equine

EIDD-1931 (Beta-d-N4-hydroxycytidine) 是一种核苷类抗病毒试剂 ，可抑制丙型肝炎病毒、基孔肯亚病毒和委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒的复制活性。

β-Endorphin, equine TFA，是具备强效亲和力于μ和δ阿片受体(μ δ opioid receptors)的内源性阿片类多肽，主要功能包括止痛。

β-Endorphin, equine (TFA) is an endogenous opioid peptide, which binds at high affinity to both μ/δ opioid receptors.

Endorphin Beta is A substance produced in the brain, especially in the pituitary gland, Endorphin Beta blocks the sensation of pain. Endorphin Beta is produced in response to pain, exercise, and other forms of stress. Endorphin Beta belongs to a group of

Diclazuril (R-64433) 是一种具有口服活性的抗球虫剂，是苯乙腈衍生物。它可用于某些传染病和寄生虫病的相关研究。

Flumequine (R-802) 是一种喹诺酮类抗生素，对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌均有效。它是拓扑异构酶 II 抑制剂， 抑制细胞分裂，IC50值为 15 μM (3.92 μg mL)。

Flumequine-13C3is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of flumequine by GC- or LC-MS. Flumequine is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic.1It is active againstS. aureus, S. pyogenes, B. subtilis, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, S. faecalis, andK. pneumoniae(MICs = 1-100 μg ml). Flumequine is also active against field isolates of B. hyodysenteriae (MICs = 6.25-200 μg ml).2It inhibits DNA gyrase, disrupting supercoiling of bacterial DNA to block transcription and replication.3In vivo, flumequine (50 mg kg) increases survival in rat models ofP. vulgaris-induced urinary tract infection andP. mirabilis-induced prostatitis.1Formulations containing flumequine have been used in the treatment of urinary tract infections in veterinary medicine. 1.Rohlfing, S.R., Gerster, J.R., and Kvam, D.C.Bioevaluation of the antibacterial flumequine for urinary tract useAntimicrob. Agents Chemother.10(1)20-24(1976) 2.Aller-Morán, L.M., Martínez-Lobo, F.J., Rubio, P., et al.Evaluation of the in vitro activity of flumequine against field isolates of Brachyspira hyodysenteriaeRes. Vet. Sci.10351-53(2015) 3.Smith, J.T.The mode of action of 4-quinolones and possible mechanisms of resistanceJ. Antimicrob. Chemother.18 (Suppl. D)21-29(1986)

Hydrocortisone (Cortisol) 是一种糖皮质激素，由肾上腺素皮质分泌。Hydrocortisone 激动糖皮质激素受体，可促进蛋白质分解代谢、糖异生、毛细血管壁稳定性、肾脏钙排泄，并抑制免疫和炎症反应。

Temechine hydrobromide is used for the identification of new diterpenoidal alkaloid leads as tyrosinase inhibitors.

Anavenol (2-(naphthalen-2-yloxy)ethanol) 是一种马麻醉剂。

nsP2 Protease-IN-1 是一种针对 Chikungunya (CHIKV) 病毒nsP2半胱氨酸蛋白酶的高效不可逆共价抑制剂，IC50为60 nM。该化合物具有出色的抗阿尔法病毒活性，能够有效抑制 CHIKV 和 VEEV 的病毒复制，其 EC50 值分别为0.01 µM 和 0.3 µM。

AAK1-IN-6 (化合物 23) 是一种针对 AP-2 相关蛋白激酶 1 (AAK1, IC50= 12 nM) 的抑制剂，对登革病毒 (DNEV2, EC50= 0.24 μM) 和委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒 (VEEV, EC50= 0.30 μM) 展现出抗病毒活性。AAK1-IN-6 适用于抗病毒研究。

ML-336 是一种喹唑啉酮类的委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒 (VEEV) 抑制剂，其VEEV TC-83 CPE(IC50:32 nM)、VEEV V3526 CPE(IC50:20 nM)、VEEV 野生型 CPE (IC50:42 nM)，有效抑制 VEEV 诱导的三种病毒株 (V3526、TC-83和野生型) 细胞病变效应。

NHC-diphosphate is an active phosphorylated intracellular metabolite of β-d-N4-Hydroxycytidine (NHC) as a diphosphate form[1]. NHC is a pyrimidine ribonucleoside and behaves as a potent anti-virus agent. NHC effectively inhibits the replication of venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV)[1]. Huh-7 cells are incubated with (10-50 μM; 4 h) NHC or a McGuigan phosphoramidate prodrug of NHC.Intracellular levels of the parental compounds and phosphorylated metabolites are measured using LC-MS MS. Small amounts of NHC-monophosphate (MP) and NHC-diphosphate can be observed, while NHC-triphosphate remains the most abundant metabolite.[1].

11-trans Leukotriene C4 (11-trans LTC4) is a C-11 double bond isomer of LTC4. LTC4 undergoes slow temperature-dependent isomerization to 11-trans LTC4 during storage. 11-trans LTC4 is produced in smaller amounts relative to LTC4 in ionophore-stimulated HMC-1 cells (a human mast cell line) and equine eosinophils, but not in human neutrophils or RBL-1 cells. It is nearly equipotent with LTC4 for contraction of guinea pig parenchymal and ileum. In a radioligand binding assay using guinea pig ileum as a cysteinyl leukotriene receptor preparation, the pKis for LTC4 and 11-trans LTC4 were determined to be 6.42 and 6.58, respectively.

STING agonist C11 is an agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway.1 It induces secretion of type I IFN from THF and MM6 cells when used at a concentration of 50 μM. STING agonist C11 induces phosphorylation of IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and increases expression of IFIT1 and viperin, but not IL-1β, IL-6, or IL-8 in THF cells in a STING-dependent manner. It reduces viral titers of chikungunya, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, o'nyong-nyong, Mayaro, and Ross River viruses grown in THF cells (EC90s = 16.44, 16.7, 18.84, 25.19, and 22.57 μM, respectively), an effect that is dependent on the presence of STING and the IFN-α β receptor (IFNAR).References1. Gall, B., Pryke, K., Abraham, J., et al. Emerging alphaviruses are sensitive to cellular states induced by a novel small-molecule agonist of the STING pathway. J. Virol. 92(6), e01913-01917 (2018). STING agonist C11 is an agonist of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway.1 It induces secretion of type I IFN from THF and MM6 cells when used at a concentration of 50 μM. STING agonist C11 induces phosphorylation of IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) and increases expression of IFIT1 and viperin, but not IL-1β, IL-6, or IL-8 in THF cells in a STING-dependent manner. It reduces viral titers of chikungunya, Venezuelan equine encephalitis, o'nyong-nyong, Mayaro, and Ross River viruses grown in THF cells (EC90s = 16.44, 16.7, 18.84, 25.19, and 22.57 μM, respectively), an effect that is dependent on the presence of STING and the IFN-α β receptor (IFNAR). References1. Gall, B., Pryke, K., Abraham, J., et al. Emerging alphaviruses are sensitive to cellular states induced by a novel small-molecule agonist of the STING pathway. J. Virol. 92(6), e01913-01917 (2018).

Multitarget AD inhibitor-1 is a reversible and selective inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) with IC50 values of 7.22 μM and 1.55 μM for human BuChE (hBuChE) and equine serum BuChE (eqBuChE), respectively. Additionally, it exhibits inhibitory activity towards β-secretase (IC50 value of 41.60 μM), amyloid β aggregation (IC50 value of 3.09 μM), and tau aggregation. As a diphenylpropylamine derivative, Multitarget AD inhibitor-1 holds promise for research pertaining to the multifunctional, disease-modifying treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

AChE BChE-IN-3 (BMC-1) 是AChE 和BChE 的双重抑制剂，对电鳗 AChE (elAChE) 的IC50值为 6.08 μM ，对马血清 BChE (eqBChE) 的IC50值为 0.383 μM。

AChE BChE-IN-3 (BMC-1) hydrochloride 是 AChE 和 BChE 的双重抑制剂。AChE BChE-IN-3 对马血清 BChE (eqBChE) 和电鳗 AChE (elAChE) 的 IC50值分别为 0.383 μM 和 6.08 μM。

Z164597606 is a compound that acts as a selective inhibitor of the enzyme Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), with IC50 values of 1.3 μM and 1.7 μM for equine BChE and human BChE, respectively. Through a π-π stacking interaction, Z164597606 specifically interacts with the amino acid Trp82 of human BChE. This compound has potential applications in Alzheimer's disease research [1] [2].

AChE BChE-IN-8 (Compound 5a) 是非竞争性AChE 抑制剂和混合型BChE 抑制剂。AChE BChE-IN-8抑制电鳗 AChE (EeAChE) 和马 BChE (eqBChE) 的Ki 值分别为 0.788 μM 和 2.364 μM。AChE BChE-IN-8 具有血脑屏障通透性和低细胞毒性。

AChE-IN-14 是一种有效的胆碱酯酶抑制剂，能够作用于电鳗乙酰胆碱酯酶 (eeAChE) (IC50: 0.46 μM)、人重组乙酰胆碱酯酶 (hAChE) (IC50: 0.48 μM) 和马血清丁酰胆碱酯酶 (eqBuChE) (IC50: 0.44 μM)。AChE-IN-14 对人 H3 受体 (H3R) 的亲和力高 (Ki: 159.8 nM)。AChE-IN-14 能够用于研究阿尔茨海默病。

Encephalitic alphavirus-IN-1 能够抑制委内瑞拉马脑炎病毒 (VEEV) (EC50: 0.24 μM)和东部马脑炎病毒 (EEEV) (EC50: 0.16 μM)的活性。Encephalitic alphavirus-IN-1 没有明显的细胞毒性，而且表现出较强的小鼠血浆稳定性。

Phenylbutazone-d9 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of phenylbutazone by GC- or LC-MS. Phenylbutazone is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and an inhibitor of the peroxidase activity of COX (IC50 = ~100 µM in the presence of hydrogen peroxide). It also inhibits prostaglandin I synthase (IC50 = ~25 µM in the presence of hydrogen peroxide). Phenylbutazone (2 mg kg) reduces increases in type II collagen levels in the inflamed joints of an equine model of LPS-induced acute synovitis. Formulations containing phenylbutazone have been used in the treatment of lameness in horses.