Apramycin(Nebramycin II) is an aminoglycoside antibiotic used in veterinary medicine. IC50 value:Target: Apramycin stands out among aminoglycosides for its mechanism of action which is based on blocking translocation and its ability to bind also to the eukaryotic decoding site despite differences in key residues required for apramycin recognition by the bacterial target. The drug binds in the deep groove of the RNA which forms a continuously stacked helix comprising non-canonical C.A and G.A base pairs and a bulged-out adenine. The binding mode of apramycin at the human decoding-site RNA is distinct from aminoglycoside recognition of the bacterial target, suggesting a molecular basis for the actions of apramycin in eukaryotes and bacteria. [1]. Apramycin, From Wikipedia
Hyperforin dicyclohexylammonium salt is a transient receptor canonical 6 channel activator with antidepressant effect. It modulates Ca2+ levels by activating Ca2+-conducting non-selective canonical TRPC6 channels.
UAA crosslinker 1 hydrochloride is an amber codon used to incorporate non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) into proteins in vivo. This is achieved by leveraging the promiscuous activity of specific wildtype and engineered aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases[1].
UAA crosslinker 1 hydrochloride is an Amber codon-activating agent utilized for the incorporation of non-canonical amino acids (ncAAs) into proteins. This incorporation is achieved in vivo by leveraging the promiscuous activity of specific wildtype and engineered aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases[1].
2'2'-cGAMP is a synthetic dinucleotide (CDN) that contains non-canonical 2'5'-phosphodiester bonds. It binds to the adapter protein stimulator of interferon genes , which is a component of the innate immune response that activates the type I interferon pathway when bound to cyclic dinucleotides. 2'2-cGAMP shows weaker binding to STING than 2'3'-cGAMP but binds more strongly than 3'3'-cGAMP , cyclic di-GMP , or 3'2'-cGAMP, which bind in the micromolar range (Kds = 1.04, 1.21, or 1.61 μM, respectively). Despite weaker binding, 2'2'-cGAMP induces IFN-β production in the same concentration range as 2'3'-cGAMP (EC50s = 15.8 and 19.4 nM, respectively, in L929 cells).
DTUN is a lipophilic hyponitrite radical initiator.1It initiates co-autoxidation of STY-BODIPY-embedded egg phosphatidylcholine liposomes when used at a concentration of 0.2 mM. DTUN has been used in fluorescence-enabled inhibited autoxidation (FENIX) assays for the development of ferroptosis inhibitors and the study of antioxidants in lipid membranes.1,2 1.Shah, R., Farmer, L.A., Zilka, O., et al.Beyond DPPH: Use of fluorescence-enabled inhibited autoxidation to predict oxidative cell death rescueCell Chem. Biol.26(11)1594-1607(2019) 2.Soula, M., Weber, R.A., Zilka, O., et al.Metabolic determinants of cancer cell sensitivity to canonical ferroptosis inducersNat. Chem. Biol.16(12)1351-1360(2020)
Potent TBK1 (TANK-binding kinase-1) inhibitor (IC50 = 6 nM). Inhibits the formation of autophagosomes in lung cancer cells. Newman et al (2012) TBK1 kinase addiction in lung cancer cells is mediated via autophagy of Tax1bp1/Ndp52 and non-canonical NF-κB signalling. PLoS ONE 7 e50672 PMID:23209807 |McIver et al (2012) Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a novel series of pyrimidines as potent inhibitors of TBK1/IKKe kinases. Bioorg.Med.Chem.Lett. 22 7169 PMID:23099093
3'3'-cGAMP is a second messenger produced in bacteria by specific dinucleotide cyclases. It contains canonical 3'5'-phosphodiester bonds and regulates chemotaxis, colonization, and other cellular functions. 3'3'-cGAMP shows weaker binding to the adapter protein stimulator of interferon genes (STING; Kd = 1.04 μM) than 2'2'-cGAMP and 2'3'-cGAMP but has similar binding affinity to 3'2'-cGAMP (Kd = 1.61 μM) and cyclic di-GMP . 3'3'-cGAMP induces IFN-β mRNA expression in L929 cells (EC50 = 40.5 nM).
β-Catenin-IN-37 is a selective inhibitor of the protein-protein interaction between β-Catenin and T-cell factor (Tcf), known as β-catenin Tcf PPI. It effectively inhibits canonical Wnt signaling and impedes the growth of colorectal cancer cells SW480 and HCT116, with IC50 values of 20 μM and 31 μM, respectively.