retention

Bethanechol chloride (Carbamyl-β-methylcholine chloride) 是一种拟副交感神经剂，是毒蕈碱型受体 (mAChR) 激动剂，通过直接刺激副交感神经系统的 mAChR 发挥作用。

Diammonium Glycyrrhizinate (Glycyrrhizin) 是分离自甘草中的化合物，有抗炎作用。

Prazosin hydrochloride (Vasoflex) 是一种选择性肾上腺素能 α-1 拮抗剂，可降低外周阻力并放松血管平滑肌。 它可用于研究高血压和酒精使用障碍。 它是一种合成哌嗪衍生物，具有降压抗肾上腺素能特性。它抑制有机阳离子转运蛋白 OCT-1 和 OCT-3，IC50分别为 1.8 和 13 μM 。

DL-Mevalonolactone ，一种人内源性代谢物，是甲羟戊酸的 δ-lactone 形式，甲羟戊酸途径的一个前体。它能够降低大脑中线粒体膜电位 (∆Ψm)，Ca2+的保留能力和NAD (P) H 的含量 , 而且还诱导线粒体肿胀。DL-Mevalonolactone 诱导炎症和氧化应激反应，降低线粒体膜电位。

Nadolol 是一种有机阴离子转运多肽 1A2 (OATP1A2) 的底物，是一种非选择性的、具有口服活性的 β-肾上腺素受体 (β-adrenergic receptors) 阻滞剂，可用于高血压，心绞痛和血管性头痛的研究。

Pinacidil (P 1134) 是钾通道的有效激活剂。Pinacidil 通过打开 K+-通道使血管平滑肌超极化，显示出抗高血压活性。它显著改善再灌注功能和心脏顺应性。它具有直接的心脏保护作用。

PK14105 has been evaluated biologically as a potential radioligand for positron emission tomography (PET) studies targeting peripheral benzodiazepine binding sites (PBBS) receptors. When administered to rats with unilaterally lesioned striata, PK14105 was observed to quickly cross the blood-brain barrier, displaying significant radioactivity retention in the lesioned striatum, in contrast to the unlesioned striatum or cerebellar vermis. Additionally, PK14105 has the capability to inhibit receptor ligands, calcium channel ligands, and co-transporters in all salivary glands.

Fludrocortisone acetate (9α-Fludrocortisone acetate) 是一种合成的盐皮质激素，可减少尿液中钠丢失量，也用于增加血压，有用于阿狄森氏病的研究潜力。

Hydroxy bosentan (Ro 48-5033) is a primary metabolite of Bosentan (BOS) metabolized by the cytochrome P450 system in the liver, assisting BOS pharmacologically with 10%-20% activity retention.

Lu-AAZTA-NI-PSMA-093 是一款针对前列腺癌治疗的双价放射性药物，其结合了针对 PSMA 的靶向基团和对缺氧敏感的硝基咪唑 (NI) 基团，以提升肿瘤的摄取及保留能力。

FAPI-mFS，作为一种不可逆的成纤维细胞活化蛋白 (FAP) 抑制剂，通过与FAP形成共价结合来提高在癌细胞中的摄取与滞留。此化合物在标记放射性68Ga或177Lu后，可应用于癌症的成像与治疗领域。

TDK-HCPT 是由硫代缩酮键将谷胱甘肽敏感的硫胺素二硫化物与化疗药物10-羟基喜树碱结合形成的小分子共轭物。该化合物可以靶向肿瘤细胞，并延长化疗药物在其内部的滞留时间。TDK-HCPT 具有抑制肿瘤生长和诱导肿瘤细胞凋亡 (apoptosis) 的抗肿瘤活性。

DOTA-NI-FAPI-04 是一种强效的FAP抑制剂 (IC50= 7.44 nM)，通过结合FAP靶向机制和携带缺氧敏感基团 (硝基咪唑)，显著增加了在肿瘤内的摄取和滞留。该化合物利用 DOTA 螯合金属同位素(如68Ga和177Lu)，可生成放射性探针([68Ga]Ga/DOTA-NI-FAPI-04 和 [177Lu]Lu/DOTA-NI-FAPI-04)，推动肿瘤诊断与治疗剂研究。在癌症成像以及肿瘤微环境研究中，它具有双重靶向潜力，尤其适合研究肿瘤基质和低氧区域协同效应的应用。

AB-3PRGD2 是一种用于研究的放射性化合物，能够靶向整合素αvβ3。此化合物能够提高肿瘤摄取量并延长肿瘤中的滞留时间，显著增强对肿瘤生长的抑制效果。此外，AB-3PRGD2 可通过上调PD-L1的表达以及增加肿瘤浸润的CD8+T细胞来重塑肿瘤免疫微环境。

DOTAGA-FAP-2286-ALB 是 Rofapitide tetraxetan 的衍生物，是一种靶向成纤维细胞活化蛋白 (FAP) 的选择性抑制剂，IC50为67.5 nM。通过与白蛋白的相互作用，DOTAGA-FAP-2286-ALB 增强了肿瘤中的滞留时间，延长了在血液中的循环时间，并提高了放射性金属复合物的稳定性（如111In和225Ac）。该化合物有潜力应用于FAP阳性实体瘤的放射性核素治疗 (TRT) 研究。

C105SR 是一种靶向肽基脯氨酰反式异构酶 (PPIase) 的亲环素 D (CypD) 抑制剂，抑制线粒体通透性转换开放 (mPTP) 的IC50为 5 nM，并且可以抑制缺氧复氧诱导的肝细胞凋亡，提高钙驻留能力 (CRC) 水平。在缺血-再灌注损伤 (IRI) 小鼠模型中，C105SR 呈现出显著的肝脏保护作用。

Angiotensin I/II (2-7) is a peptide that contains the amino acids 2-7 and is converted from Angiotensin I/II peptide. Angiotensin is a peptide hormone that causes vasoconstriction and a subsequent increase in blood pressure. Angiotensin also stimulates th

Sdz 280 446 is one of the most active cyclopeptolide of many resistance-modifying agents in restoring rhodamine-123 retention within multidrug-resistant P388 cells.

CS-526 is a proton pump inhibitor. The inhibitory mechanism of CS-526 on H+,K+-ATPase was a competitive antagonism to the K+ binding site of H+,K+-ATPase, and it was also a reversible inhibition. CS-526 has a potent antisecretory effect on gastric acid se

Neostigmine Iodide is a parasympathic compound used as a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor to improve muscle tone in patients with myasthenia gravis and in routine anesthesia to reverse the effects of non-depolarizing muscle relaxants such as rocu

Polythiazide (NSC-108161, P-2525) is used to treat fluid retention (edema) caused by a variety of causes, including congestive heart failure, severe liver disease (cirrhosis), kidney disease, or steroid or hormonal medication.

Sekdel sequence, as a signal, leads to retention of at least two proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum of animal cells.

(-)-L-threo-PDMP is an enhancer of ganglioside biosynthesis. The (-)-L-threo-PDMP (1S,2S) isomer is the active stimulatory component of DL-threo-PDMP in contrast to (+)-D-threo-PDMP , which is an inhibitor of glucosylceramide synthetase. (-)-L-threo-PDMP upregulates GM3, GD3, and GQ1b synthase levels, which are glycosyltransferases involved in ganglioside biosynthesis, and increases ganglioside levels in cells. It increases neurite outgrowth and synapse formation in vitro and improves retention of a long-term memory learned prior to forebrain ischemia in rats when administered following ischemia at a dose of 40 mg/kg per day.

8(R)-HETE is biosynthesized by lipoxygenation of arachidonic acid in marine invertebrates such as gorgonian corals and starfish. Stereochemical assignment of the (R) enantiomer is based on comparison of chiral HPLC retention times to published results.