Hyodeoxycholic acid sodium salt is a natural secondary bile acid. It improves high-density lipoprotein function, reduces farnesoid X receptor antagonist bile acids, and induces strong cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and IL-8 synthesis.
CAY10771 is a dual agonist of farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor δ (PPARδ).1It activates FXR and PPARδ in reporter assays using HEK293T cells (EC50s = 0.94 and 1.5 μM, respectively) and is selective for these receptors over retinoic acid receptor α (RARα), retinoid X receptor α (RXRα), PPARα, PPARγ, and liver X receptor α (LXRα) at 10 μM.
1.Schierle, S., Neumann, S., Heitel, P., et al.Design and structural optimization of dual FXR/PPARδ activatorsJ. Med. Chem.63(15)8369-8379(2020)
Tauro-α-muricholic acid (TαMCA) is an antagonist of the farnesoid X receptor (FXR; IC50 = 28 μM) and a taurine-conjugated form of the murine-specific primary bile acid α-muricholic acid . TαMCA is common in rodents but has also been found in small amounts in human serum.