human whole blood

CJ-42794 (CJ-042794)是前列腺素受体 EP4的选择性拮抗剂, 抑制[3H]-PGE2与 EP4受体结合的平均 pKi 为8.5, 对 EP4选择性比 EP1, EP2和 EP3高200多倍。

Cot inhibitor-2 是一种 cot (Tpl2 MAP3K8) 抑制剂(IC50 : 1.6 nM)，具有有效性，选择性和口服活性。Cot inhibitor-2 对LPS 刺激的人全血中 TNF-α 的产生具有抑制作用，IC50 为 0.3 μM。

Loxoprofen (Koloxo) 是一种非甾体类抗炎药，具有解热作用，可用于缓解疼痛的研究。它是非选择性COX 抑制剂，对 COX-1 和 COX-2 的IC50分别为 6.5 和 13.5 μM。

Etoricoxib (MK-663) 是一种合成的非甾体抗炎药 (NSAID)，具有解热、镇痛和潜在的抗肿瘤特性。它是可口服的选择性 COX-2抑制剂，对人全血 COX-2 和 COX-1 的 IC50值分别为 1.1 和 116 μM。

Loxoprofen sodium dihydrate 是一种非甾体类口服抗炎药，具有镇痛和解热作用。Loxoprofen sodium dihydrate 显示出抗肿瘤活性，并且可减少动脉粥样硬化。Loxoprofen sodium dihydrate 是COX 的非选择性抑制剂，对 COX-1 和 COX-2 的IC50值分别为 6.5 和 13.5 μM。

Cot inhibitor-1 是一种选择性的 Cot 蛋白激酶(也被称为 Tpl2或 MAP3K8)抑制剂(IC50 为 28 nM)。Cot inhibitor-1 抑制人全血中 TNF-alpha 的产生，其 IC50 为 5.7 nM。Cot 参与多种细胞信号通路，特别是与炎症和免疫反应有关的信号通路。Cot inhibitor-1抑制 Cot 活性，可能对类风湿关节炎、炎症性肠病和某些类型的癌症具有潜在的治疗效果。

Cot inhibitor-1 hydrochloride 是肿瘤进展位点 2 激酶 (IC50 = 28 nM) 的抑制剂，可抑制人全血中 TNF-α 的产生 (IC50 = 5.7 nM)。

LM-1685是一种有效且具有选择性的人单核细胞和全血中COX-2抑制剂，IC50分别为0.65 µM 和IC50 = 4.3 μM，是治疗炎症的潜在化合物。

Tebufelone 是一种体外高效的CO 抑制剂 ，是一种新型的非甾体抗炎药（NSAID），属于二叔丁基苯酚（DTBP）类，在各种动物模型中显示出强大的抗炎、镇痛和抗网膜炎特性。Tebufelone 能有效地抑制前列腺素（PGE2）的形成，阻止大鼠巨噬细胞（IC50 = 20 microM）和人类全血（IC50 = 22 microM）中脂氧酶途径的产物[白三烯（LTB4）]的体外形成。

(S)-BI 665915 is an orally active inhibitor of oxadiazole-containing 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP)(IC50 of 1.7 nM for FLAP binding)..

AZD2906, a selective glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonist, demonstrates inhibitory concentrations (IC50s) of 2.2 nM in human GR, 0.3 nM in rat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), 41.6 nM in human whole blood, and 7.5 nM in rat whole blood, respectively[1]. Additionally, it induces an increase in micronucleated immature erythrocytes within rat bone marrow.

AZD7624 是一种 p38 抑制剂，具有强大的抗炎活性。

PF-03715455 potently inhibits LPS-induced TNFα production in human whole blood (IC50=1.7 nM). PF-03715455 is an effective inhibitor of inhaled p38 MAPK. PF-03715455 displays some selectivity for p38α over p38β (respective IC50: 0.88 and 23 nM). PF-0371545

AGU654 (Compound 44) 是一种效力强的mPGES-1选择性抑制剂，对mPGES-1的IC50值为2.9 nM。通过抑制mPGES-1，AGU654 阻断COX-1 2将花生四烯酸转化为前列腺素E2 (PGE2) 的通路，从而有效缓解炎症、疼痛及发热。在活化的人单核细胞衍生巨噬细胞和人全血模型中，AGU654 能选择性抑制细菌外毒素诱导的PGE2生成，同时不影响其他前列腺素的产生。在豚鼠模型中，它显著减轻了发热、炎症和炎症性疼痛，展现出显著的抗炎、镇痛和退热功效。AGU654 有潜力成为研究炎症性疾病和疼痛的新方法。

STAT3-IN-37 (Compound 101) 是STAT3的抑制剂，IC50值在 15 nM（通过DNA-HTRF 分析）或 2 nM（基于人全血 SOCS3 qPCR 分析）。

NLRP3-IN-60 (Compound 39) 是一种口服生物活性的NLRP3抑制剂。在THP-1细胞中抑制pyroptosis，IC50值为13 nM。在人全血中，NLRP3-IN-60 抑制IL-1β释放，IC50值为225 nM。

Phe-Pro-Arg-PABA-Resorufin is a Chromogenic and fluorogenic peptide substrate for the highly sensitive detection of proteases in biological matrices. The substrate is also applicable to the sensitive detection of the thrombin inhibitor dabigatran in human

Tpl2 kinase inhibitor is an inhibitor of tumor progression locus 2 (Tpl2; IC50= 0.05 μM).1It is selective for Tpl2 over MEK, p38 MAPK, Src, MK2, and PKC (IC50s = >40, 180, >400, 110, and >400 μM, respectively). Tpl2 kinase inhibitor inhibits LPS-induced TNF-α production in isolated human monocytes and whole blood (IC50s = 0.7 and 8.5 μM, respectively). It enhances differentiation induced by calcitriol in HL-60 and U937 leukemia cells when used at a concentration of 5 μM.2Tpl2 kinase inhibitor (5 μM) inhibits the proliferation of KG-1a leukemia cells.3 1.Garvin, L.K., Green, N., Hu, Y., et al.Inhibition of Tpl2 kinase and TNF-α production with 1,7-naphthyridine-3-carbonitriles: Synthesis and structure-activity relationshipsBioor. Med. Chem. Lett.15(23)5288-5292(2005) 2.Wang, X., and Studzinski, G.P.Expression of MAP3 kinase COT1 is up-regulated by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in parallel with activated c-jun during differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cellsJ. Steroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol.121(1-2)395-398(2010) 3.Wang, X., Gocek, E., Novik, V., et al.Inhibition of Cot1/Tlp2 oncogene in AML cells reduces ERK5 activation and up-regulates p27Kip1 concomitant with enhancement of differentiation and cell cycle arrest induced by silibinin and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3Cell Cycle9(22)4542-4551(2010)

4-hydroxy Valsartan is a major metabolite of the angiotensin II type 1 (AT1) receptor antagonist valsartan . It reduces platelet aggregation induced by epinephrine and collagen but not ADP in human whole blood.

T-5342126 is a toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) antagonist.1It reduces LPS-induced production of nitric oxide (NO) in RAW 264.7 cells (IC50= 27.8 μM), as well as decreases LPS-induced IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-6 production in isolated human whole blood (IC50s = 110.5, 315.6, and 318.4 μM, respectively). T-5342126 (82 mg kg) reduces ethanol intake and the abundance of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), a marker of microglial activation, in the central nucleus of the amygdala in ethanol-dependent mice.2 1.Chavez, S.A., Martinko, A.J., Lau, C., et al.Development of β-amino alcohol derivatives that inhibit toll-like receptor 4 mediated inflammatory response as potential antisepticsJ. Med. Chem.54(13)4659-4669(2011) 2.Bajo, M., Montgomery, S.E., Cates, L.N., et al.Evaluation of TLR4 inhibitor, T5342126, in modulation of ethanol-drinking behavior in alcohol-dependent miceAlcohol Alcohol.51(5)541-548(2016)

17(S)-HDHA is a primary mono-oxygenation product of docosahexaenoic acid in human whole blood, human leukocytes, and mouse brain. 17(S)-HDHA serves as a precursor to 17(S)-resolvins and has intrinsic biological activity, such as the inhibition of TNF-α-induced interleukin-1β expression in human glioma cells and inhibition of TNF-α-induced leukocyte trafficking to the mouse air pouch.

8-iso Prostaglandin F2β (8-iso PGF2β) is an isomer of PGF2α of non-enzymatic origin. It is one of 64 possible isomers of PGF2α which can be produced by free radical peroxidation of arachidonic acid. 8-iso PGF2β exhibits very weak contraction of human umbilical vein artery and does not promote aggregation of human whole blood. However, 8-iso PGF2β moderately contracts both the canine and porcine pulmonary vein, although the effect is much weaker than that exhibited by other isoprostanes such as 8-iso PGE1, 8-iso PGE2, or 8-iso PGF2α. 8-iso-15-keto PGF2β is a potential metabolite of 8-iso PGF2β via the 15-hydroxy PG dehydrogenase pathway. There are no published reports on the formation or biological activity of 8-iso-15-keto PGF2β.

PF8380 是有效的autotaxin 抑制剂，在体外酶实验和人类全血细胞实验中的IC50分别为 2.8 nM 和 101 nM。

CXCR2-IN-2 is a selective, brain penetrant, and orally bioavailable CXCR2 antagonist (IC50=5.2 nM 1 nM in β-arrestin assay CXCR2 Tango assay, respectively). CXCR2-IN-2 displays ~730-fold selectivity over CXCR1 and >1900-fold selectivity over all other chemokine receptors. CXCR2-IN-2 inhibits human whole blood Gro-α induced CD11b expression with an IC50 of 0.04 μM[1]. CXCR2-IN-2 (compound 68) (1-10 mg kg; p.o.; twice daily for 3 days) dose-dependently reduces neutrophil infiltration in vivo in rat and mouse air pouch models[1]. [1]. Lu H, et al. Discovery of Novel 1-Cyclopentenyl-3-phenylureas as Selective, Brain Penetrant, and Orally Bioavailable CXCR2 Antagonists. J Med Chem. 2018;61(6):2518-2532.