non-alcoholic

Glycolithocholic acid (Lithocholic acid glycine conjugate) 属于内源性代谢产物，是甘氨酸结合的次级胆汁酸。它可用于诊断非酒精性脂肪性肝炎，溃疡性结肠炎和原发性硬化性胆管炎。

PTUPB 是强效的sEH(IC50:0.9 μM)和COX-2(IC50:1.26 μM)的双向抑制剂。

IMM-H007 是一种新型降脂剂，可增加 abca1 蛋白的表达。

Vidofludimus (SC12267) 是一种新型的二氢乳清酸脱氢酶 (DHODH) 小分子抑制剂，可在不影响淋巴细胞增殖的条件下抑制IL-17的分泌。

INT-767 是一种高效的法尼类固醇 X 受体 (FXR) TGR5 双激动剂，可预防 NASH 并促进内脏脂肪棕色脂肪生成和线粒体功能，可用于研究非酒精性脂肪性肝炎。

Apararenone (MT-3995) 是一种新型的、非甾体类盐皮质激素受体 (mineralocorticoid receptor) 拮抗剂，正在开发用于糖尿病性肾病和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的研究。

Berberine ursodeoxycholate (HTD1801) 是一种口服有效的降血脂剂 ，是 Berberine 和 Ursodeoxycholic acid 的一种离子盐。Berberine ursodeoxycholate 具有广泛的代谢活性，可显著降低肝脏脂肪含量。Berberine ursodeoxycholate 可用于研究高脂血症、非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH) 和糖尿病。

H-Asp(OtBu)-OtBu HCl 是一种天冬氨酸衍生物，可能用于研究神经功能的比较和非酒精类肝炎类代谢性疾病。

DB1976 dihydrochloride (DB1976 2HCl) ，一种转录因子 PU.1 抑制剂，具有潜在抗炎活性，可在体内实验中减缓小鼠的炎症和纤维化，改善了葡萄糖稳态和血脂异常。DB1976 dihydrochloride 促进细胞凋亡，可用于研究代谢功能障碍和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎。

GOAT-IN-1 is an inhibitor of ghrelin O-acyltransferase (GOAT), which could be useful for the prophylaxis or treatment of diabetes, hyperlipidemia, non-alcoholic fatty liver, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, cerebrovascular dementia, cerebral infa

Volixibat is a highly selective and competitive apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter inhibitor. Volixibat has the potential for treatment for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

PCSK9-IN-29 是一种有效的降脂药物。在 hepG2 细胞中，该化合物能够增强低密度脂蛋白受体 (LDLR) 的表达，同时减少 PCSK9 蛋白的表达。此外，在食用高脂肪饮食的食蟹猴体内，PCSK9-IN-29 能显著降低血清中 LDL-C、TC 以及肝酶 ALT 的水平，有效减轻体重和体脂，并提升骨矿物质含量。该化合物主要用于非酒精性脂肪性肝炎与肥胖症的研究领域。

HPG1860, 作为法尼酮X受体(FXR)的激动剂，在使用表达人类FXR的HEK293T细胞的报告基因检测中能引发发光（EC50 = 18 nM）。动物体内实验显示，HPG1860（每天1、3、或10 mg kg）可以减少非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）小鼠模型的血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）和总胆固醇水平，该小鼠模型是通过高脂饮食和四氯化碳（CCl4）诱导的。此化合物还能降低肝部的炎症、脂肪积累及纤维化。

SET-171 是一种 JNK (c-JunN-terminal kinase) 抑制剂，通过抑制肝脏丙酮酸激酶 (PKL) 的表达，展现出显著的抗癌特性和调节脂质代谢的潜力。在抗肿瘤研究中，SET-171 对人肝癌细胞系 HepG2 和 Huh7 的 IC50 值分别为 8.82 μM 和 2.97 μM，显示出较高的细胞毒性。此外，在非酒精性脂肪性肝病 (NAFLD) 的研究中，SET-171 显著降低三酰甘油 (TAG) 水平，并抑制与脂肪变性相关蛋白的表达。SET-171 有望用于肝细胞癌 (HCC) 和非酒精性脂肪性肝病的研究。

LH10 是一个基于 fexaramine 的FXR激动剂，EC50为0.14 μM。LH10 展现了肝脏保护作用，有助于减轻由 alpha naphthylisothiocyanate (ANIT) 导致的胆汁淤积、APAP 诱导的急性肝损伤以及非酒精性脂肪性肝炎 (NASH)。

GLP-1 receptoragonist 16 (Example 53) 是一种GLP-1激动剂，用于研究糖尿病、肥胖及非酒精性脂肪性肝炎相关疾病。

SKLB102 对PPARγ显示出较强的亲和力。该化合物能够通过调节脂肪细胞因子的表达以及预防胰岛素抵抗，显著减少脂肪沉积，从而有效保护肝脏免受非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）的损害。

PPARγ-IN-5 (Compound A3) 是一种PPARγ抑制剂，在肝细胞中有效抑制脂质累积，并在 HepG2 细胞（400 µM）条件下无显著细胞毒性。PPARγ-IN-5 可用于研究非酒精性脂肪性肝病。

NLRP3-IN-70 (Compound 5m) 是一种NLRP3炎症体抑制剂，具有低口服生物利用度。它通过直接结合NLRP3蛋白的NACHT结构域，阻止NLRP3与ASC的相互作用，从而抑制ASC寡聚化与NLRP3炎症体的组装。NLRP3-IN-70 适用于败血症和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的研究。

p-nitro-Pifithrin-α is a cell-permeable analog of pifithrin-α, a potent p53 inhibitor. It suppresses p53-mediated TGF-β1 expression in HK-2 cells and inhibits the activation of caspase-3 by Zika virus (ZIKV) strains. Moreover, p-nitro-Pifithrin-α attenuates steatosis and liver injury in mice subjected to a high-fat diet, mitigating the effects of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [1] [2] [3] [4].

CP-24879 hydrochloride (CP-24879 HCl) 是选择性的 delta5D delta6D 联合抑制剂。它能显著降低肝细胞内脂质积聚和炎症损伤。它在脂肪-1 和 ω-3 处理的肝细胞中表现出优越的抗脂肪变性和抗炎作用，可用于非酒精性脂肪性肝炎的研究。

Leucocyanidin (Leucocianidol) 是从 Aesculus Hippocastanum 种子中提取的抗溃疡化合物。Leucocyanidin 可用于研究非酒精性脂肪肝。

1-Palmitoyl-2-stearoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol that contains palmitic , stearic , and oleic acid at the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions, respectively. It has been detected in RAW 264.7 cells by neutral loss MS. Increased serum levels of 1-palmitoyl-2-stearoyl-3-oleoyl-rac-glycerol are a potential biomarker for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Ajoene is a disulfide that has been found inA. sativumand has diverse biological activities, including antibacterial, anticancer, antiplatelet, and antioxidant properties.1,2,3,4It is active against Gram-positive (MICs = 5-160 µg ml) and Gram-negative bacteria (MICs = 136-200 µg ml), as well as yeasts (MICs = 10-20 µg ml).1Ajoene is cytotoxic to mouse melanoma cells (IC50= 18 µM), as well as human colon, lung, mammary, and pancreatic cancer cells (IC50s = 7-41 µM).2It reduces tumor growth in a B16 BL6 mouse model of melanoma when administered at a dose of 25 mg kg every other day and decreases the number of lung metastases when administered prior to tumor cell inoculation at doses ranging from 1-25 mg kg. It inhibits ADP- or collagen-induced platelet aggregation in isolated baboon platelets when used at concentrations ranging from 75 to 150 µg ml and in platelet-rich plasma isolated from baboons when administered at a dose of 25 mg kg.3Ajoene (25 mg kg) prevents thrombus formation on damaged arterial walls in heparinized pigs in anin situmodel of thrombogenesis.5It also reduces high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, histopathological markers of liver damage, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation, and protein oxidation in a mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).4 1.Naganawa, R., Iwata, N., Ishikawa, K., et al.Inhibition of microbial growth by ajoene, a sulfur-containing compound derived from garlicAppl. Environ. Microbiol.62(11)4238-4242(1996) 2.Taylor, P., Noriega, R., Farah, C., et al.Ajoene inhibits both primary tumor growth and metastasis of B16 BL6 melanoma cells in C57BL 6 miceCancer Lett.239(2)298-304(2006) 3.Teranishi, K., Apitz-Castro, R., Robson, S.C., et al.Inhibition of baboon platelet aggregation in vitro and in vivo by the garlic derivative, ajoeneXenotransplantation10(4)374-379(2003) 4.Han, C.Y., Ki, S.H., Kim, Y.W., et al.Ajoene, a stable garlic by-product, inhibits high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and oxidative injury through LKB1-dependent AMPK activationAntioxid. Redox Signal.14(2)187-202(2011) 5.Apitz-Castro, R., Badimon, J.J., and Badimon, L.A garlic derivative, ajoene, inhibits platelet deposition on severely damaged vessel wall in an in vivo porcine experimental modelThromb. Res.75(3)243-249(1994)