Chaetoglobosin E is a ferroptosis inducer exhibiting significant cytotoxicity against the human tumor cell lines MDA-MB231 and A549, with IC50 values of 9.14 μM and 7.47 μM, respectively. It induces ferroptosis by downregulating GPX4 expression in A549 cells, leading to increased intracellular levels of Fe2+ (iron ions) and the lipid peroxidation product malondialdehyde (MDA), resulting in mitochondrial shrinkage and reduced or absent cristae. Chaetoglobosin E is applicable in cancer research.