Tunicamycin 15:1 is a mixture of tunicamycin structural isomers that contain a 15-carbon N-acyl chain with variable branching patterns. The N-acyl chain incorporated into tunicamycins, like tunicamycin 15:1, is derived from the same pool of cellular branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs) inStreptomycesand directly impacts the biological activity of each individual tunicamycin variant.1,2,3Purified tunicamycin 15:1 withiso,anteiso, or a mixture ofisoandanteisobranching configurations inhibit bacterial phospho-MurNAc-pentapeptide transferase (MraY) with IC50values of 0.05, 0.36, and 0.09 μM, respectively.2 1.Price, N.P.J., Jackson, M.A., Hartman, T.M., et al.Branched chain lipid metabolism as a determinant of the N-Acyl variation of Streptomyces natural productsACS Chem. Biol.16(1)116-124(2021) 2.Hering, J., Dunevall, E., Snijder, A., et al.Exploring the active site of the antibacterial target MraY by modified tunicamycinsACS Chem Biol.15(11)2885-2895(2020) 3.Duksin, D., and Mahoney, W.C.Relationship of the structure and biological activity of the natural homologues of tunicamycinJ. Biol. Chem.257(6)3105-3109(1982)
Sphingosine (d18:1), an amino alcohol, is chiefly recognized for its 18-carbon unsaturated hydrocarbon chain. Nevertheless, in mammalian tissues, both sphingosine and its variant, dihydrosphingosine, feature hydrocarbon chains ranging from 12 to 26 carbons. Sphingosine (d15:1) represents a naturally rare variant, serving as an internal standard for chromatographic or spectrometric analyses of sphingoid compounds.
Potent and selective CLK inhibitor (IC50 values are 28, 88 and 510 nM for CLK4, 1 and 2, respectively). Exhibits no significant activity at CLK3, DYRK, CDK or GSK3 at a concentration of 10 μM. Inhibits growth of a range of cancer cell lines in vitro at subnanomolar concentrations. Walter et al (2018) Molecular structures of cdc2-like kinases in complex with a new inhibitor chemotype. PLoS One 13 e0196761 PMID:29723265
YM-543, also known as ASP-543, is a selective SGLT2 inhibitor. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) is a specifically expressed transporter in the kidney that plays an important role in renal glucose reabsorption, and its inhibition may present a novel therapeutic strategy for treating diabetes. YM543 potently and selectively inhibited mouse and human SGLT2 activities at nanomolar ranges. In vivo single oral administration of YM543 dose-dependently and significantly reduced blood glucose levels and improved glucose tolerance with a concomitant increase in urinary glucose excretion in KK Ay type 2 diabetic mice, effects that were sustained even after 12 h.