farnesoid

Obeticholic Acid (6-ECDCA，INT-747 )是一种高亲和力、半合成、胆汁酸衍生的 FXR 激动剂，EC50为 99 nM,且能够上调 IκB-α、KLF-2 和 KLF-4 表达。Obeticholic Acid (6-ECDCA，INT-747 )还显示出其治疗肝脂肪变性、炎症和纤维化的潜力，同时增加胰岛素敏感性。

Vidofludimus (SC12267) 是一种新型的二氢乳清酸脱氢酶 (DHODH) 小分子抑制剂，可在不影响淋巴细胞增殖的条件下抑制IL-17的分泌。

INT-767 是一种高效的法尼类固醇 X 受体 (FXR) TGR5 双激动剂，可预防 NASH 并促进内脏脂肪棕色脂肪生成和线粒体功能，可用于研究非酒精性脂肪性肝炎。

Fexaramine 是小分子法尼醇 X 受体 (FXR) 激动剂，EC50为 25 nM，与天然化合物相比，亲和力提高了 100 倍。

GW 4064 是一种有效的法尼醇 X 受体 (FXR) 激动剂，EC50为 65 nM。

Gly-β-MCA 是一种具有口服生物活性、肠道选择性和有效的法尼酯X受体 (FXR) 抑制剂，是一种胆汁酸，可用于研究肥胖和糖尿病。

Glyco-obeticholic acid 是一种牛磺酸的特性代谢物。Obeticholic Acid 是口服具有活性的法尼样 X 受体激动剂。

Tauro-Obeticholic acid 是一种牛磺酸的特性代谢物。Obeticholic Acid 是口服具有活性的法尼样 X 受体激动剂。

Tauro-β-muricholic Acid sodium is a endogenous metabolite, is a competitive and reversible antagonist of farnesoid X receptor (FXR)(IC50 of 40 μM).

Lecufexor 作为一种法呢醇 X 受体 (FXR) 激动剂。

HPG1860, 作为法尼酮X受体(FXR)的激动剂，在使用表达人类FXR的HEK293T细胞的报告基因检测中能引发发光（EC50 = 18 nM）。动物体内实验显示，HPG1860（每天1、3、或10 mg kg）可以减少非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）小鼠模型的血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和总胆固醇水平，该小鼠模型是通过高脂饮食和四氯化碳（CCl4）诱导的。此化合物还能降低肝部的炎症、脂肪积累及纤维化。

LZ-007 是一种法呢醇 X 受体 (FXR) 激动剂，TR-FRET 测定其 EC50 为 51 nM，在 HepG2 细胞中的 FXR 作用 EC50 为 76 nM。LZ-007 在 SD 大鼠中显示出优良的药代动力学特性，并能改善由高脂饮食和 CCl4 诱导的小鼠代谢功能障碍相关的脂肪性肝炎。

Fexaramate is a potent, selective agonist of farnesoid X receptor.

Fexarine is a potent, selective agonist of farnesoid X receptor.

GSK-8062 is an agonist of farnesoid X receptor (FXR).

Hyodeoxycholic acid sodium salt is a natural secondary bile acid. It improves high-density lipoprotein function, reduces farnesoid X receptor antagonist bile acids, and induces strong cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and IL-8 synthesis.

Bile acids are essential for solubilization and transport of dietary lipids, are the major products of cholesterol catabolism, and are physiological ligands for farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor that regulates genes involved in lipid metabolism.1They are also inherently cytotoxic, as physiological imbalance contributes to increased oxidative stress.2,3Bile acid-controlled signaling pathways are promising novel targets to treat such metabolic diseases as obesity, type II diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis.Guggulsterone, derived from resin of the guggul tree, is a competitive antagonist of FXR bothin vitroandin vivo.4Thecisstereoisomer of guggulsterone, (E)-guggulsterone, decreases chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA)-induced FXR activation with an IC50value of 15 μM.5,6By inhibiting CDCA-induced transactivation of FXR, guggulsterone lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels in rodents fed a high cholesterol diet.4 1.Makishima, M., Okamoto, A.Y., Repa, J.J., et al.Identification of a nuclear receptor for bile acidsScience2841362-1365(1999) 2.Barbier, O., Torra, I.P., Sirvent, A., et al.FXR induces the UGT2B4 enzyme in hepatocytes: A potential mechanism of negative feedback control of FXR activityGastroenterology1241926-1940(2003) 3.Tan, K.P., Yang, M., and Ito, S.Activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-2 like) factor 2 by toxic bile acids provokes adaptive defense responses to enhance cell survival at the emergence of oxidative stressMol. Pharmacol.72(5)1380-1390(2007) 4.Urizar, N.L., Liverman, A.B., Dodds, D.T., et al.A natural product that lowers cholesterol as an anatagonist ligand for FXRScience296(5573)1703-1706(2002) 5.Cui, J., Huang, L., Zhao, A., et al.Guggulsterone is a farnesoid X receptor antagonist in coactivator association assays but acts to enhance transcription of bile salt export pumpThe Journal of Biological Chemisty278(12)10214-10220(2003) 6.Wu, J., Xia, C., Meier, J., et al.The hypolipidemic natural product guggulsterone acts as an antagonist of the bile acid receptorMolecular Endocrinology16(7)1590-1597(2002)

CAY10771 is a dual agonist of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ).1It activates FXR and PPARδ in reporter assays using HEK293T cells (EC50s = 0.94 and 1.5 μM, respectively) and is selective for these receptors over retinoic acid receptor α (RARα), retinoid X receptor α (RXRα), PPARα, PPARγ, and liver X receptor α (LXRα) at 10 μM. 1.Schierle, S., Neumann, S., Heitel, P., et al.Design and structural optimization of dual FXR/PPARδ activatorsJ. Med. Chem.63(15)8369-8379(2020)

Tauro-α-muricholic acid (TαMCA) is an antagonist of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR; IC50 = 28 μM) and a taurine-conjugated form of the murine-specific primary bile acid α-muricholic acid . TαMCA is common in rodents but has also been found in small amounts in human serum.

Androsterone 是睾酮的代谢产物，可以激活法尼醇 X 受体。

Cilofexor, also known as GS-9674, is a farnesoid X receptor (FXR) agonist. The nonsteroidal FXR agonist cilofexor (GS-9674) improves markers of cholestasis and liver injury in patients with PSC. In clinical study, cilofexor was well tolerated and led to significant improvements in liver biochemistries and markers of cholestasis in patients with PSC.

Vidofludimus (4sc-101 ; SC12267) hemicalcium 是一种口服有效的二氢乳清酸脱氢酶 (DHODH) 的抑制剂，也是法尼醇 X 受体 (FXR) 调节剂。Vidofludimus hemicalcium 作为一种免疫调节剂，可用于研究自身免疫性疾病，如炎症性肠病 (IBD)。Vidofludimus hemicalcium 还可通过靶向FXR 用于脂肪肝的研究。

EDP-305是一种具有选择性的口服farnesoid X受体(FXR)激动剂，其EC50值分别为34 nM(CHO细胞嵌合性FXR)和8 nM(HEK细胞全长FXR)。该化合物展现了强大且持久的抗纤维化效果，并适用于原发性胆道胆管炎(PBC)与非酒精性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)的研究。

Cilofexor 是一种法尼醇 X 受体激动剂，EC50为 43 nM。它抑制合成肽的结合，具有抗炎和抗纤维化作用。它可用于原发性硬化性胆管炎和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的研究。