cardiac arrhythmias

(R)-Propranolol hydrochloride (Dexpropranolol hydrochloride) 是一种抗肾上腺素受体拮抗剂，是一种普萘洛尔的活性较低的对映体。Dexpropranolol 是一种非选择性的β-adrenergic receptor 拮抗剂，对 β1AR 和 β2AR 具有高亲和力。

E 0747 (E0747) 是一种新的抗心律失常化合物，通过抑制心脏细胞的Na通道来抑制心律失常。

SB-237376 HCl (SB-237376 hydrochloride) 是一种钙和钾通道拮抗剂，可用于治疗心律失常。

UK 66914 是一种 K（+）通道阻断剂，可用于研究心律失常。

Isbogrel (CV4151)是一种小分子血栓素A2合成酶(TXA2 synthase)抑制剂，可用来研究心律失常、短暂性脑缺血发作和血栓形成。

Tolamolol 是一种选择性 β肾上腺素能阻滞剂，能显著降低运动诱导的S-T段抑制程度，可用于治疗心律失常。

SB-237376 是一种钙和钾通道拮抗剂，可用于治疗心律失常。

Levosemotiadil（SA 3212） 是一种新型钙拮抗剂，是一种非常有效的低密度脂蛋白氧化抑制剂。Levosemotiadil 可用于预防致死性心律失常。

Cesium chloride (CsCl) 是一种钾通道抑制剂，可以防止 Alloxan 引起的 Na+转运减少。Cesium chloride 可以诱发心律失常。

O-Desmethyl Quinidine 是一种新型的奎尼丁类似物，具有显着的抗心律失常活性和较低的急性毒性，可能有助于治疗心律失常。

Acebutolol hydrochloride (Acebutolol HCl) 是一种 β-肾上腺素受体拮抗剂，用于研究高血压、心绞痛和心律失常。

Eleclazine hydrochloride (GS 6615 hydrochloride) 是新型 Na+电流抑制剂，IC50是0.7 uM。

Xamoterol hemifumarate 是一种具有强效性和选择性的β1-肾上腺素受体激动剂。Xamoterol hemifumarate 是研究心律失常和 β1-肾上腺素能刺激与 IKr 之间关系的潜在化合物。

Deslanoside (Desacetyllanatoside C) 是一种快速作用的强心苷，可抑制Na-K-ATPase 膜泵，导致细胞内钠和钙浓度增加。它用于研究充血性心力衰竭和因折返机制引起的室上性心律失常，并在研究慢性心房颤动时控制心室率。

Eleclazine, also known as GS-6615, is a selective late sodium current inhibitor. Eleclazine is potentially useful for treatment of coronary vasodilators, antiarrhythmics and vasodilators. Eleclazin showed a shortening of the QTc interval (the time interval between the start of the Q-wave and end of the T-wave in the heart’s electrical cycle) in patients with long QT-3 (LQT3) syndrome. LQT3 is a genetic disorder that prolongs the heart’s QTc interval and can cause life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias (abnormal heartbeats).

EMD 53998 是一种心脏正性肌力剂，通过抑制磷酸二酯酶 III (PDE III) 和作为钙增敏剂，来增强心肌收缩力。它不仅提高心肌的收缩能力，还能降低能量消耗和诱发心律失常的风险。

1'-Hydroxy bufuralol 是一种 bufuralol 代谢物，是一种具有口服活性的 β-肾上腺素受体阻断剂，可用于研究高血压和心律失常。

Ethacizine hydrochloride (NIK-244) 具有抗心律失常活性，其作用于心脏活动有关，可用于研究心律失常和心肌梗死。

Ersentilide, 作为一种β1-肾上腺素能受体拮抗剂和Ikr阻断剂，属于苯甲酰胺衍生物。它对心律失常动物模型表现出显著疗效。

Clamikalant sodium (HMR 1098) 是 ATP 依赖性钾通道 （KATP) 的心脏选择性阻断剂，可用于研究心律失常。

Edrophonium is a rapid-onset, short-acting cholinesterase inhibitor used in cardiac arrhythmias and in the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis. It has also been used as an antidote to curare principles.

Acebutolol D7 is a deuterium-labeled Acebutolol. Acebutolol is a selective antagonist of the β1 adrenergic receptor used in the treatment of angina pectoris, hypertension, and cardiac arrhythmias.

Ru360, an oxygen-bridged dinuclear ruthenium amine complex, is a selective mitochondrial calcium uptake inhibitor. Ru360 potently inhibits Ca2+ uptake into mitochondria with an IC50 of 0.184 nM. Ru360 binds to mitochondria with high affinity (Kd of 0.34 nM). Ru360 has antiarrhythmic and cardioprotective effects[1][2]. Ru360 permeates slowly into the cell, and specifically inhibits mitochondrial calcium uptake in intact cardiomyocytes and in isolated heart. 1 μm Ru360 is taken up by myocardial cells and accumulated in the cytosol in a biphasic manner[1]. During pelleting hypoxia, Ru360 (10 µM) significantly improves cell viability in wild type cardiomyocytes[3]. Ru360 (15-50 nmol/kg) treatment abolishes the incidence of arrhythmias and haemodynamic dysfunction elicited by reperfusion in a whole rat model. Ru360 administration partially inhibits calcium uptake, preventing mitochondria from depolarization by the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP)[1]. [1]. G de J García-Rivas, et al. Ru360, a Specific Mitochondrial Calcium Uptake Inhibitor, Improves Cardiac Post-Ischaemic Functional Recovery in Rats in Vivo. Br J Pharmacol. 2006 Dec;149(7):829-37. [2]. M A Matlib, et al. Oxygen-bridged Dinuclear Ruthenium Amine Complex Specifically Inhibits Ca2+ Uptake Into Mitochondria in Vitro and in Situ in Single Cardiac Myocytes. J Biol Chem. 1998 Apr 24;273(17):10223-31. [3]. Lukas J Motloch, et al. UCP2 Modulates Cardioprotective Effects of Ru360 in Isolated Cardiomyocytes During Ischemia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2015 Aug 4;8(3):474-82.

Nafazatrom is a pyrazolinone derivative and lipoxygenase inhibitor that increases endogenous prostacyclin (PGI2) and has experimental anticancer activity. Nafazatrom is also an antithrombotic drug that increases prostacyclin levels and reduces the inciden