learning impairment

Paeoniflorin (Peoniflorin) 是从芍药根中提取的一种蒎烷单萜糖苷，具有抗癌作用、抗氧化应激、抗血小板聚集、血管扩张、降低血液粘度和抗炎活性等多种生物活性。它是一种热休克蛋白诱导剂，通过自噬途径保护 PC12 细胞免受 MPP+和酸性损伤。

Unifiram 是一种认知增强剂。 Unifiram 诱导大鼠海马 CA1 区场兴奋性突触后电位 (fEPSP) 幅度的持久增加 (EC50= 27 nM) 并增加大鼠大脑皮层中乙酰胆碱 (ACh) 的释放。

H-89 是一种具有选择性和高效性的蛋白激酶 A 抑制剂（IC50：48 nM），是一种候选的心脏保护剂，可诱导大鼠的空间学习障碍，可用于研究心肌梗死。

(R)-(-)-α-Methylhistamine dihydrobromide 是一种高效、选择性且可透过血脑屏障的 H3 组胺受体激动剂，具有较高受体亲和力，能够增强记忆保持并减轻大鼠模型中的认知障碍，是研究中枢组胺能信号及 H3 受体介导的学习和记忆调控的重要药理学探针。

Scopolamine 是一种高亲和力（nM 级别）的毒蕈碱（muscarinic）拮抗剂，能够可逆抑制 5-HT₃ 受体反应（IC₅₀ = 2.09 μM），常用于诱导阿尔茨海默症或记忆障碍动物模型。

Tebuconazole-D9 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of tebuconazole by GC- or LC-MS. Tebuconazole (T17022) is a triazole fungicide that is active against both seed and foliar fungi. It inhibits 14α-demethylase isolated from U. maydis and S. bicolor with IC50 values of 0.05 and 0.16 nM,respectively. It inhibits the androgenic effect of the androgen receptor agonist DHT (IC20 = 2.89 µM)and is cytotoxic (EC20 = 38.9 µM)in an MDA-kb2 assay. Tebuconazole (T17022) (50 and 100 mg/kg per day)administered during gestation reduces testosterone levels and increases testicular levels of progesterone and 17α-hydroxyprogesterone in male rat fetuses. It has a feminizing effect on male pups and a virializing effect on female pups. When administered to rats gestationally through postnatal day 42,tebuconazole (20 and 60 mg/kg per day)leads to cell death of pyramidal cells in the CA3-4 region of the hippocampus and layer V of the cortex concomitant with impairment in learning......