Potent and selective p38α and p38β degrader (DC50 < 50 nM). Displays no significant degradation of p38γ, p38δ, JNK1/2 or ERK1/2. Inhibits phosphorylation of MK2 in UV-treated cancer cells and LPS-stimulated bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM). Exhibits similar effect to p38α gene knockout in BBL358 cells. Active in vivo.
GLP-1 amide is a peptide hormone cleaved from proglucagon in the pancreas.1,2 Mice lacking the glucagon receptor (Gcgr-/-) have approximately nine-fold higher levels of total GLP-1 amide, including GLP-1 (1-36) amide and truncated GLP-1 (7-36) amide , in pancreatic tissue compared to wild-type mice.2References1. Schjoldager, B.T., Mortensen, P.E., Christiansen, J., et al. GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1) and truncated GLP-1, fragments of human proglucagon, inhibit gastric acid secretion in humans. Dig. Dis. Sci. 34(5), 703-708 (1989).2. Gelling, R.W., Du, X.Q., Dichmann, D.S., et al. Lower blood glucose, hyperglucagonemia, and pancreatic α cell hyperplasia in glucagon receptor knockout mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100(3), 1438-1443 (2003).
GLP-1 amide is a peptide hormone cleaved from proglucagon in the pancreas.1,2 Mice lacking the glucagon receptor (Gcgr-/-) have approximately nine-fold higher levels of total GLP-1 amide, including GLP-1 (1-36) amide and truncated GLP-1 (7-36) amide , in pancreatic tissue compared to wild-type mice.2
References1. Schjoldager, B.T., Mortensen, P.E., Christiansen, J., et al. GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide 1) and truncated GLP-1, fragments of human proglucagon, inhibit gastric acid secretion in humans. Dig. Dis. Sci. 34(5), 703-708 (1989).2. Gelling, R.W., Du, X.Q., Dichmann, D.S., et al. Lower blood glucose, hyperglucagonemia, and pancreatic α cell hyperplasia in glucagon receptor knockout mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100(3), 1438-1443 (2003).
CAY10748 is an agonist of stimulator of interferon genes (STING; IC50= 0.3794 μM in a competition binding assay).1It activates STING in STING-expressing, but not STING knockout, THP-1 cells (EC50s = 0.287 and >100 μM, respectively, in a reporter assay). It induces phosphorylation of STING at the serine in position 366, as well as phosphorylation of TBK1 and IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), indicating activation of the STING-TBK1-IRF3 signaling pathway. CAY10748 increases the secretion of IFN-β and the levels of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10), and IL-6 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) when used at a concentration of 10 μM. It also reduces tumor growth in a CT26 murine colon cancer model when administered at a dose of 0.15, but not 1.5, mg/kg.
1.Xi, Q., Wang, M., Jia, W., et al.Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of amidobenzimidazole derivatives as stimulator of interferon genes (STING) receptor agonistsJ. Med. Chem.63(1)260-282(2019)
Deltorphin II is a peptide agonist of δ2-opioid receptors.1,2It is selective for δ-opioid receptors over μ- and κ-opioid receptors in radioligand bindings assays (Kis = 0.0033, >1, and >1 μM, respectively) and induces [35S]GTPγS binding in mouse brain membrane preparations (EC50= 0.034 μM). Deltorphin II (0.12 mg/kg) decreases the infarction zone:risk zone ratio in a rat model of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by coronary occlusion, an effect that can be reversed by the δ2-opioid receptor antagonist naltriben but not the δ1-opioid receptor antagonist BNTX.3Intrathecal administration of deltorphin II (15 μg/animal) increases latency to withdraw in the paw pressure and tail-flick tests in rats.4
1.Raynor, K., Kong, H., Chen, Y., et al.Pharmacological characterization of the cloned κ-, δ-, and μ-opioid receptorsMol. Pharm.45(2)330-334(1994) 2.Scherrer, G., Befort, K., Contet, C., et al.The delta agonists DPDPE and deltorphin II recruit predominantly mu receptors to produce thermal analgesia: A parallel study of mu, delta and combinatorial opioid receptor knockout miceEur. J. Neurosci.19(8)2239-2248(2004) 3.Maslov, L.N., Barzakh, E.I., Krylatov, A.V., et al.Opioid peptide deltorphin II simulates the cardioprotective effect of ischemic preconditioning: role of δ2-opioid receptors, protein kinase C, and KATP channelsBull. Exp. Biol. Med.149(5)591-593(2010) 4.Labuz, D., Toth, G., Machelska, H., et al.Antinociceptive effects of isoleucine derivatives of deltorphin I and deltorphin II in rat spinal cord: A search for selectivity of delta receptor subtypesNeuropeptides32(6)511-517(1998)
Dynamin-related GTPase DRP1 partial inhibitor (IC50 = 1.2 μM). Selective for DRP1 over other dynamin-related GTPases, OPA1 and DYN1. Increases mitochondrial DNA levels in mfn1- knockout MEFs deficient in mitochondrial fusion.
Mallat et al (2018) Discovery and characterization of selective small molecule inhibitors of the mammalian mitochondrial division dynamin, DRP1. Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun. 499 556 PMID:29601815
Potent and selective orexin OX2 receptor agonist (EC50 = 28 nM at human OX2 expressed in CHO cells). Displays approximately 100-fold selectivity for OX2 over OX1 (EC50 = 2.75 μM at human OX1 expressed in CHO cells). Depolarizes OX2-expressing histaminergic neurons in mouse brain slices. Increases wake time in wild type mice. Suppresses cataplexy-like symptoms in OX knockout mice.
Nagahara et al (2015) Design and synthesis of non-peptide, selective orexin receptor 2 agonists. J.Med.Chem. 58 7931 PMID:26267383 |Irukayama-Tomobe et al (2017) Nonpeptide orexin type-2 receptor agonist ameliorates narcolepsy-cataplexy symptoms in mouse models. Proc.Natl.Acad.Sci.USA. 144 5731 PMID:28507129