D-mannoheptose is the main non-structural carbohydrate in avocado. D-mannoheptose is a specific inhibitor of D-glucose phosphorylation. D-mannoheptose can prevent the release of insulin and the utilization of carbohydrates in rats.
D-Sedoheptulose 7-phosphate is a common precursor of heptaic acid (group III) and the heptasaccharide of hygromycin B (group IV). This compound can be converted to NDP-heptose via similar biosynthetic pathways present in these substances.
Peroxidation of common ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) such as linoleic acid, DGLA, and arachidonic acid can give rise to 4-HNE. 4-HNE is cleared rapidly from the plasma and undergoes enterohepatic circulation as a glutathione conjugate in the rat. About two thirds of an administered dose of 4-HNE is excreted within 48 hours in the urine, primarily in the form of mercapturic acid conjugates. The C-1 aldehyde of 4-HNE is reduced to an alcohol in about half of these metabolites. The remainder are C-1 aldehydes or have been oxidized to C-1 carboxylic acids. These aldehydes and carboxylic acids can also form γ-lactols and γ-lactones, respectively, producing at least 4 or 5 end urinary metabolites of 4-HNE in vivo.
Atrazine mercapturate is a major, glutathione-derived metabolite of atrazine , an herbicide that is effective in controlling a broad range of weeds. Atrazine has been reported to cause cancer in certain laboratory animals, have diverse effects on the reproductive system in animals and humans, and disrupt the normal function of the endocrine system. Atrazine mercapturate is readily measured in urine samples.
D-Sedoheptulose-7-phosphate is an intermediate in the pentose phosphate pathway. [1] [2] In this pathway, transaldolase catalyzes the transfer of a three carbon dihydroxyacetone moiety from D-sedoheptulose-7-phosphate to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate to generate D-fructose-6-phosphate . D-Sedoheptulose-7-phosphate is also an intermediate in carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, as well as in the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharide, amino acids, secondary metabolites, and antibiotics. [3]