hsl-in-1

HSL-IN-1 是一种具有口服活性和高效性的激素敏感脂肪酶 (HSL) 抑制剂 ，显著降低了活性代谢物负荷，能减少储存脂肪中游离脂肪酸的释放。

N-Butanoyl-L-homoserine lactone 是一种可降解的ADClinker，用于抗体偶联药物的合成。它可用于抗菌生物膜，具有抗菌活性。它的适配体抑制铜绿假单胞菌生物膜的形成，可用于阻止群体感应。

N-3-oxo-dodecanoyl-L-Homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C12-HSL) 是由铜绿假单胞菌和洋葱状芽孢杆菌复合物菌株产生的细菌群体感应信号分子，群体感应是细菌用来控制基因表达以响应细胞密度增加的调节系统。N-3-oxo-dodecanoyl-L-Homoserine lactone 诱导 16HBE 人支气管上皮细胞产生 IL-8。

3-Oxo-C16:1-HSL (3oxoC16:1Δ11cis(L)HSL) 是一种来自铜绿假单胞菌的 N-酰基-高丝氨酸内酯，可抑制葡萄曲霉的致病菌株在葡萄上引起冠瘿，可用于研究生物传感器。

N-3-oxo-tetradecanoyl-L-Homoserine lactone（3-oxo-C14-HSL）是一种小分子、可扩散的酰基高丝氨酸内酯信号分子，通过响应细胞密度协同调控 LuxIR 家族转录调节因子参与细菌群体感应。在生物膜形成过程中，该分子较短链 AHL 出现更晚，可刺激 putisolvin 生成并最终抑制生物膜形成。N-3-oxo-tetradecanoyl-L-Homoserine lactone 为研究细菌通讯、代谢及抗毒力策略提供了重要的分子工具。

Quorum sensing is a regulatory process used by bacteria for controlling gene expression in response to increasing cell density.[1] This regulatory process manifests itself with a variety of phenotypes including biofilm formation and virulence factor production.[2] Coordinated gene expression is achieved by the production, release, and detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. The N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise one such class of autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled with homoserine lactone (HSL). AHLs vary in acyl group length (C4-C18), in the substitution of C3 (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group) and in the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signal specificity through the affinity of transcriptional regulators of the LuxR family.[3] C16:1-Δ9-(L)-HSL is a long-chain AHL that functions as a quorum sensing signaling molecule in strains of S. meliloti.[4],[5],[6],[7] Regulating bacterial quorum sensing signaling can be used to inhibit pathogenesis and thus, represents a new approach to antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of infectious diseases.[8] Reference：[1]. González, J.E., and Keshavan, N.D. Messing with bacterial quorum sensing. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 70(4), 859-875 (2006).[2]. Gould, T.A., Herman, J., Krank, J., et al. Specificity of acyl-homoserine lactone syntheses examined by mass spectrometry. J. Bacteriol. 188(2), 773-783 (2006).[3]. Penalver, C.G.N., Morin, D., Cantet, F., et al. Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 produces a novel type of acyl-homoserine lactone with a double unsaturated side chain under methylotrophic growth conditions. FEBS Lett. 580(2), 561-567 (2006).[4]. Teplitski, M., Eberhard, A., Gronquist, M.R., et al. Chemical identification of N-acyl homoserine lactone quorum-sensing signals produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti strains in defined medium. Archives of Microbiology 180, 494-497 (2003).[5]. Gao, M., Chen, H., Eberhard, A., et al. sinI- and expR-dependent quorum sensing in Sinorhizobium meliloti. Journal of Bacteriology 187(23), 7931-7944 (2005).[6]. Marketon, M.M., Glenn, S.A., Eberhard, A., et al. Quorum sensing controls exopolysaccharide production in Sinorhizobium meliloti. Journal of Bacteriology 185(1), 325-331 (2003).[7]. Marketon, M., Gronquist, M.R., Eberhard, A., et al. Characterization of the Sinorhizobium meliloti sinR/sinI locus and the production of novel N-Acyl homoserine lactones. Journal of Bacteriology 184(20), 5686-5695 (2002).[8]. Cegelski, L., Marshall, G.R., Eldridge, G.R., et al. The biology and future prospects of antivirulence therapies. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 6(1), 17-27 (2008).

Quorum sensing is a regulatory process used by bacteria for controlling gene expression in response to increasing cell density. This regulatory process manifests itself with a variety of phenotypes including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved by the production, release, and detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. The N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise one such class of autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled with homoserine lactone (HSL). AHLs vary in acyl group length (C4-C18), in the substitution of C3 (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group) and in the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signal specificity through the affinity of transcriptional regulators of the LuxR family. C18:1-δ9 cis-(L)-HSL is a long-chain AHL that may have antimicrobial activity and thus, might be used to inhibit pathogenesis by regulating bacerial quorum sensing signaling.

Quorum sensing is a regulatory process used by bacteria for controlling gene expression in response to increasing cell density. This regulatory process manifests itself with a variety of phenotypes including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved by the production, release, and detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. The N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise one such class of autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled with homoserine lactone (HSL). AHLs vary in acyl group length (C4-C18), in the substitution of C3 (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group) and in the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signal specificity through the affinity of transcriptional regulators of the LuxR family. C14:1-δ9-cis-(L)-HSL is a long-chain AHL that functions as a signaling molecule in the quorum sensing of A. vitis. Regulating bacterial quorum sensing signaling can be used to inhibit pathogenesis and thus, represents a new approach to antimicrobial therpy in the treatment of infectious diseases.

Quorum sensing is a regulatory system used by bacteria for controlling gene expression in response to increasing cell density.[1] This regulatory process manifests itself with a variety of phenotypes including biofilm formation and virulence factor production.[2] Coordinated gene expression is achieved by the production, release, and detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. The N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise one such class of autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled with homoserine lactone (HSL). Regulation of bacterial quorum sensing signaling systems to inhibit pathogenesis represents a new approach to antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of infectious diseases.[3] AHLs vary in acyl group length (C4-C18), in the substitution of C3 (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group), and in the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signal specificity through the affinity of transcriptional regulators of the LuxR family.[4] C16-HSL is one of a number of lipophilic, long acyl side-chain bearing AHLs, including its monounsaturated analog C16:1-(L)-HSL, produced by the LuxI AHL synthase homolog SinI involved in quorum-sensing signaling in S. meliloti, a nitrogen-fixing bacterial symbiont of certain legumes.[5],[6] C16-HSL is the most abundant AHL produced by the proteobacterium R. capsulatus and activates genetic exchange between R. capsulatus cells.[7] N-Hexadecanoyl-L-homoserine lactone and other hydrophobic AHLs tend to localize in relatively lipophilic cellular environments of bacteria and cannot diffuse freely through the cell membrane. The long-chain N-acylhomoserine lactones may be exported from cells by efflux pumps or may be transported between communicating cells by way of extracellular outer membrane vesicles.[8],[9]Reference:[1]. González, J.E., and Keshavan, N.D. Messing with bacterial quorum sensing Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 70(4), 859-875 (2006).[2]. Gould, T.A., Herman, J., Krank, J., et al. Specificity of acyl-homoserine lactone syntheses examined by mass spectrometry Journal of Bacteriology 188(2), 773-783 (2006).[3]. Cegelski, L., Marshall, G.R., Eldridge, G.R., et al. The biology and future prospects of antivirulence therapies Nature Reviews.Microbiology 6(1), 17-27 (2008).[4]. Penalver, C.G.N., Morin, D., Cantet, F., et al. Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 produces a novel type of acyl-homoserine lactone with a double unsaturated side chain under methylotrophic growth conditions FEBS Letters 580, 561-567 (2006).[5]. Gao, M., Chen, H., Eberhard, A., et al. sinI- and expR-dependent quorum sensing in Sinorhizobium meliloti Journal of Bacteriology 187(23), 7931-7944 (2005).[6]. Teplitski, M., Eberhard, A., Gronquist, M.R., et al. Chemical identification of N-acyl homoserine lactone quorum-sensing signals produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti strains in defined medium Archives of Microbiology 180, 494-497 (2003).[7]. Schaefer, A.L., Taylor, T.A., Beatty, J.T., et al. Long-chain acyl-homoserine lactone quorum-sensing regulation of Rhodobacter capsulatus gene transfer agent production Journal of Bacteriology 184(23), 6515-6521 (2002).[8]. Pearson, J.P., Van Delden, C., and Iglewski, B.H. Active efflux and diffusion are involved in transport of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cell-to-cell signals Journal of Bacteriology 181(4), 1203-1210 (1999).[9]. Mashburn-Warren, L., and Whiteley, M. Special delivery: Vesicle trafficking in prokaryotes Molecular Microbiology 61(4), 839-846 (2006).

N-tetradecanoyl-L-Homoserine lactone是一种长链的N-酰基高丝氨酸内酯 (AHL)和细菌群体感应信号分子，能够促进硅藻的生长，上调参与细胞内信号传导的基因。

Aculene D, 一种真菌代谢物，针对Chromobacterium violaceum CV026表现出群体感应(QS)抑制活性。该化合物能在亚抑制浓度下，显著削减由N-己酰基-l-高丝氨酸内酯(C6-HSL)触发的C. violaceum CV026培养物中紫罗兰素的产生。

N-(3-Oxodecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone（3-Oxo-C10-HSL）是一种关键的细菌信号分子，作为群体感应（quorum sensing）中的自身诱导物发挥作用。其以浓度依赖的方式调控细菌基因表达、毒力因子产生、生物被膜形成及群体协同行为。N-(3-Oxodecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone 是研究细菌通讯机制、病原体毒力调控以及抗感染靶点筛选的重要分子工具。

Δ7(Z)-C14-HSL (Compound 12) 作为一种免疫抑制剂，具有抑制小鼠脾细胞增殖的IC50为17 μM的功能。此化合物被视为研究TNF-R驱动型免疫疾病（例如银屑病、类风湿性关节炎和1型糖尿病等自身免疫性疾病）的分子作用机制的有力工具。

N-(3-Oxobutanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C4-HSL) 是一种自调节因子，参与胡萝卜软腐欧文氏菌 ATCC 39048 中碳青霉烯类抗生素的生物合成。此外，它还能诱导 R. leguminosarum 中 rhiI 基因的表达。

Quorum sensing-IN-7 (compound HSL 4) 作为一种群体感应 (QS) 抑制剂,具有显著的效果.该化合物通过与 CviR 蛋白的结合口袋中的 Leu 72 和 Gln 95 相互作用,显示出其活性.此外,Quorum sensing-IN-7 作为抗菌剂,在 0.25-1 mg/mL 的浓度范围内,能有效抑制 C. violaceum 中的高丝氨酸内酯 (HSLs) 以及生物膜的形成.