tube formation

beta-Escin 是七叶树种子的主要活性成分。它可抑制碱性成纤维细胞生长因子所诱导的增殖、迁移、管形成以及体内 CAM 血管生成。它具有研究抗血管生成作用的分子机制的潜力。

TASP 0277308 是一种具有选择性和高效性的鞘氨醇 1-磷酸受体 1( S1P1) 抑制剂，具有免疫调节活性和抗癌活性，抑制 S1P- 以及 VEGF 诱导的细胞反应，阻断 VEGF 诱导的管形成。TASP 0277308 可用于研究免疫疾病和心血管疾病。

JK-P3 是广谱 VEGFR2抑制剂。它能够抑制 VEGF-A 刺激的 VEGFR2 激活和细胞内信号转导，也可阻碍内皮单层细胞迁移和血管生成，影响成纤维细胞生长因子受体激酶在体外的活性。它具有抗血管生成的作用。

VEGFR-2-IN-65 (Compound 07) 是一种抑制VEGFR-2的化合物，与 Cys180 形成氢键相互作用，并可抑制HUVEC细胞的管状形成。

AGW-11 是一种高效的双重抑制剂，能够抑制EGFR (IC50= 556 nM) 和VEGFR2 (IC50= 289.7 nM)。该化合物可诱导细胞凋亡 (apoptosis)，并抑制 HUVECs 中EGFR、VEGFR2和ERK1/2的磷酸化。AGW-11 有效抑制癌细胞生长，降低 HUVEC 的增殖、管状结构形成和侵袭，从而阻止血管生成。在 4T1 异种移植小鼠模型中，AGW-11 显著抑制肿瘤生长并减少肺部转移。AGW-11 可用于乳腺癌研究。

Tubulin/VEGFR-2-IN-2 是一种口服活性的双重抑制剂，针对tubulin和VEGFR-2的IC50值分别为3.27 μM和0.09 μM。其抗肿瘤作用通过多种机制实现，包括增强活性氧(ROS)生成、破坏线粒体膜电位、诱导细胞凋亡(apoptosis)、阻碍细胞周期，并在体外显现出显著的抗血管生成能力，抑制内皮细胞的迁移、侵袭和管腔形成。该化合物在体内有效抑制血管生成、肿瘤生长和转移，适用于非小细胞癌、乳腺癌、胃癌及淋巴瘤的研究。

SK-216（化合物 SK-216） 是一种特异性 PAI-1 抑制剂，可减少肿瘤血管生成，并抑制体外 VEGF 诱导的人脐静脉内皮细胞迁移和管形成。该化合物还能减轻小鼠中博莱霉素诱导的肺纤维化程度。

IDE1 是定形内胚层诱导物，有用于器官移植等方面的潜力。

α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) is a 13-amino acid peptide hormone produced by post-translational processing of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) in the pituitary gland, as well as in keratinocytes, astrocytes, monocytes, and gastrointestinal cells.1It is an agonist of melanocortin receptor 3 (MC3R) and MC4R that induces cAMP production in Hepa cells expressing the human receptors (EC50s = 0.16 and 56 nM, respectively).2α-MSH (100 pM) reducesS. aureuscolony formation andC. albicansgerm tube formationin vitro.3It inhibits endotoxin-, ceramide-, TNF-α-, or okadaic acid-induced activation of NF-κB in U937 cells.1α-MSH reduces IL-6- or TNF-α-induced ear edema in mice.4It also prevents the development of adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats and increases survival in a mouse model of septic shock. Increased plasma levels of α-MSH are positively correlated with delayed disease progression and reduced death in patients with HIV.1 1.Catania, A., Airaghi, L., Colombo, G., et al.α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone in normal human physiology and disease statesTrends Endocrinol. Metab.11(8)304-308(2000) 2.Miwa, H., Gantz, I., Konda, Y., et al.Structural determinants of the melanocortin peptides required for activation of melanocortin-3 and melanocortin-4 receptorsJ. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.273(1)367-372(1995) 3.Cutuli, M., Cristiani, S., Lipton, J.M., et al.Antimicrobial effects of a-MSH peptidesJ. Leukoc. Biol.67(2)233-239(2000) 4.Lipton, J.M., Ceriani, G., Macaluso, A., et al.Antiiinflammatory effect of the neuropeptide a-MSH in acute, chronic, and systemic inflammationAnn. N.Y. Acad. Sci.25(741)137-148(1994)

(±)10(11)-EDP ethanolamide is an ω-3 endocannabinoid epoxide and cannabinoid (CB) receptor agonist (EC50s = 0.43 and 22.5 nM for CB1 and CB2 receptors, respectively). It is produced though direct epoxygenation of docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide by cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases. 10,11-EDP epoxide (12.5 and 25 μM) reduces the viability of 143B metastatic osteosarcoma cells. It induces apoptosis and inhibits cell migration in a wound-healing assay in 143B, MG63, and HOS osteosarcoma cells. (±)10(11)-EDP ethanolamide also reduces tube formation by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) in a Matrigel assay.

(±)19(20)-EDP ethanolamide is an ω-3 endocannabinoid epoxide and cannabinoid (CB) receptor agonist (EC50s = 108 and 280 nM for CB1 and CB2, respectively). It is produced through direct epoxygenation of docosahexaenoyl ethanolamide by cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenases. (±)19(20)-EDP ethanolamide (25 μM) reduces the viability of 143B metastatic osteosarcoma cells. It decreases the production of IL-6 and increases the production of IL-10 when used at concentrations ranging from 2.5 to 10 μM in BV-2 microglia stimulated by LPS and decreases LPS-induced cytotoxicity when used at concentrations ranging from 5 to 10 μM. It also decreases nitrite production when used at a concentration of 7.5 μM, an effect that can be partially reversed by the CB2 receptor antagonist AM630 and the PPARγ antagonist GW 9662 . (±)19(20)-EDP ethanolamide induces vasodilation of isolated preconstricted bovine coronary arteries (ED50 = 1.9 μM) and reduces tube formation by human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) in a Matrigel assay.

Tie2 Inhibitor 7 blocks Tie2 kinase activity with a Ki value of 1.3 μM.. It has been shown to inhibit angiopoietin 1-induced Tie2 autophosphorylation and downstream signaling with an IC50 value of 0.3 μM. This compound can prevent endothelial cell tube formation and aberrant vessel growth in a rat model of Matrigel-induced choroidal neovascularization.

Tubulin polymerization-IN-6 (compound 5f) is a potent inhibitor of tubulin polymerization, with an IC50 of 1.09 μM. It not only inhibits cell migration and tube formation but also has anti-angiogenic properties. Additionally, Tubulin polymerization-IN-6 has been found to effectively hinder tumor growth in HT29 xenograft Balb/c nude mice [1].

18-Deoxyherboxidiene (RQN-18690A) 是一种有效的血管生成抑制剂。18-Deoxyherboxidiene 能够选择性作用于 SF3b，其中 SF3b 是剪接体中 U2 小核核糖核蛋白 (snRNP) 的亚复合体。18-Deoxyherboxidiene 对人脐静脉内皮细胞 (HUVEC) 的迁移和管形成具有抑制作用，且无明显的细胞毒性。18-Deoxyherboxidiene 具有潜力进行癌症的研究。

AT-533 是有效的 HSV 和 Hsp90 抑制剂。AT-533 可以阻断 HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR-2 信号通路，从而抑制血管生成和肿瘤生长。AT-533 也抑制下游通路的激活，包括 Erk1/2, FAK, Akt/mTOR/p70S6K。AT-533 抑制人脐静脉内皮细胞 (HUVEC) 的细胞迁移、侵袭和管形成。

KRH102053 is a HIF-1alpha inhibitor. KRH102053 decreased the protein level of HIF-1alpha and the mRNA levels of HIF-regulated downstream target genes, such as vascular endothelial growth factor, aldolase A, enolase 1 and monocarboxylate transporter 4. Consistent with these results, KRH102053 also inhibited the rates of HIF-related migration and invasion of HOS cells as well as the degree of tube formation in human umbilical vein endothelium cells.

EHT-6706 is a novel microtubule-disrupting agent that targets the colchicine-binding site to inhibit tubulin polymerization. At low nM concentrations, EHT 6706 exhibits highly potent antiproliferative activity on more than 60 human tumor cell lines, even those described as being drug resistant. EHT 6706 also shows strong efficacy as a vascular-disrupting agent, since it prevents endothelial cell tube formation and disrupts pre-established vessels, changes the permeability of endothelial cell monolayers and inhibits endothelial cell migration. Genome-wide transcriptomic analysis of EHT 6706 effects on human endothelial cells shows that the antiangiogenic activity elicits gene deregulations of antiangiogenic pathways. These findings indicate that EHT 6706 is a promising tubulin-binding compound with potentially broad clinical antitumor efficacy.

MPT0B098 is a potent microtubule inhibitor through binding to the colchicine-binding site of tubulin. MPT0B098 is active against the growth of various human cancer cells, including chemoresistant cells with IC50 values ranging from 70 to 150 nmol/L. MPT0B098 arrests cells in the G2–M phase and subsequently induces cell apoptosis. In addition, MPT0B098 effectively suppresses VEGF-induced cell migration and capillary-like tube formation of HUVECs. Distinguished from other microtubule inhibitors, MPT0B098 not only inhibited the expression levels of HIF-1α protein but also destabilized HIF-1α mRNA. The mechanism of causing unstable of HIF-1α mRNA by MPT0B098 is through decreasing RNA-binding protein, HuR, translocation from the nucleus to the cytoplasm. Notably, MPT0B098 effectively suppresses tumor growth and microvessel density of tumor specimens in vivo. Taken together, our results provide a novel mechanism of inhibiting HIF-1α of a microtubule inhibitor MPT0B098. MPT0B098 is......

Cremastranone is a natural antiangiogenic homoisoflavanone. Cremastranone inhibits the proliferation, migration, and tube formation ability of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells.

Azurin (50-77)是一种含铜细菌蛋白azurin的肽段，存在于P. aeruginosa中，具有细胞周期停滞、抑制癌细胞增殖和调节血管生成活性。作为VEGFR2的抑制剂（IC20约为10.7 µM），Azurin (50-77)（20 µM）能在MCF-7乳腺癌细胞中诱导G2/M期的细胞周期停滞。在50 µM的浓度下，减少MCF-7和ZR-75-1乳腺癌细胞的增殖。Azurin (50-77)以25 µM的浓度减少VEGF-A诱导的毛细管管腔形成（IC50 = 12 µM），降低人脐静脉内皮细胞（HUVECs）中与细胞膜相关的F-actin、焦点粘附激酶（FAK）和paxillin的水平，并增加胞外的血小板内皮细胞粘附分子-1（PECAM-1）的水平。在体内，Azurin (50-77)（每日10 mg/kg）在MCF-7小鼠异种移植模型中减少肿瘤体积。

HuGAL-F2 是一种针对人碱性成纤维细胞生长因子 (bFGF/FGF2) 的人源化单克隆抗体。FGF2 是促进肿瘤血管生成的关键因子，通过结合并激活具有酪氨酸激酶活性的 FGFR 受体来发挥作用。HuGAL-F2 通过特异性结合并中和胞外 FGF2，阻断其与 FGFR 的相互作用，从而直接抑制由该通路介导的内皮细胞增殖、迁移和管状结构形成。该抗体具有 huIgG2 型重链和 hu-kappa 型轻链，在抑制实体瘤血管生成和调节组织纤维化研究中具有重要作用。

2-Decanone-d5-1 是一种氘代标记的2-Decanone。2-Decanone 属于抗真菌剂，其能够抑制病原体的菌丝生长、孢子萌发及芽管形成。它会下调与孢子萌发相关的基因 MfBmp1 及侵染结构形成基因 MfPls1，促使活性氧物质（ROS）的积累，造成线粒体损伤和随后的孢子凋亡。2-Decanone 在果蔬采后病害防控研究中显示出应用潜力。

Coronarin, A, B, C, and D are cytotoxic prinicples from the rhizomes of Hedychium coronarium, Zingiberaceae. Coronarin A exhibits good growth inhibition activities on HUVEC proliferation, it effectively suppresses the growth factor induced tube formation

Competence-Stimulating Peptide-12261 acetate (1235882-91-3 free base) 是感觉刺激肽的片段，是一种抑制胚管 (GT) 形成的群体感应分子。