CAY10748 is an agonist of stimulator of interferon genes (STING; IC50= 0.3794 μM in a competition binding assay).1It activates STING in STING-expressing, but not STING knockout, THP-1 cells (EC50s = 0.287 and >100 μM, respectively, in a reporter assay). It induces phosphorylation of STING at the serine in position 366, as well as phosphorylation of TBK1 and IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), indicating activation of the STING-TBK1-IRF3 signaling pathway. CAY10748 increases the secretion of IFN-β and the levels of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 10 (CXCL10), and IL-6 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) when used at a concentration of 10 μM. It also reduces tumor growth in a CT26 murine colon cancer model when administered at a dose of 0.15, but not 1.5, mg/kg.
1.Xi, Q., Wang, M., Jia, W., et al.Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of amidobenzimidazole derivatives as stimulator of interferon genes (STING) receptor agonistsJ. Med. Chem.63(1)260-282(2019)
Potent TBK1 (TANK-binding kinase-1) inhibitor (IC50 = 6 nM). Inhibits the formation of autophagosomes in lung cancer cells.
Newman et al (2012) TBK1 kinase addiction in lung cancer cells is mediated via autophagy of Tax1bp1/Ndp52 and non-canonical NF-κB signalling. PLoS ONE 7 e50672 PMID:23209807 |McIver et al (2012) Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a novel series of pyrimidines as potent inhibitors of TBK1/IKKe kinases. Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett. 22 7169 PMID:23099093
MSA-2 dimer is a selective, orally active non-nucleotide STING agonist (Kd=145 μM) with long-term antitumor and immunogenic activity. MSA-2 dimer is bound to STING as a non-covalent dimer exhibiting higher permeability than cyclic dinucleotide[1].
MSA-2 dimer (60 mg/kg; p.o.; 50 days) inhibits tumor growth and prolongs overall survival[1]. MSA-2 dimer (40 mg/kg; s.c.; 25 days) induces complete tumor regression[1].MSA-2 dimer (60 mg/kg; p.o.; 4 hours) increases proinflammatory cytokine (IFN-β) level in tumors[1].MSA-2 dimer (60 mg/kg; s.c.; 4 hours) concentrations is observed in tumors than in plasma or other nontumor tissues [1].MSA-2 dimer (THP-1 cells) induces phosphorylation of both TBK1 and IR. MSA-2 dimer (10 μM and 33 μM; macrophages) induces IFN-β[1].MSA-2 dimer also exhibits dose-dependent antitumor activity when administered by IT, SC, or PO routes[1].
[1]. Pan BS, et al. An orally available non-nucleotide STING agonist with antitumor activity. Science. 2020;369(6506):eaba6098.
TBK1/IKKε-IN-4 is a 6-aminopyrazolopyrimidine derivative and a potent, selective TBK1 and IKKε inhibitor with IC50 values of 13 nM and 59 nM, respectively. TBK1/IKKε-IN-4 shows 100- to 1000-fold less activity against other protein kinases including PDK1, PI3K family members and mTOR[1].
TBK1/IKKε-IN-4 (Compound II; 96 hours; A549 andHCC44 cells) treatmentdisplays selective toxicity in TBK1-dependent cancer cell lines (IC50 of ~ 4.2 μM for H441 cells and IC50 of ~0.4 μM for A549 cells)[1].TBK1/IKKε-IN-4 (Compound II; 0-2 μM; 30 minutes; HCC44 cells) treatment inhibits the AKT activity[1].TBK1/IKKε-IN-4 (Compound II) inhibits LPS-induced expression of IFNβ (IC50 =62 nM), and the IFNβ target genes IP10 (IC50 =78 nM) and Mx1 (IC50=20 nM). TBK1/IKKε-IN-4 effectively blocksTLR3-dependent IRF3 nuclear translocation in cells with an IC50 under 100 nM, but does not impair TNFR1-dependent p65 NFκB nuclear translocation with doses as high as 20 μM[1].
[1]. Ou YH, et al. TBK1 directly engages Akt/PKB survival signaling to support oncogenic transformation. Mol Cell. 2011 Feb 18;41(4):458-70.
TBK1/IKKε-IN-3, a potent IP6K inhibitor, exhibits IC50 values of 3, 8.65, and 3.72 μM for IP6K1, IP6K2, and IP6K3, respectively. It is applicable in obesity disease research. [1]