a-d-glucose-1-phosphate

α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate sodium hydrate (Glucose-1-phosphate sodium hydrate) 是糖原代谢的中间体，是 UDP-葡萄糖生物合成的前体。

α-D-Glucose 1-phosphate disodium salt hydrate 是合成葡萄糖醛酸的起始原料。它可用作心脏病研究所必需的细胞抑制剂、抗生素、免疫抑制剂和循环系统研究材料。

α-D-Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate is abis-phosphorylated derivative of α-D-glucose that has roles in carbohydrate metabolism.1It is the product of the reaction of glucose-1- or 6-phosphate with glucose-1,6-bisphosphate synthase (PGM2LI) in the conversion of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate.2It is also a cofactor for the bacterial enzyme phosphopentomutase.3,4α-D-Glucose-1,6-bisphosphate has been used in the study of carbohydrate metabolism. 1.Beitner, R.Regulation of carbohydrate metabolism by glucose 1,6-bisphosphate in extrahepatic tissues; comparison with fructose 2,6-bisphosphateInt. J. Biochem.22(6)553-557(1990) 2.Maliekal, P., Sokolova, T., Vertommen, D., et al.Molecular identification of mammalian phosphopentomutase and glucose-1,6-bisphosphate synthase, two members of the α-D-phosphohexomutase familyJ. Biol. Chem.282(44)31844-31851(2007) 3.Moustafa, H.M.A., Zaghloul, T.I., and Zhang, Y.-H.P.A simple assay for determining activities of phosphopentomutase from a hyperthermophilic bacterium Thermotoga maritimaAnal. Biochem.50175-81(2016) 4.Panosian, T.D., Nannemann, D.P., Watkins, G.R., et al.Bacillus cereus phosphopentomutase is an alkaline phosphatase family member that exhibits an altered entry point into the catalytic cycleJ. Biol. Chem.286(10)8043-8054(2011)

2-deoxy-D-Glucose-13C6is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 2-deoxy-D-glucose by GC- or LC-MS. 2-deoxy-D-Glucose is a glucose antimetabolite and an inhibitor of glycolysis.1,2It inhibits hexokinase, the enzyme that converts glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, as well as phosphoglucose isomerase, the enzyme that converts glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate.32-deoxy-D-Glucose (16 mM) induces apoptosis in SK-BR-3 cells, as well as inhibits the growth of 143B osteosarcoma cells cultured under hypoxic conditions when used at a concentration of 2 mg ml.4,5In vivo, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (500 mg kg) reduces tumor growth in 143B osteosarcoma and MV522 non-small cell lung cancer mouse xenograft models when used alone or in combination with doxorubicin or paclitaxel .6 1.Kang, H.T., and Hwang, E.S.2-Deoxyglucose: An anticancer and antiviral therapeutic, but not any more a low glucose mimeticLife Sci.78(12)1392-1399(2006) 2.Aft, R.L., Zhang, F.W., and Gius, D.Evaluation of 2-deoxy-D-glucose as a chemotherapeutic agent: Mechanism of cell deathBr. J. Cancer87(7)805-812(2002) 3.Ralser, M., Wamelink, M.M., Struys, E.A., et al.A catabolic block does not sufficiently explain how 2-deoxy-D-glucose inhibits cell growthProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA105(46)17807-17811(2008) 4.Liu, H., Savaraj, N., Priebe, W., et al.Hypoxia increases tumor cell sensitivity to glycolytic inhibitors: A strategy for solid tumor therapy (Model C)Biochem. Pharmacol.64(12)1745-1751(2002) 5.Zhang, X.D., Deslandes, E., Villedieu, M., et al.Effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on various malignant cell lines in vitroAnticancer Res.26(5A)3561-3566(2006) 6.Maschek, G., Savaraj, N., Priebe, W., et al.2-deoxy-D-glucose increases the efficacy of adriamycin and paclitaxel in human osteosarcoma and non-small cell lung cancers in vivoCancer Res.64(1)31-34(2004)

D-Fructose 1-phosphate disodium salt 是果糖的衍生物。它是葡萄糖代谢的重要中间体。

α-D-Glucose-1-phosphate disodium hydrate 为合成葡萄糖醛酸的初始原料之一，同时，在心脏病研究领域，亦被广泛应用作为细胞抑制剂、抗生素、免疫抑制剂与循环系统研究的关键材料。

Maltose phosphorylase（麦芽糖磷酸化酶）是一种二聚体酶，参与淀粉和蔗糖的代谢，催化麦芽糖和无机磷酸盐转化为β- d -葡萄糖-1-磷酸和葡萄糖而不需要任何辅助因子。

Sucrose phosphorylase 是一种bacterium转葡萄糖苷酶，专门催化蔗糖与磷酸盐反应形成 α-D-葡萄糖-1-磷酸和 D-果糖。此外，该酶通过glucosylation作用可以水解产生 α-D-葡萄糖或将glucosyl group转移至目标hydroxyl group，进而合成新的 α-D-葡萄糖苷。它对底物与产物的hydrolase活性表现出较弱的反应性。

α-D-Glucose 1-phosphate (dipotassium) 是一种用于糖生物学研究的生化试剂。糖生物学探索糖的结构、合成、生物学及进化过程，涉及碳水化合物化学、聚糖的形成和降解酶学、蛋白质-聚糖识别，以及聚糖在生物系统中的作用。此领域与基础研究、生物医学和生物技术密切相关。