Fetuin, Fetal Bovine Serum is a glycoprotein weighing 64 kDa that is secreted by the liver and obtained from fetal bovine serum. It acts as an inhibitor of trypsin activity and facilitates cellular attachment, growth, and differentiation.
Phosphatidylcholines (PC) are a class of phospholipids that incorporate choline as a headgroup. They are a major component of biological membranes and can be easily obtained from a variety of readily available sources, such as egg yolk or soybeans, from w
HC Toxin is a cell-permeable, reversible inhibitor of histone deacetylases (HDACs) (IC50 = 30 nM). Through its effects on HDACs, HC toxin has been shown to up-regulate the expression of 15-lipoxygenase-1 in colorectal cancer cells and induce fetal hemoglobin in human primary erythroid cells. HC Toxin is a cyclic tetrapeptide first isolated from H. carbonum (now C. carbonum), a pathogen of maize.
Cho-Arg is a steroid-based cationic lipid that contains a cholesterol skeleton coupled to an L-arginine head group. It forms a complex with plasmid DNA and decreases plasmid DNA migration in an agarose-gel retardant assay at charge ratios greater than or equal to 4. Cho-Arg facilitates transfection of plasmid DNA into H1299 and HeLa cells in the presence or absence of fetal bovine serum, an effect that is reversed by the lipid raft-mediated endocytosis inhibitor methyl-β-cyclodextrin and the caveolae-mediated endocytosis inhibitor genistein . It is cytotoxic to H1299 cells (IC50 = 88.5 μg/ml).
Dios-Arg is a steroid-based cationic lipid that contains a diosgenin skeleton coupled to an L-arginine head group. It forms a complex with plasmid DNA and decreases plasmid DNA migration in an agarose-gel retardant assay at charge ratio greater than or equal to 4. Dios-Arg facilitates transfection of plasmid DNA into H1299 and HeLa cells in the presence and absence of fetal bovine serum, an effect that is reversed by the lipid raft-mediated endocytosis inhibitor methyl-β-cyclodextrin and the caveolae-mediated endocytosis inhibitor genistein . It has been used, coupled to 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE , to bind siRNA and plasmid DNA to form cationic lipid nanoparticles for intracellular transport. Dios-Arg is cytotoxic to H1299 and HeLa cells (IC50s = 83.5 and 74.1 μg/ml, respectively).