(a)-kainic acid

(-)-(α)-Kainic Acid (hydrate) 是一种有效的兴奋性毒性剂，作为离子型谷氨酸受体亚型的激动剂，可诱发癫痫发作，常用于构建癫痫发作动物模型。

Generates large inward currents at resting membrane potential

Kainic acid是 一种兴奋性氨基酸受体激动剂 (EC50=16.2 μM)。Kainic acid 是一种有效的兴奋性毒性剂。Kainic acid 诱发癫痫发作。

Domoic acid is a kainic acid analog.

Aspalatone is an anti-platelet aggregator (IC50 = 180 μM, in vitro) that prolongs bleeding time significantly in a rodent model of thromboembolism. Additionally at a minimal effective dose of 24 mg/kg, aspalatone generates antioxidant and neuroprotective effects against kainic acid-induced epilepsy in rat hippocampus.

(RS)-AMPA ((±)-AMPA) monohydrate 是谷氨酸的一种类似物，对兴奋性神经递质 L-谷氨酸 (L-glutamic acid) 有激动作用。(RS)-AMPA monohydrate 不会干扰海藻酸或 NMDA 受体的结合位点。

Neuronotoxicity-IN-1 是一种吡啶并噻嗪衍生物。Neuronotoxicity-IN-1 具有神经保护活性，是红藻氨酸神经毒性的抑制剂。

3-ATA is a selective cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (Cdk4) inhibitor, attenuating kainic acid-induced apoptosis in neurons.

Neuroprotectin B 是一种环肽，能够保护鸡脑神经元培养物免受谷氨酸和红藻酸盐诱导的兴奋性毒性。

Neuroprotectin A (Complestatin A) 是一种环肽，能够保护鸡脑神经元培养物免受谷氨酸和红藻酸盐诱发的兴奋性毒性的损害。