diet-induced

Neomangiferin (Mangiferin 7-glucoside) 是一种天然的 C-glucosyl xanthone，分离自干燥的Anemarrhena asphodeloides 的根茎中。它能够减轻大鼠高脂饮食诱导的非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD)。

Punicalagin 是一种在石榴中发现的主要鞣花单宁，是可逆且非竞争性的 3CLpro 抑制剂。Punicalagin 具有抗氧化、抗炎和抗肿瘤活性。

CP-544439 是一种具有口服活性和高效性的 MMP-13 抑制剂，可防止小鼠饮食诱导的肥胖，并抑制3T3-L1前脂肪细胞的脂肪生成，可用于研究肥胖。

LI-2242是一种强效肌醇六磷酸激酶（IP6K）抑制剂，对 IP6K1、IP6K2、IP6K3和 IPMK 的 IC50s 分别为31 nM、42 nM、8.7 nM 和1944 nM。LI-2242通过减少增强脂质吸收、脂质稳定和脂肪生成的基因的表达，改善了肝脏脂肪变性，增强体外脂肪细胞和肝细胞的线粒体耗氧率（OCR）和胰岛素信号传导。 LI-2242可改善饮食诱导的小鼠肥胖症、高血糖症和肝脂肪变性。LI-2242可用于研究 II 型糖尿病、肥胖症、代谢并发症、静脉血栓和精神疾病。

Nicotinamide riboside 是维生素 B3 的来源，可以增强氧化代谢并防止高脂肪饮食诱导的代谢异常。它是具有口服活性的 NAD+的前体，增加 NAD+水平并激活SIRT1和SIRT3，可用于研究阿尔茨海默氏病的认知退化。

Rhododendrol (Frambinol) 是一种黑色素合成物，防止雄性小鼠高脂饮食引起的体重升高和增加雄性小鼠白色脂肪细胞的脂肪分解。Rhododendrol 可用作美白 美白化妆品抑制剂。

Oxfenicine (4-Hydroxy-L-phenylglycine) 是具有口服活性的肉碱棕榈酰转移酶-1 抑制剂。它在缺血期间保护心脏免受坏死组织的损害。它可抑制心脏中脂肪酸的氧化。

Eriocitrin (Eriodictyol-7-O-Rutinoside) 是从柠檬中分离出来的一种黄酮类天然产物，是强效的抗氧化剂。它通过激活线粒体涉及的内在信号传导途径来触发细胞凋亡。它通过上调 p53、cyclin A、cyclin D3 和 CDK6 使 S 期细胞周期停滞，从而抑制肝癌细胞的增殖。

10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid 是一种口服有效的酰基辅酶 A 氧化酶-1 (ACOX1) 抑制剂，具有高特异性，选择性，高亲和力的特点。10,12-Tricosadiynoic acid 可改善线粒体脂质和 ROS 代谢，在高脂饮食或肥胖引起的代谢性疾病中有研究的价值。

EHP-101 (VCE-​004.8) 是一种口服有效的特异性PPARγ和CB2受体双重激动剂，可抑制脯氨酰-羟化酶(PHDs) 并激活HIF 通路。它是一种半合成的多靶点大麻喹啉，可减弱脂肪生成并防止饮食诱导的肥胖，具有抗炎活性。

D5D-IN-326 is an orally active delta-5 desaturase (D5D) inhibitor (IC50s: 72 and 22 nM for rat and human D5D in enzymic and cell-based assays). It has no effect on D6D or D9D activity. D5D-IN-326 reduces insulin resistance and decreases body weight in die

L 152804 是神经肽 Y Y5 受体的特异性拮抗剂，可调节食物摄入和能量消耗，从而导致饮食诱导的肥胖小鼠体重减轻。

PF-5006739 is an effective and selective inhibitor of CK1δ ε (IC50s: 3.9 nM and 17.0 nM, respectively). PF-5006739 is a potential therapeutic agent for a range of psychiatric disorders with low nanomolar in vitro potency for CK1δ ε and high kinome selecti

HPG1860, 作为法尼酮X受体(FXR)的激动剂，在使用表达人类FXR的HEK293T细胞的报告基因检测中能引发发光（EC50 = 18 nM）。动物体内实验显示，HPG1860（每天1、3、或10 mg kg）可以减少非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）小鼠模型的血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和总胆固醇水平，该小鼠模型是通过高脂饮食和四氯化碳（CCl4）诱导的。此化合物还能降低肝部的炎症、脂肪积累及纤维化。

HX 531 是RXR 拮抗剂 (IC50值为18 nM)。HX 531能降低小鼠白色脂肪组织（WAT）、骨骼肌和肝脏中的组织 TG 含量来预防 HF 饮食诱导的肥胖、胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病。

DA-11004 is a potent NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase inhibitor (IC50: 1.49 μM for IDPc). DA-11004 inhibited fatty acid synthesis in adipose tissues via IDPc inhibition. It also decreased the plasma glucose levels and FFA in HF diet-induced obesity

SMI-6860766 is a CD40-Traf6 interactions blocker that acts by ameliorating the complications of diet-induced obesity in mice.

AMG-221 is a potent and selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitor. AMG-221 decreased fed blood glucose and insulin levels and reduced body weight in diet-induced obesity mice.

AMG-221 is a potent and selective 11β-HSD1 inhibitor. AMG 221 potently blocked 11β-HSD1 activity, producing sustained inhibition for the 24-hour study duration as measured in ex vivo adipose samples. AMG-221 decreased fed blood glucose and insulin levels

C108297 is a glucocorticoid receptor modulator. C108297 prevents both diet-induced obesity and inflammation. C108297 decreased food and fructose intake and increased lipolysis in white adipose tissue (WAT) and free fatty acid levels in plasma, resulting i

Nicotinamide Riboside Triflate (SRT647 Triflate) 是一种天然NAD前体，可增加NAD水平，可增强氧化代谢并防止高脂肪饮食引起的肥胖，KE 激活SIRT3可防止噪音引起的听力损失,可用于研究肌肉萎缩。

β-Muricholic acid (β-MCA) is a murine-specific primary bile acid.[1],[2] Dietary administration of β-MCA reduces HMG-CoA reductase activity in liver microsomes from mice fed a high cholesterol and cholic acid diet.[3] Dietary administration of β-MCA also dissolves 100% of gallstones in a gallstone-susceptible mouse model of diet-induced cholesterol gallstones.[4]

YW1128 is an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling with an IC50 value of 4.1 nM in a reporter assay.1 It decreases protein levels of β-catenin in the presence of the GSK3β inhibitor lithium chloride and increases protein levels of Axin1 in HEK293 cells. YW1128 decreases lipid accumulation and the expression of gluconeogenic and lipogenic genes in Huh7 cells. It decreases the hepatic expression of Wnt target genes, improves glucose tolerance, and prevents body weight increases and hepatic lipid accumulation in mice fed a high-fat diet, but not mice fed normal chow, when administered at a dose of 40 mg/kg every other day for 11 weeks.References1. Obianom, O.N., Ai, Y., Li, Y., et al. Triazole-based inhibitors of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway improve glucose and lipid metabolism in diet-induced obese mice. J. Med. Chem. 62(2), 727-741 (2019). YW1128 is an inhibitor of Wnt/β-catenin signaling with an IC50 value of 4.1 nM in a reporter assay.1 It decreases protein levels of β-catenin in the presence of the GSK3β inhibitor lithium chloride and increases protein levels of Axin1 in HEK293 cells. YW1128 decreases lipid accumulation and the expression of gluconeogenic and lipogenic genes in Huh7 cells. It decreases the hepatic expression of Wnt target genes, improves glucose tolerance, and prevents body weight increases and hepatic lipid accumulation in mice fed a high-fat diet, but not mice fed normal chow, when administered at a dose of 40 mg/kg every other day for 11 weeks. References1. Obianom, O.N., Ai, Y., Li, Y., et al. Triazole-based inhibitors of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway improve glucose and lipid metabolism in diet-induced obese mice. J. Med. Chem. 62(2), 727-741 (2019).

Ajoene is a disulfide that has been found inA. sativumand has diverse biological activities, including antibacterial, anticancer, antiplatelet, and antioxidant properties.1,2,3,4It is active against Gram-positive (MICs = 5-160 µg ml) and Gram-negative bacteria (MICs = 136-200 µg ml), as well as yeasts (MICs = 10-20 µg ml).1Ajoene is cytotoxic to mouse melanoma cells (IC50= 18 µM), as well as human colon, lung, mammary, and pancreatic cancer cells (IC50s = 7-41 µM).2It reduces tumor growth in a B16 BL6 mouse model of melanoma when administered at a dose of 25 mg kg every other day and decreases the number of lung metastases when administered prior to tumor cell inoculation at doses ranging from 1-25 mg kg. It inhibits ADP- or collagen-induced platelet aggregation in isolated baboon platelets when used at concentrations ranging from 75 to 150 µg ml and in platelet-rich plasma isolated from baboons when administered at a dose of 25 mg kg.3Ajoene (25 mg kg) prevents thrombus formation on damaged arterial walls in heparinized pigs in anin situmodel of thrombogenesis.5It also reduces high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, histopathological markers of liver damage, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation, and protein oxidation in a mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).4 1.Naganawa, R., Iwata, N., Ishikawa, K., et al.Inhibition of microbial growth by ajoene, a sulfur-containing compound derived from garlicAppl. Environ. Microbiol.62(11)4238-4242(1996) 2.Taylor, P., Noriega, R., Farah, C., et al.Ajoene inhibits both primary tumor growth and metastasis of B16 BL6 melanoma cells in C57BL 6 miceCancer Lett.239(2)298-304(2006) 3.Teranishi, K., Apitz-Castro, R., Robson, S.C., et al.Inhibition of baboon platelet aggregation in vitro and in vivo by the garlic derivative, ajoeneXenotransplantation10(4)374-379(2003) 4.Han, C.Y., Ki, S.H., Kim, Y.W., et al.Ajoene, a stable garlic by-product, inhibits high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and oxidative injury through LKB1-dependent AMPK activationAntioxid. Redox Signal.14(2)187-202(2011) 5.Apitz-Castro, R., Badimon, J.J., and Badimon, L.A garlic derivative, ajoene, inhibits platelet deposition on severely damaged vessel wall in an in vivo porcine experimental modelThromb. Res.75(3)243-249(1994)