Aureothricin, a dithiolopyrrolone (DTP) antibiotic originally derived from Streptomyces, demonstrates a broad-spectrum of antibacterial effectiveness. Additionally, it inhibits the adhesion of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to vitronectin[1].
Pyranonigrin A is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from Aspergillus that has antioxidant activity. It scavenges 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH;) free radicals in a cell-free assay (IC50 = 132.9 μM). Pyranonigrin A (10 μM) suppresses TNF-α-induced expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).
(+)-Macrosphelide A is a fungal metabolite originally isolated from Microsphaeropsis. It inhibits adhesion of HL-60 human leukemia cells to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a concentration-dependent manner. It also inhibits the growth of SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner. (+)-Macrosphelide A inhibits the growth of Gram-positive bacteria, including B. subtilis, M. luteus, B. thuringiensis, and S. aureus (MICs = 143, 143, 57, and 57 μg/ml, respectively), but not Gram-negative bacteria or fungi.
Jolkinolide A has anti-tumor activity. It inhibited VEGF expression in A549 cells through the inhibition of the Akt-STAT3-mTOR signaling pathway, and directly inhibited the proliferation and migration of HUVECs.
Cyanidin-3-O-arabinoside chloride has antioxidant activity. It reduces the peroxynitrite-induced suppression of mitochondrial respiration, DNA damage, PARS activation and vascular dysfunction in HUVECs.