UDP-Glucuronic acid is a nucleoside diphosphate sugar that is a source of glucuronic acid for polysaccharide biosynthesis. This compound can be used for the formation of many glucuronides with various aglycones.1 1.Green, M.D., and Tephly, T.R.Glucuronidation of amine substrates by purified and expressed UDP-glucuronosyltransferase proteinsDrug Metab. Dispos.26(9)860-867(1998)
UDP-N-acetyl-D-Glucosamine is a natural nucleotide sugar that is used by glycosyltransferases to transfer N-acetyl-D-glucosamine residues to substrates.1It is an important component of antibiotic biosynthesis pathways in fungi and lipopolysaccharide production in bacteria.2,3 1.Roseman, S.Reflections on glycobiologyJ. Biol. Chem.276(45)41527-41542(2001) 2.Kudo, F., and Eguchi, T.Biosynthetic genes for aminoglycoside antibioticsJ. Antibiot. (Tokyo)62(9)471-481(2009) 3.Mulrooney, E.F., Poon, K.K., McNally, D.J., et al.Biosynthesis of UDP-N-acetyl-L-fucosamine, a precursor to the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide in Pseudomonas aeruginosa serotype O11J. Biol. Chem.280(20)19535-19542(2005)
UDP-α-D-Glucose is an endogenous nucleotide sugar involved in glycosyltransferase reactions in metabolism. It has been shown to bind the P2Y14receptor (EC50= 0.35 μM), an atypical P2Y receptor involved in the activation of dendritic cells and glial cells.1It can also bind to and activate GPR17, inducing oligodendrocyte differentiation at a maximal concentration of 100 μM.2 1.Jacobson, K.A., Ivanov, A.A., de Castro, S., et al.Development of selective agonists and antagonists of P2Y receptorsPurinergic Signal.5(1)75-89(2009) 2.Lecca, D., Trincavelli, M.L., Gelosa, P., et al.The recently identified P2Y-like receptor GPR17 is a sensor of brain damage and a new target for brain repairPLoS One3(10)(2008)