KG 5

KG5 是 PDGFRβ 和 B-Raf 的双重变构抑制剂，对 PDGFRβ 和 PDGFRα 的 Kd 分别为 520 nM 和 300 nM。 KG5 抑制 FLT3、KIT 和 c-Raf，具有抗癌和抗血管生成活性。

KG-501 (Naphthol AS-E phosphate) 是一种 cAMP 反应元件结合蛋白抑制剂，IC50为6.89 μM。

KG-548 是一种 ARNT TACC3 和HIF-1α 双重抑制剂，可与与 HIF-2 二聚化和共激活因子募集有关的 β 折叠表面结合，抑制乳酸生成，可用于研究癌症。

Litoxetine 是一种选择性的5-HT 摄取抑制剂，是具有5-HT3受体拮抗剂。Litoxetine 可作为一种抗抑郁剂，在雪貂身上显示出止吐特性。Litoxetine （1和10毫克 公斤静脉注射）剂量依赖性地减少了反胃和呕吐的次数，延迟了呕吐的发生。Litoxetine 对大脑5HT3受体有亲和力（Ki = 85 nM）。

L-Allylglycine 是 GABA 合成酶（谷氨酸脱羧酶）的有效抑制剂。

PRGL493为高效、选择性的长链酰基辅酶a合成酶4 (ACSL4) 抑制剂，能在乳腺和前列腺细胞以及动物模型中抑制细胞增殖和肿瘤生长，主要应用于癌症研究。

SB 242084 hydrochloride is a 5-HT2C receptor antagonist(pKi=9.0) that displays 158- and 100-fold selectivity over 5-HT2A and 5-HT2B receptors respectively.IC50 value: 9.0(pKi) [1]Target: 5-HT2C antagonistin vitro: SB 242084 had over 100-fold selectivity over a range of other 5-HT, dopamine and adrenergic receptors. In studies of 5-HT-stimulated phosphatidylinositol hydrolysis using SH-SY5Y cells stably expressing the cloned human 5-HT2C receptor, SB 242084 acted as an antagonist with a pKb of 9.3, which closely resembled its corresponding receptor binding affinity [1].in vivo: SB 242084 potently inhibited m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP, 7 mgkg i.p. 20 min pre-test)-induced hypolocomotion in rats, a model of in vivo central 5-HT2C receptor function, with an ID50 of 0.11 mg kg i.p., and 2.0 mg kg p.o. SB 242084 (0.1-1 mg kg i.p.) exhibited an anxiolytic-like profile in the rat social interaction test, increasing time spent in social interaction, but having no effect on locomotion. SB 242084 (0.1-1 mg kg i.p.) also markedly increased punished responding in a rat Geller-Seifter conflict test of anxiety, but had no consistent effect on unpunished responding [1].

D-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium (Disodium (R)-2-Hydroxyglutarate) 是神经代谢疾病 D-2-羟基戊二酸尿症中积累的主要代谢产物，可增加活性氧的产生。它是 α-酮戊二酸 (α-KG) 的弱竞争拮抗剂，可抑制多种α-KG 依赖性双加氧酶，Ki 为 10.87 mM。

CS 2100 (1-[[4-Ethyl-5-[5-(4-phenoxyphenyl)-1,2,4-oxadiazol-3-yl]-2-thienyl]methyl]-3-azetidinecarboxylic acid) 是口服有活性 S1P3-sparingS1P1选择性激动剂，对人 S1P1的EC50值为 4.0 nM，对 HvGR 的ID50值为 0.407 mg kg。它在大鼠体内具有免疫抑制作用。

MTP 131 acetate 是一种小的线粒体靶向四肽。

COR659 是一种有效的 GABAB 的阳性变构调节剂。COR659具有缓解大鼠对酒精和巧克力成瘾的作用。

Unifiram 是一种认知增强剂。 Unifiram 诱导大鼠海马 CA1 区场兴奋性突触后电位 (fEPSP) 幅度的持久增加 (EC50= 27 nM) 并增加大鼠大脑皮层中乙酰胆碱 (ACh) 的释放。

PAK4-IN-5 (Compound 12i) 作为一种高效的PAK4抑制剂，显示出对PAK4的极低IC50值，为7.68 nM，同时对PAK1的IC50值为1872.01 nM。该化合物通过多种相互作用有效地与PAK4结合，并能显著抑制MDA-MB-231细胞的磷酸化PAK4和LIMK1，从而抑制其增殖和迁移能力。此外，PAK4-IN-5能够引起细胞周期在G0 G1期的停滞，诱导细胞凋亡（Apoptosis）及活性氧的产生。其半致死剂量（LD50）在小鼠中为超过500 mg kg（口服）。

O-Desmethylcarvedilol (Desmethylcarvedilol) 是 Carvedilol 的活性代谢物，为一种非选择性 β-肾上腺素受体 (β-AR) 拮抗剂。该化合物能够抑制在表达瑞安诺丁受体 2 (RyR2) R4496C 突变的 HEK293 细胞中由储存超载所引发的钙释放，其 IC50 为 7.62 µM。此外，O-Desmethylcarvedilol 可以在清醒兔子中减缓心率上升，并预防 Isoproterenol 诱导的舒张压下降，ED50 分别为 32 和 5 µg kg。

4-Bromo-2,5-DMMA (Compound 2) 对5-HT2结合位点表现出亲和力，其在大鼠辨别实验中的ED50为0.82 mg kg。

Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) 是一种环境污染物，但没有急性给药毒性。在大鼠体内，Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 通过静脉注射 (50 μg kg i.v.) 或口服 (50-5000 μg kg p.o.) 的全身消除半衰期为 3-5 个月，在低剂量的多次暴露后会在肝脏和脂肪组织中累积和浓缩。重复给药后，Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin 会导致7-乙氧基异噻唑啉-O-脱乙基酶 (7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase, 7-EROD) 活性增加，以及总细胞色素P-450水平升高。

DL-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium salt 是一种 α-羟基酸，由 (R) -5-oxy-2-tetrahydrofuran 羧酸水解形成，在人类神经代谢疾病 D-α-羟基戊二酸尿症中过量产生。DL-α-Hydroxyglutaric acid disodium salt 是α-酮戊二酸 (α-KG)的拮抗剂，可抑制多种α-KG 依赖性双加氧酶。

SUN-C5174 is a sleective 5-HT2 antagonist (pA2=8.98+ -0.06). SUN C5174 showed a marked inhibitory effect on the platelet aggregation induced by serotonin in combination with collagen and adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in canine or human platelet-rich plasma

SST-02 is a potent cationic lipid for siRNA-Lipid Nanoparticles. SST-02 possesses a simple chemical structure and is synthesized just in one step. SST-02 showed an ID50 of 0.02 mg kg in the factor VII (FVII) model. Rats administered with 3 mg kg of SST-02

(E)-5-(2-Bromovinyl)uracil (BVU) is a pyrimidine base and an inactive metabolite of the antiviral agents sorivudine and (E)-5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine (BVDU) that may be regenerated to BVDU in vivo. BVU irreversibly inactivates dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPD) in an NADPH-dependent manner. It enhances the efficacy of the chemotherapeutic agent and DPD substrate 5-fluorouracil in a P388 murine leukemia model when administered at a dose of 200 μmol kg, increasing survival time.

(±)14(15)-EET is a metabolite of arachidonic acid that is formed via epoxidation of arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450.[1],[2] It prevents increases in leukotriene B4, ICAM-1, and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1 (CCL2) induced by oxidized LDL in primary rat pulmonary artery endothelial cells (RPAECs) when used at a concentration of 1 μM.[3] (±)14(15)-EET induces dilation of preconstricted isolated canine coronary arterioles (EC50 = 0.2 pM).[4] It reduces myocardial infarct size as a percentage of the area at risk in a canine model of ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) occlusion when administered at a dose of 0.128 mg kg prior to occlusion or reperfusion.[5] Reference：[1]. Chacos, N., Falck, J.R., Wixtrom, C., et al. Novel epoxides formed during the liver cytochrome P-450 oxidation of arachidonic acid. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 104(3), 916-922 (1982).[2]. Oliw, E.H., Guengerich, F.P., and Oates, J.A. Oxygenation of arachidonic acid by hepatic monooxygenases. Isolation and metabolism of four epoxide intermediates. J. Biol. Chem. 257(7), 3771-3781 (1982).[3]. Jiang, J.-X., Zhang, S.-J., Xiong, Y.-K., et al. EETs attenuate ox-LDL-induced LTB4 production and activity by inhibiting p38 MAPK phosphorylation and 5-LO BLT1 receptor expression in rat pulmonary arterial endothelial cells. PLoS One 10(6), e0128278 (2015).[4]. Oltman, C.L., Weintraub, N.L., VanRollins, M., et al. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids and dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids are potent vasodilators in the canine coronary microcirculation. Circ. Res. 83(9), 932-939 (1998).[5]. Nithipatikom, K., Moore, J.M., Isbell, M.A., et al. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in cardioprotection: Ischemic versus reperfusion injury. Am. J. Physiol. Heart Circ. Physiol. 291(2), H537-H542 (2006).

(±)11(12)-EET is a fully racemic version of the R S enantiomeric forms biosynthesized from arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450 enzymes.[1][2][3[]A higher proportion of 11(R),12(S)-EET is produced by the CYP450 isoforms CYP2C23 and CYP2C24 while CYP2B2 produces a higher proportion of 11(S),12(R)-EET.[3]11(12)-EET has been shown, along with 8(9)-EET to play a role in the recovery of depleted calcium pools in cultured smooth muscle cells[4] It also inhibits basolateral 18-pS potassium channels in the renal cortical collecting duct when used at a concentration of 100 nM.[5]11(12)-EET (50 μg kg per day) increases adhesion of isolated peripheral blood leukocytes in a chamber coated with P-selectin and ICAM-1 but does not affect choroidal neovascularization size following laser photocoagulation[6] It also has anti-inflammatory, angiogenic, and cardioprotective properties[7]

13C15-Nivalenol is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of nivalenol by GC- or LC-MS. Nivalenol is a trichothecene mycotoxin that has been found inFusarium.1It is lethal to mice (LD50= 6.9 mg kg).2Nivalenol (5, 10, and 15 mg kg) also induces thymic, splenic, and Peyer's patch cell apoptosis in mice.3 1.Yang, Z., Concannon, J., Ng, K.S., et al.Tetrandrine identified in a small molecule screen to activate mesenchymal stem cells for enhanced immunomodulationSci. Rep.630263(2016) 2.Yoshizawa, T., and Morooka, N.Studies on the toxic substances in the infected cereals (part 3): Acute toxicities of new trichothecene mycotoxins: Deoxynivalenol and its monoacetateJ. Food Hyg.15(4)261-269(1974) 3.Poapolathep, A., Ohtsuka, R., Kiatipattanasakul, W., et al.Nivalenol-induced apoptosis in thymus, spleen and Peyer's patches of miceExp. Toxicol. Pathol.53(6)441-446(2002)

4-deoxy Nivalenol-13C15is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 4-deoxy nivalenol by GC- or LC-MS. 4-deoxy Nivalenol is a trichothecene mycotoxin that has been found inFusarium.1It binds to eukaryotic ribosomes and inhibits protein synthesis in mice when administered at doses ranging from 5 to 25 mg kg. 4-deoxy Nivalenol (0.1 and 0.2 mg kg) induces emesis in pigs and decreases feed consumption in pigs when administered at a dose of 40 ppb in the diet.2It induces lethality in mice (LD50= 46-78 mg kg).34-deoxy Nivalenol has been found inF. graminearum-infected cereal grains such as wheat, barley, and corn. 1.Pestka, J.J., and Smolinski, A.T.Deoxynivalenol: Toxicology and potential effects on humansJ.Toxicol.Environ.Health B.Crit.Rev.8(1)39-69(2005) 2.Forsyth, D.M., Yoshizawa, T., Morooka, N., et al.Emetic and refusal activity of deoxynivalenol to swineAppl. Environ. Microbiol.34(5)547-552(1977) 3.Pestka, J.J.Deoxynivalenol: Mechanisms of action, human exposure, and toxicological relevanceArch. Toxicol.84(9)663-679(2010)