Avibactam free acid is a potent β-lactamase inhibitor exhibiting covalent and reversible properties, capable of inhibiting TEM-1, P99, and CTX-M-15 at nanomolar concentrations. Avibactam free acid and Ceftazidime may be combined for treating urinary tract infections.
Finafloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antimicrobial agent from a new 8-cyano subclass, is most effective in slightly acidic environments (pH 5.0-6.0), a condition where other fluoroquinolones typically reduce in activity. It selectively targets bacterial type II topoisomerases, such as DNA gyrase and DNA topoisomerase IV, making it suitable for treating serious bacterial infections particularly in acidic contexts, including urinary tract infections (UTIs) and Helicobacter pylori infections.