efflux activity

γ-Tocotrienol (Plastochromanol) 是一种维生素 E 的活性形式。

Benzquinamide (P2647) 是一种具有抗癌活性的止吐剂, 抑制p糖蛋白介导的药物外排，增强多重耐药细胞中抗癌药物的细胞毒性。Benzquinamide 对 α2A, α2B, 以及α2C 肾上腺素能受体（α2-AR）的 Ki值分别为 1,365, 691 和 545 nM。

timcodar 是一种非 FKBP12 结合大环内酯衍生物，是外排泵抑制剂，具有抗菌活性，抑制脂质积累，抑制结核杆菌，可用于研究肥胖。

Thalicarpine is a natural aporphine benzylisoquinoline vinca alkaloid with antineoplastic activity. Thalicarpine binds to and inhibits p-glycoprotein, the multidrug resistance efflux pump. Thalicarpine also induces single-strand breaks in DNA and arrests cancer cells at the G2/M and G1 phase of the cell cycle. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent.

Milataxel is an orally bioavailable taxane with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, milataxel and its major active metabolite M-10 bind to and stabilize tubulin, resulting in the inhibition of microtubule depolymerization and cell division, cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase, and the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation. Unlike other taxane compounds, milataxel appears to be a poor substrate for the multidrug resistance (MDR) membrane-associated P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux pump and may be useful for treating multidrug-resistant tumors. Check for active clinical trials or closed clinical trials using this agent. (NCI Thesaurus).This compound is unstable in powder form and other related salt forms are recommended.

Phenytoin (5,5-Diphenylhydantoin) 是一种有效的电压门控钠离子通道阻滞剂，可减少小鼠乳腺肿瘤的生长和转移，具有抗癫痫活性。

Ritodrine hydrochloride (NSC 291565) 是一种 β-2肾上腺素受体激动剂。

The KD values of D13-9001 in Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were 1.15μM and 3.57μM, respectively. D13-9001 has antibiotic activity. It is an effective AcrB (AcrAB-TolC efflux pump subunit) and MexB (MexAB-OprM efflux pump subunit) inhibitor.

Tariquidar methanesulfonate hydrate (XR9576 methanesulfonate hydrate) 是一种具有选择性和高效性的 P-糖蛋白药物外排泵抑制剂，具有潜在的抗癌活性，诱导大鼠血脑屏障 P-糖蛋白抑制。

A 839977是一种选择性 P2X7 受体拮抗剂,具有抗炎和镇痛活性， 可抑制 P2X7 受体的 BzATP 诱发的钙内流，可用于研究肾纤维化 .

Antibiofilm agent-12（Compound C13）作为一种氨基甲酸酯类衍生的抗真菌剂，对Candida auris表现出突出的抗生物性能。其最小抑菌浓度MIC90达到237.9 μM，能有效抑制Candida auris的药物外排泵活性，并通过促进麦角固醇的耗竭来阻碍其生物膜的形成，并降低其代谢的灵活性。此外，在秀丽隐杆线虫模型中感染Candida auris后，Antibiofilm agent-12同样展现了抗真菌的效果。

Multi-target kinase inhibitor 4 (Compound 2) 是PI3K/DNA-PK抑制剂与强效化学增敏剂，能够增加Doxorubicin引起的DNA双链断裂数量。它是有效的多药耐药性(MDR)抑制剂，对P-糖蛋白(P-gp)介导的药物外排具有活性抑制作用。同时，该化合物可负载于PEG包覆的脂质纳米粒中。

NorA-IN-2 (compound DZ-3) 是一种高效的NorA抑制剂，展现了NorA外排泵抑制剂 (EPI) 的活性。

IITR08367 是一种高效的Acinetobacter baumannii Fosfomycin Efflux pump (AbaF) 抑制剂，用于提高Fosfomycin对Acinetobacter baumannii的抗菌效果。其作用机制是干扰Fosfomycin/H+反向转运过程。

P-gp modulator-4 (compound 4c) 能有效抑制 P-糖蛋白（P-gp）的外排功能，并在癌症逆转活性中展现出多药耐药性 (MDR)，其中Paclitaxel的IC50为8.80，逆转倍数为211.8。

Antitrypanosomal agent 24 是一种苯并噻唑偕胺肟，展现出强效且选择性的抗锥虫活性 (IC50 = 0.92 μM)。它是 P-糖蛋白外排泵的底物，并且具有高膜通透性和良好的代谢稳定性。此外，Antitrypanosomal agent 24 通过插入作用与 DNA/RNA 结合。

VEGFR-2/P-gp-IN-1 是一种Licochalcone A 衍生物，具口服活性，作为VEGFR-2 (IC50= 0.885 μM) 和 P-糖蛋白 (P-gp) 的抑制剂。通过同时抑制VEGFR-2激酶活性及P-gp药物外排泵功能，该化合物能够抗肿瘤增殖并克服化疗耐药性。它抑制VEGFR-2和下游PI3K/AKT信号通路蛋白的磷酸化，诱导细胞凋亡并阻滞细胞于S期，同时抑制侵袭性迁移。在HeLa/DDP细胞异种移植瘤模型中，VEGFR-2/P-gp-IN-1 展示出显著的体内抗肿瘤效果，并可用于宫颈癌研究。

ARN25657 是一种 D3R/GSK-3β 双重调节剂。ARN25657 具有部分 D3R 激动剂活性 (EC50= 15.2 nM，Ki= 1.5 nM) 和强效 GSK-3β 抑制剂活性 (IC50= 19.3 nM)。ARN25657 对 FYN、PKA 和 CDK5/p35 显示出对 GSK-3β 的高度选择性，并能抑制 P-gp 介导的乙酰氧甲基钙黄绿素外排，提升体外 ADME 特性，同时保持平衡的双靶标分布。ARN25657 适用于双相情感障碍及相关神经精神疾病的研究。

DS-8587 is a DNA topoisomerase inhibitor. DS-8587 exhibits potent antibacterial activity against quinolone-resistant A. baumannii isolates that harbor mutations in quinolone resistance-determining regions. DS-8587 significantly reduces the number of viabl

S39625, an E-ring camptothecin keto analogue, is a stable, potent, and selective topoisomerase I inhibitor without being substrates of drug efflux transporters. Nanomolar concentrations of S39625 induces intense and persistent histone gamma-H2AX. The chem

PD150606 是一种具有选择性的非肽 calpain 抑制剂，具有神经保护活性，抑制 μ-calpains 和 m-calpains ，抑制红藻氨酸诱导的 Ca2+ 内流，干扰兴奋性毒性依赖性运动神经元死亡。

BODIPY-aminoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal (BAAA-DA) is a stable precursor to BODIPY-aminoacetaldehyde, a cell-permeable fluorescent substrate for aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH).1,2BODIPY-aminoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal is converted under acidic conditions to BODIPY-aminoacetaldehyde (BAAA).2BAAA is cell-permeant and is converted intracellularly by ALDH to BODIPY aminoacetate (BAA), which is retained by cells and can be used to identify cells with high ALDH activity.1BAA is a substrate for the efflux pump P-glycoprotein (P-gp) but co-application of BAAA with a P-gp inhibitor, such as verapamil , inhibits BAA efflux.2BAAA-DA has been used to isolate human hematopoietic progenitor cells, which have high ALDH activity, andviaflow cytometry to sort cancer stem cells that contain high levels of ALDH.1,3BAA used in cells can be excited at 488 nm and displays an emission maximum of 512 nm.4 1.Storms, R.W., Trujillo, A.P., Springer, J.B., et al.Isolation of primitive human hematopoietic progenitors on the basis of aldehyde dehydrogenase activityProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America96(16)9118-9123(1999) 2.Smith, C.A., Colvin, M., Storms, R.W., et al.BODIPY aminoacetaldehyde diethyl acetal08010501.81-15(2010) 3.Leng, Z., Yang, Z., Li, L., et al.A reliable method for the sorting and identification of ALDHhigh cancer stem cells by flow cytometryExp. Ther. Med.(2017) 4.Pomper, M.G., Wang, H., Minn, I., et al.Red fluorescent aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) substrate(2015)

Pinolenic acid is a polyunsaturated fatty acid found in Korean pine (Pinus orientalis) and maritime pine (Pinus pinaster) seed oils. Both oils have been found to have lipid-lowering properties. A diet containing maritime pine seed oil (MPSO) lowered high-density lipoprotein and ApoA1 levels in transgenic mice expressing human ApoA1. MPSO was found to diminish cholesterol efflux in vitro. Korean pine seed oil supplements may help in obesity by reduction of appetite. People taking this oil had an increase in the satiety hormones CCK and GLP-1 and a reduced desire to eat. The activity of the oil is attributed to pinolenic acid. Pinolenic acid is not converted to arachidonic acid metabolically and can reduce arachidonic acid levels in the phosphatidylinositol fraction of HepG2 cells from 15.9% to 7.0%. Pinolenic acid ethyl ester is a neutral, more lipophilic form of the free acid.

Milbemycin A4 oxime is a derivative of milbemycin A4 and a component of milbemycin oxime , compounds that both have insecticidal and nematocidal activity. Milbemycin A4 oxime (0.05 mg/kg) reduces the number of microfilariae of the heartworm D. immitis in naturally infested dogs. It inhibits the growth of clinical isolates of C. glabrata with MIC80 values ranging from 16 to greater than 32 μg/ml. Milbemycin A4 oxime (2.5 μg/ml) blocks efflux of fluconazole from a clinical isolate of C. glabrata, but not from a strain lacking the efflux pumps CgCDR1 and PDH1, and reduces the MICs of fluconazole and 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide in wild-type C. glabrata. It enhances adriamycin-induced inhibition of cell growth, as well as increases the intracellular accumulation of adriamycin and the P-glycoprotein substrate rhodamine 123 , in adriamycin-resistant, but not -sensitive, MCF-7 breast cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner.