IHVR-19029 is an effective endoplasmic reticulum (ER) α-glucosidases I and II inhibitor (IC50: 0.48 μM for ER a-glucosidase I). IHVR-19029 efficiently blocks the replication of several hemorrhagic fever viruses, such as Ebola virus, Dengue virus, and Rift
IHVR-11029 is a potent inhibitor of ER α-glucosidase. IHVR-11029 is active against multiple hemorrhagic fever viruses and efficiently disrupts the morphogenesis of a broad spectrum of enveloped viruses.
Several different arachidonoyl amino acids, including N-arachidonoyl-L-alanine (NALA), have been isolated and characterized from bovine brain. The glycine congener (NAGly) was further characterized and found to suppress formalin-induced pain in rats. NALA may have activity at cannabinoid receptor and/or VR1, but has not been fully characterized to date.
Capsaicin is the primary active component of the heat and pain-eliciting lipid soluble fraction of the Capsicum pepper. Capsaicin signals are transduced by a heat-activated ion channel, the vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1), or transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). CAY10448 is an iodinated nonivamide, a potent capsaicin receptor antagonist with an IC50 value of approximately 10 nM.
N-Arachidonoyl-L-serine (ARA-S), a recently isolated endocannabinoid with a distinct activity profile that diverges from typical endocannabinoids, does not interact with central cannabinoid (CB1), peripheral cannabinoid (CB2) receptors, or vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1). Unlike other compounds, ARA-S (5 mg kg) counteracts the lowering of blood pressure induced by a 10 mg kg intravenous bolus of abnormal cannabidiol (Abn-CBD) in anesthetized rat models. Additionally, akin to Abn-CBD, ARA-S induces relaxation in isolated rat mesenteric arteries and abdominal aorta and promotes phosphorylation of Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). The mechanisms through which ARA-S and Abn-CBD exert their effects on vascular systems show variations and merit deeper investigation.