ferritin

Ferric maltol (Iron(III) 2-methyl-4-oxo-4H-pyran-3-olate) 是一种具有口服活性的单一铁离子 (Fe3+) 复合物，可用于研究炎症性肠病缺铁性贫血。

Ferritin is a protein of 450 kDa consisting of 24 subunits that is present in every cell type. Invertebrates, these subunits are both the light (L) and the heavy (H) type with an apparent molecular weight of 19 kDA or 21 kDA respectively. The ferritin fou

Protoporphyrin IX (PPIX) 是一种四吡咯，是血红素、细胞色素 c 和叶绿素的代谢前体。Protoporphyrin IX 具有改善肝脏机能、促进细胞组织呼吸、改善蛋白质和糖代谢、抗补体结合等作用。

Ammonium iron(III) citrate (Ferric ammonium citrate) 是一种非运铁蛋白结合的铁的生理形式，会引起的细胞内铁超负荷从而导致细胞铁死亡，能增强蛋白质产生。

Aminoacetone hydrochloride(1-Aminoacetone Hydrochloride) 是铁蛋白和分离线粒体的促氧化剂，诱导铁蛋白铁环酶和铁摄取活性的损失。

NA-Ir 作为一种有效的铁死亡 (Ferroptosis) 诱导剂，通过影响线粒体 DNA (mtDNA) 并激活 cGAS-STING 通路来推进铁蛋白自噬，同时依靠光动力疗法 (PDT) 产生活性氧 (ROS)，耗尽谷胱甘肽 (GSH)，并降低谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4 (GPX4) 的活性。这一系列作用促使脂质过氧化和铁死亡 (Ferroptosis) 的发生。此外，NA-Ir 在受光条件下对癌细胞展示出较强的抗癌效果，并对富含 H2S 的癌细胞显示出特异性的抑制作用。

Ap44mSe is a potent and selective antitumor agent. Ap44mSe effectively depletes cellular Fe, resulting in transferrin receptor-1 up-regulation, ferritin down-regulation, and increased expression of the potent metastasis suppressor, N-myc downstream regula

Azelaoyl PAF是一种强效的PPARγ激动剂，能够竞争性地结合噻唑烷二酮类药物，与罗格列酮（rosiglitazone）的效力相当。​在动脉粥样硬化研究中，Azelaoyl PAF通过上调CD36的表达，促进巨噬细胞对氧化低密度脂蛋白（oxLDL）的摄取。在Friedreich's ataxia（FRDA）患者的成纤维细胞中，Azelaoyl PAF显著提高了铁蛋白的mRNA和蛋白质水平。

MMRi62 (7-[(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-(pyridin-2-ylamino)methyl]quinolin-8-ol) 是一种铁死亡 (ferroptosis) 诱导剂，靶向 MDM2-MDM4 (抑癌基因 p53 负调控因子)。MMRi62 对胰腺导管腺癌 (PDAC) 细胞显示出 p53 独立的促凋亡 (apoptosis) 活性，并诱导其自噬 (autophagy)。MMRi62 诱导铁死亡，伴随着活性氧增加和铁蛋白重链 (FTH1) 溶酶体降解。MMRi62 还可导致突变型 p53 的蛋白酶体降解，并对具有 KRAS 和 TP53 高频突变特征的原位异种移植 PDAC 小鼠模型具有体内药效。

PBT434 is a novel, brain-penetrant, small molecule inhibitor of α-synuclein aggregation. In transgenic animal models of Parkinson disease (A53T) and MSA (PLP-α-Syn), PBT434 reduced α-synuclein aggregation, preserved neurons and improved motor function. Glial cell inclusions were also reduced in a murine MSA model. PBT434 is thought to act by redistributing reactive iron across membranes, thereby blocking intracellular protein aggregation and oxidative stress. The affinity of PBT434 for iron is greater than that of α-synuclein but lower than that of iron trafficking proteins, e.g., ferritin.

YL-939, 作为一种高效的ferroptosis抑制剂，主要通过作用于PHB2 铁蛋白 铁轴来发挥其阻止铁死亡的功能。

CP94, an iron chelator, enhances protoporphyrin IX photobleaching and reduces the viability of A431 squamous epithelial carcinoma cells at a 150 µM concentration with photodynamic therapy (PDT) using protoporphyrin IX precursors such as aminolevulinic acid (ALA), methyl aminolevulinate (MAL), or hexylaminolevulinate (HAL). Additionally, CP94 (2 mg ml in drinking water) lowers hepatic non-heme and ferritin-bound iron levels while increasing hepatic protoporphyrin levels in mice. It also counteracts ferrocene-induced rises in rat brain iron levels at a dosage of 100 mg kg.

CP102, an iron chelator, effectively reduces total non-heme and ferritin-stored iron levels in the livers of mice when provided through drinking water at a concentration of 2 mg ml.

CN128, an orally bioavailable iron chelator, features a side chain hydroxy group serving as an alternate sacrificial glucuronidation site to mitigate metabolic inactivation at the 3-hydroxy group. When administered at doses of 150 and 450 µmol kg, CN128 enhances iron mobilization by 24.8% in a 59Fe-ferritin-loaded rat model of iron overload.