cox/5-lo-in-1

COX 5-LO-IN-1 is a cyclooxygenase and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitor, and used for inflammatory and allergic disease states.

Resolvin E2 (RvE2) is a member of the specialized pro-resolving mediator (SPM) family of bioactive lipids.1It is produced from eicosapentaenoic acidviaan 18-HEPE intermediate, which is formed by aspirin-acetylated COX-2-mediated oxidation of EPA, by 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) in human polymorphonuclear (PMN) neutrophils.2,3RvE2 (20 ng/animal) inhibits increases in inflammatory exudate neutrophil infiltration in a mouse model of peritonitis induced by zymosan A .3Hepatic RvE2 levels are increased in mice fed normal chow, as well as in a mouse model of high-fat diet-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), by dietary supplementation with EPA.4Plasma levels of RvE2 are increased by dietary supplementation with fish oil containing ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in patients with peripheral artery disease or chronic kidney disease.1,5,6 1.Chiang, N., and Serhan, C.N.Specialized pro-resolving mediator network: An update on production and actionsEssays Biochem.64(3)443-462(2020) 2.Tjonahen, E., Oh, S.F., Siegelman, J., et al.Resolvin E2: Identification and anti-inflammatory actions: Pivotal role of human 5-lipoxygenase in resolvin E series biosynthesisChemistry & Biology131193-1202(2006) 3.Sungwhan, F.O., Pillai, P.S., Recchiuti, A., et al.Pro-resolving actions and stereoselective biosynthesis of 18S E-series resolvins in human leukocytes and murine inflammationJ. Clin. Invest.121(2)569-581(2011) 4.Echeverría, F., Valenzuela, R., Espinosa, A., et al.Reduction of high-fat diet-induced liver proinflammatory state by eicosapentaenoic acid plus hydroxytyrosol supplementation: Involvement of resolvins RvE1/2 and RvD1/2J. Nutr. Biochem.6335-43(2019) 5.Ramirez, J.L., Gasper, W.J., Khetani, S.A., et al.Fish oil increases specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators in PAD (the OMEGA-PAD II trial)J. Surg. Res.238164-174(2019) 6.Barden, A.E., Shinde, S., Burke, V., et al.The effect of n-3 fatty acids and coenzyme Q10 supplementation on neutrophil leukotrienes, mediators of inflammation resolution and myeloperoxidase in chronic kidney diseaseProstaglandins Other Lipid Mediat.1361-8(2018)

Dual cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitors are potential therapeutic agents for inflammatory diseases and for prostate cancer. CAY10416 is a dual COX-2 5-LO inhibitor with IC50 values of 50 and 3 nM, respectively. The selectivity of CAY10416 for COX is greater than 200-fold for COX-2 versus COX-1. COX-2 5-LO inhibitors such as CAY10416 are also apoptosis-inducing agents and are potentially useful in prostate cancer chemotherapy. In the PC3 human carcinoma cell line, CAY10416 exhibits a 45% inhibition of proliferation at 100 μM. In the LNCaP human carcinoma cell line, CAY10416 inhibits growth with an IC50 value of 83 μM.

Prostaglandin E2抑制剂3是一种microsomal prostaglandin E合酶-1 (mPGES-1; IC50 = 0.2 µM)的抑制剂，相较于COX-1、COX-2、5-lipoxygenase (5-LO)和soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH)，在10 µM的无细胞试验中表现出对mPGES-1的选择性。在10 µM和1 µM的浓度下，该抑制剂能抑制A549细胞中IL-1β诱导的PGE2生成以及在J774A.1巨噬细胞中，LPS诱导的IL-6和PGE2生成。同时，它还能抑制由钙离子载体A23187单独或结合花生四烯酸和A23187诱导的5-LO产物形成，包括白三烯B4 (LTB4) 和5-H(p)ETE（IC50s分别为4.9和5.2 µM）。在体内，10 mg/kg剂量的Prostaglandin E2抑制剂3能防止在zymosan诱导的小鼠腹膜炎模型中白细胞渗入腹腔液中。

15(R)-HETE, a monohydroxy fatty acid, is synthesized from arachidonic acid via aspirin-acetylated COX-2, leading to the formation of specialized pro-resolving mediators 15(R)-lipoxin A4 and B4 through a transcellular mechanism involving 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). Additionally, this compound is produced by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform CYP2C9 and can be generated from arachidonic acid by COX-1 in human mast cells, where it accumulates due to its resistance to conversion into 15-KETE by 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (15-PGDH). As an agonist of PPARβ δ, 15(R)-HETE induces the expression of a target gene in NIH3T3 cells, demonstrating its biological significance.