oxidase is particularly significant in model organisms such as Arabidopsis thaliana, Acyl-CoA oxidase contributes to lipid metabolism, stress signaling pathways, and the regulation of plant growth and defense responses.