HT-2 Toxin-13C-22

HT-2 toxin-13C22is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of HT-2 toxin by GC- or LC-MS. HT-2 toxin is a type A trichothecene mycotoxin and an active, deacetylated metabolite of the trichothecene mycotoxin T-2 toxin .1,2Like T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin inhibits protein synthesis and cell proliferation in plants.2HT-2 toxin also reduces viability of HepG2, A549, HEp-2, Caco-2, A-204, U937, Jurkat, and RPMI-8226 cancer cells with IC50values ranging from 3.1 to 23 ng ml and human umbilical vein endothelial cells with an IC50value of 56.4 ng ml.1It induces oxidative stress, DNA damage, and autophagy in, as well as halts the development of, cultured mouse embryos when used at a concentration of 10 nM.3HT-2 toxin has been found in cereal grains and food products.4,5 1.Nielsen, C., Casteel, M., Didier, A., et al.Trichothecene-induced cytotoxicity on human cell linesMycotoxin Res.25(2)77-84(2009) 2.Nathanail, A.V., Varga, E., Meng-Reiterer, J., et al.Metabolism of the fusarium mycotoxins T-2 toxin and HT-2 toxin in wheatJ. Agric. Food Chem.63(35)7862-7872(2015) 3.Zhang, L., Li, L., Xu, J., et al.HT-2 toxin exposure induces mitochondria dysfunction and DNA damage during mouse early embryo developmentReprod. Toxicol.85104-109(2019) 4.Langseth, W., and Rundberget, T.The occurrence of HT-2 toxin and other trichothecenes in Norwegian cerealsMycopathologia147(3)157-165(1999) 5.Al-Taher, F., Cappozzo, J., Zweigenbaum, J., et al.Detection and quantitation of mycotoxins in infant cereals in the U.S. market by LC-MS MS using a stable isotope dilution assayFood Control72(Part A)27-35(2017)

1, 14-tetradecanedioic-2, 2, 13, 13-d4 acid 是 1, 14-tetradecanedioic acid 的氘代化合物。1, 14-tetradecanedioic acid 的 CAS 号为 821-38-5。Tetradecanedioic acid 是内源性代谢物的一种，是一种长链脂肪酸类有机化合物。它能够作为有机阴离子转运多肽介导的药物-药物相互作用的候选生物标志物。