k 41

K 41 is a polycyclic polyether antibiotic from Streptomyces hygroscopicus.

PI3K-IN-41（compound 2）是一种具抗癌特性的光笼PI3K抑制剂（IC50=18.92 nM），适用于精确控制的癌症治疗。在紫外线照射下，PI3K-IN-41能有效抑制PI3K活性，并增强其抗癌效果。

K 41498 是一种针对皮质酮释放因子受体2α（CRF2α）和CRF2β的肽拮抗剂，其在表达人类受体的HEK293细胞中的Ki值分别为0.66和0.62 nM。它对CRF2α和CRF2β具有选择性，与CRF1相比（在表达人类受体的HEK293细胞中Ki值为425 nM）。K 41498 (1.84 µg/动物, 静脉注射) 能够阻止大鼠由于尿催肾上腺皮质激素引发的低血压。通过脊髓内给药，K 41498 (0.075-0.5 µmol/动物) 能降低完全弗氏佐剂引起的大鼠模型中机械性爪撤回阈值。

MK 410 is an indomethacin analogue and anti-inflammatory agent that induces changes in the immune system by inhibiting plasma neutral protease activity.

K41498 acetate 是 antisauvagine-30 的类似物，可抑制 suvagine 刺激的 cAMP 在表达 hCRF2α 和 hCRF2β 的细胞中的积累。 K41498 acetate 是一种有效且高度选择性的 CRF2 受体拮抗剂，对人 CRF2α、CRF2β 和 CRF1 受体的 Ki 值分别为 0.66 nM、0.62 nM 和 425 nM。

DK419 是一种具有口服活性的 Wnt β-catenin 信号通路抑制剂，IC50 为 0.19 μM。 DK419 降低 Axin2、β-catenin、c-Myc、Cyclin D1 和 Survivin 的蛋白质水平。它还诱导 pAMPK 的产生。

TAK-418 是一种选择性、口服活性 LSD1 KDM1A 酶抑制剂，IC50 为 2.9 nM。TAK-418 能解锁异常表观遗传机制，改善神经发育障碍模型中的自闭症症状。

GSK4112 (SR6452) 是一种 Rev-erbα 激动剂，EC50 为 0.4 μM。它也是一种用于核血红素受体 Rev-erbα 的细胞生物学的小分子化学探针。

STK414603 是一种杂环乙酰胺衍生物，具有潜在的镇痛、抗炎和抗菌活性。

MK-4101 是一种 SMO 拮抗剂 ，对 293 细胞的 IC50为 1.1 µM。它也是一种 hedgehog 信号通路的有效抑制剂 ，对小鼠细胞和KYSE180 食管癌细胞的IC50分别为 1.5 µM 和 1 µM。它能抗肿瘤，抑制肿瘤细胞增殖并诱导细胞凋亡。

Potent and highly selective CRF2 receptor antagonist (Ki values are 0.66, 0.62 and 425 nM for human CRF2α, CRF2β and CRF1 receptors respectively). Inhibits sauvagine-stimulated cAMP accumulation in hCRF2α- and hCRF2β-expressing cells. In rats in vivo, blo

UK-414,495 is a potent, selective inhibitor of the neutral endopeptidase, the enzyme normally serves to break down the neuropeptide VIP.

K41498 TFA 是一种强选择性的CRF2 receptor 拮抗剂，其对人 CRF2α、CRF2β和 CRF1受体的Ki 值分别为 0.66 nM、0.62 nM 和425 nM。K41498 TFA 是 antisauvagine-30 (aSvg-30) 的类似物，可抑制 sauvagine 刺激的 cAMP 在 hCRF2α hCRF2β表达细胞中的积累。K41498 可用于低血压研究。

Vicriviroc, also known as MK4176 is a CCR5 antagonist.

Relacatib (SB-462795) is a novel, potent, and orally active inhibitor of human cathepsins K, L, and V. It exhibits high affinity for these enzymes, with Ki values of 41 pM, 68 pM, and 53 pM, respectively. Moreover, Relacatib effectively inhibits endogenous cathepsin K in situ in human osteoclasts, as well as human osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, with IC 50 values of 45 nM and 70 nM, respectively. Additionally, in vitro studies demonstrate Relacatib's inhibitory effect on bone resorption in human tissue, while in vivo studies on cynomolgus monkeys further validate its efficacy in reducing bone resorption.

Ajoene is a disulfide that has been found inA. sativumand has diverse biological activities, including antibacterial, anticancer, antiplatelet, and antioxidant properties.1,2,3,4It is active against Gram-positive (MICs = 5-160 µg ml) and Gram-negative bacteria (MICs = 136-200 µg ml), as well as yeasts (MICs = 10-20 µg ml).1Ajoene is cytotoxic to mouse melanoma cells (IC50= 18 µM), as well as human colon, lung, mammary, and pancreatic cancer cells (IC50s = 7-41 µM).2It reduces tumor growth in a B16 BL6 mouse model of melanoma when administered at a dose of 25 mg kg every other day and decreases the number of lung metastases when administered prior to tumor cell inoculation at doses ranging from 1-25 mg kg. It inhibits ADP- or collagen-induced platelet aggregation in isolated baboon platelets when used at concentrations ranging from 75 to 150 µg ml and in platelet-rich plasma isolated from baboons when administered at a dose of 25 mg kg.3Ajoene (25 mg kg) prevents thrombus formation on damaged arterial walls in heparinized pigs in anin situmodel of thrombogenesis.5It also reduces high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis, histopathological markers of liver damage, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) formation, and protein oxidation in a mouse model of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).4 1.Naganawa, R., Iwata, N., Ishikawa, K., et al.Inhibition of microbial growth by ajoene, a sulfur-containing compound derived from garlicAppl. Environ. Microbiol.62(11)4238-4242(1996) 2.Taylor, P., Noriega, R., Farah, C., et al.Ajoene inhibits both primary tumor growth and metastasis of B16 BL6 melanoma cells in C57BL 6 miceCancer Lett.239(2)298-304(2006) 3.Teranishi, K., Apitz-Castro, R., Robson, S.C., et al.Inhibition of baboon platelet aggregation in vitro and in vivo by the garlic derivative, ajoeneXenotransplantation10(4)374-379(2003) 4.Han, C.Y., Ki, S.H., Kim, Y.W., et al.Ajoene, a stable garlic by-product, inhibits high fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis and oxidative injury through LKB1-dependent AMPK activationAntioxid. Redox Signal.14(2)187-202(2011) 5.Apitz-Castro, R., Badimon, J.J., and Badimon, L.A garlic derivative, ajoene, inhibits platelet deposition on severely damaged vessel wall in an in vivo porcine experimental modelThromb. Res.75(3)243-249(1994)

α-Helical CRF(9-41) TFA 是一种竞争性 CRF2受体拮抗剂，KB 约为 100 nM。α-Helical CRF(9-41) TFA 也是一种 CRF1受体的部分激动剂，EC50为 140 nM。

8(R),9(S)-EET，一种Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid的异构体，通过胞质环氧水解酶 (CEH) 的催化作用生成，其亲和力Km值为41μM。

Enpp-1-IN-12 (化合物 43) 是一种有效和具有口服活性的外核苷酸焦磷酸酶 磷酸二酯酶 1 (ENPP1) 抑制剂，Ki 值 41 nM。Enpp-1-IN-12 具有抗肿瘤活性。

Stressin I (Cyclo(31-34)[DPhe12,Nle21,38,Glu31,Lys34]Ac-hCRF(4-41)) TFA，作为CRF1受体选择性激动剂，具有1.7 nM的Ki值。该化合物能够促使大鼠促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)水平提升。

CVN293 是一种选择性透过血脑屏障的钾离子 (K+) 通道 KCNK13 抑制剂，对 hKCNK13 和 mKCNK13 的 IC50 值分别为 41 nM 和 28 nM，有效抑制小胶质细胞中 NLRP3 炎症小体介导的促炎细胞因子 IL-1β 的产生。