Atrazine exhibits a diverse range of bioactivities and physicochemical properties. It has a high aqueous solubility with a logarithmic solubility value of -3.55 and a log D value of 2.61, indicating its hydrophobic nature. The compound demonstrates low dissociation constant with a pKa value below 2.0 and shows high permeability through artificial membranes, with a log Pe of -4.21 cm/s in a 70% silicon-30% IPM membrane and a low log Kp of -5.56 cm/s indicating low permeability in human skin. It also has an IC50 of 930.0 nM in inhibiting photosystem II in spinach thylakoids, showcasing potent herbicidal activity against various plant species such as Stellaria media, Lolium perenne, Amaranthus retroflexus, and others, with 100% efficacy against Chenopodium album and Stellaria media at certain dosages.
In various bioassays, Atrazine shows the ability to inhibit photosynthetic electron transport in Spinacia oleracea and other plants, with IC50 values indicating significant potency. Additionally, it demonstrates herbicidal properties by affecting the growth of different weed species both pre- and post-emergence. It also inhibits multiple biochemical and physiological pathways in plants such as Lolium multiflorum and Triticum aestivum, influencing photosynthesis, antioxidative enzyme activities, and overall plant growth.
Beyond its herbicidal properties, Atrazine shows inhibitory effects on sodium fluorescein uptake in OATP1B3 and OATP1B1-transfected CHO cells, indicating potential in pharmaceutical applications related to these transporters. Additionally, it exhibits antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 by inhibiting its induced cytotoxicity in VERO-6 cells and inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 3CL-Pro protease, albeit with moderate efficacy.
Overall, Atrazine's profile includes high permeability through artificial membranes, potent herbicidal activity, effects on plant biochemical pathways, and potential pharmaceutical uses, particularly in viral inhibition and transporter interactions..
Note: Summary generated by AI. Data source: ChEMBL 