gc 1

Sobetirome (IACS-010759) 是一种甲状腺激素受体 β (TRβ) 激动剂，能够选择性的结合到TRβ-1(EC50:0.16 μM)。

Anti-GC1q R C1QBP Antibody (60.11) 属于小鼠IgG1, κ 类型的嵌合抗体，专门针对人类源 GC1q R C1QBP。其同型对照产品为 MouseIgG1kappa, Isotype Control。

CGC 11093 is a polyamine analog; inhibits growth of human prostate tumor xenografts in nude mice. It may prove useful in promoting regression of choroidal neovascularization.

GC 14 is a selective thyroid hormone receptor antagonist, with IC50 values of 200 nM and 35 nM for hTRα and hTRβ, respectively.

CGC 11150 is a polyamine analogue inhibit tumor growth in vitro and in vivo.

CGC 11144 is a Polyamine analogue inhibit tumor growth in vitro and in vivo.

GC 10284 is an agent of pesticide.

11-Oxoisomogroside V（compound 3）是从罗汉果粗提物中分离的一种葫芦苷，能够激活PGC-1α的转录活性。荧光素酶实验表明，10 μM 和 20 μM 浓度的11-Oxoisomogroside V分别将荧光素酶活性提高至 133.79% 和 143.81%。

NCGC1481 is a potent inhibitor of FLT3 and IRAK1/4 with improved stability, solubility, and permeability properties.

PG-11047 (CGC-11047) 是一种多胺类似物。PG-11047 可用于乳腺癌的研究。

CGC-11047 free base 是N1, N12-bisethylspermine (BESpm)的第二代多胺类似物。

Apoptin-derived peptide, an antitumor polypeptide, exhibits cytotoxic effects by promoting apoptosis and necrosis in gastric cancer (GC) cells through the modulation of the PI3K AKT ARNT signaling pathway. It also impedes both the invasion and migration of cancer cells by inhibiting the expression and phosphorylation of the p85 subunit of PI3K, subsequently suppressing the PI3K AKT pathway critical to gastric cancer development [1].

Oleic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of oleic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Oleic acid is a monounsaturated fatty acid and a major component of membrane phospholipids that has been found in human plasma, cell membranes, and adipose tissue.1,2 It contributes approximately 17% of the total fatty acids esterified to phosphatidylcholine, the major phospholipid class in porcine platelets.1 Oleic acid inhibits collagen-stimulated platelet aggregation by approximately 90% when used at a concentration of 10 μg ml. It also inhibits fMLF-induced neutrophil aggregation and degranulation by 55 and 68%, respectively, when used at a concentration of 5 μM, similar to arachidonic acid .3 Oleic acid (60 μM) induces release of intracellular calcium in human platelets.4

Glucocorticoid receptoragonist-4 Ala-Ala-Mal (化合物 Preparation 9) 是一种缀合物，它将抗人 TNFα 抗体与糖皮质激素受体激动剂 (GC) 结合。此化合物主要用于自身免疫性疾病和炎症性疾病的研究。

2-deoxy-D-Glucose-13C6is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 2-deoxy-D-glucose by GC- or LC-MS. 2-deoxy-D-Glucose is a glucose antimetabolite and an inhibitor of glycolysis.1,2It inhibits hexokinase, the enzyme that converts glucose to glucose-6-phosphate, as well as phosphoglucose isomerase, the enzyme that converts glucose-6-phosphate to fructose-6-phosphate.32-deoxy-D-Glucose (16 mM) induces apoptosis in SK-BR-3 cells, as well as inhibits the growth of 143B osteosarcoma cells cultured under hypoxic conditions when used at a concentration of 2 mg ml.4,5In vivo, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (500 mg kg) reduces tumor growth in 143B osteosarcoma and MV522 non-small cell lung cancer mouse xenograft models when used alone or in combination with doxorubicin or paclitaxel .6 1.Kang, H.T., and Hwang, E.S.2-Deoxyglucose: An anticancer and antiviral therapeutic, but not any more a low glucose mimeticLife Sci.78(12)1392-1399(2006) 2.Aft, R.L., Zhang, F.W., and Gius, D.Evaluation of 2-deoxy-D-glucose as a chemotherapeutic agent: Mechanism of cell deathBr. J. Cancer87(7)805-812(2002) 3.Ralser, M., Wamelink, M.M., Struys, E.A., et al.A catabolic block does not sufficiently explain how 2-deoxy-D-glucose inhibits cell growthProc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA105(46)17807-17811(2008) 4.Liu, H., Savaraj, N., Priebe, W., et al.Hypoxia increases tumor cell sensitivity to glycolytic inhibitors: A strategy for solid tumor therapy (Model C)Biochem. Pharmacol.64(12)1745-1751(2002) 5.Zhang, X.D., Deslandes, E., Villedieu, M., et al.Effect of 2-deoxy-D-glucose on various malignant cell lines in vitroAnticancer Res.26(5A)3561-3566(2006) 6.Maschek, G., Savaraj, N., Priebe, W., et al.2-deoxy-D-glucose increases the efficacy of adriamycin and paclitaxel in human osteosarcoma and non-small cell lung cancers in vivoCancer Res.64(1)31-34(2004)

1,2,3-Trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol-13C3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 1,2,3-trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol by GC- or LC-MS. 1,2,3-Trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol is a triacylglycerol that contains octanoic acid at the sn-1, sn-2, and sn-3 positions. Dietary administration of 1,2,3-trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol increases hippocampal levels of the glycolytic metabolites glucose 6-phosphate, fructose 6-phosphate, and β-hydroxybutyrate and the seizure threshold in the 6 Hz psychomotor seizure test in mice.1 Formulations containing 1,2,3-trioctanoyl-rac-glycerol have been used in cosmetic products as thickening and skin-conditioning agents.

Aflatoxin G2-13C17is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of aflatoxin G2by GC- or LC-MS. Aflatoxin G2is a mycotoxin that has been found inAspergillus.1It is lethal to ducklings (LD50= 2.83 mg kg) but is non-toxic to rats when administered at a dose of 200 mg kg.2 1.Bennett, J.W., and Klich, M.MycotoxinsClin. Microbiol. Rev.16(3)497-516(2003) 2.Wogan, G.N., Edwards, G.S., and Newberne, P.M.Structure-activity relationships in toxicity and carcinogenicity of aflatoxins and analogsCancer Res.31(12)1936-1942(1971)

Nitisinone-13C6is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of nitisinone by GC- or LC-MS. Nitisinone is an inhibitor of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD), which converts 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate (HPPA) to homogentisate in the tyrosine catabolic pathway.1Nitisinone increases urinary levels of HPPA and 4-hydroxyphenyllactate (HPLA) in rats when administered at a dose of 10 mg kg. Nitisinone (3 mg kg) prevents the neonatal lethality of fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase (FAH) deficiency in mice when administered to pregnant dams.2It exhibits hepatoprotective effects inFAH- -mice, such as prevention of increases in plasma levels of aspartate serine aminotransferase (AST) and conjugated bilirubin, when administration is continued following birth at a dose of 1 mg kg. Nitisinone (100 μg) decreases urinary excretion of homogentisate and increases urinary excretion of HPPA, HPLA, and 4-hydroxyphenylacetate in a mouse model of alkaptonuria induced by ethylnitrosourea.3Formulations containing nitisinone have been used in the treatment of hereditary tyrosinemia type 1 (HT-1). 1.Ellis, M.K., Whitfield, A.C., Gowans, L.A., et al.Inhibition of 4-hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase by 2-(2-nitro-4-trifluoromethylbenzoyl)-cyclohexane-1,3-dione and 2-(2-chloro-4-methanesulfonylbenzoyl)-cyclohexane-1,3-dioneToxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.133(1)12-19(1995) 2.Grompe, M., Lindstedt, S., al-Dhalimy, M., et al.Pharmacological correction of neonatal lethal hepatic dysfunction in a murine model of hereditary tyrosinaemia type INat. Genet.10(4)453-460(1995) 3.Suzuki, Y., Oda, K., Yoshikawa, Y., et al.A novel therapeutic trial of homogentisic aciduria in a murine model of alkaptonuriaJ. Hum. Genet.44(2)79-84(1999)

NH-3是一种高效的口服活性甲状腺激素受体（THR）拮抗剂，具有可逆行为，其IC 50为55 nM。NH-3源自选择性甲状腺激素模拟物GC-1，有效地抑制甲状腺激素与相应受体的结合，从而阻碍辅因子的招募。

1,2-Dioleoyl-rac-glycerol-13C3 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of 1,2-dioleoyl-rac-glycerol by GC- or LC-MS. 1,2-dioleoyl-rac-glycerol is a diacylglycerol that contains oleic acid at the sn-1 and sn-2 positions. It effectively binds the C1 domain to activate conventional protein kinase C forms and serves as a substrate for diacylglycerol kinases and multisubstrate lipid kinase.1,2,3 |1. Yamaguchi, Y., Shirai, Y., Matsubara, T., et al. Phosphorylation and up-regulation of diacylglycerol kinase γ via its interaction with protein kinase Cγ. J. Biol. Chem. 281(42), 31627-31637 (2006).|2. Zhou, Q.Z., Raynor, R.L., Wood, M.G., Jr., et al. Structure-activity relationship of synthetic branched-chain distearoylglycerol (distearin) as protein kinase C activators. Biochemistry 27(19), 7361-7365 (1988).|3. Epand, R.M., Shulga, Y.V., Timmons, H.C., et al. Substrate chirality and specificity of diacylglycerol kinases and the multisubstrate lipid kinase. Biochemistry 46(49), 14225-14231 (2007).

Fenspiride-d5 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of fenspiride by GC- or LC-MS. Fenspiride is an antagonist of histamine H1 receptors and a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). It inhibits histamine-induced contraction of isolated guinea pig trachea but not histamine-induced inotropy of isolated guinea pig heart. It also inhibits phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), PDE5, and PDE3 (IC50s = 69, ~158, and 363 µM, respectively, in isolated human bronchi derived from patients with lung cancer). It is selective for these phosphodiesterases over PDE1 and PDE2, where it provides less than 25% inhibition. Fenspiride potentiates the airway relaxant effects of isoproterenol and sodium nitroprusside indicating an effect on cAMP and cGMP phosphodiesterases, respectively. Aerosolized fenspiride (1 mg ml) reverses bronchoconstriction induced by capsaicin and, when used at aerosolized concentrations ranging from 1-10 mg ml, reduces cough induced by citric aci......

Chlorhexidine-d8 is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of chlorhexidine by GC- or LC-MS. Chlorhexidine is a bis(biguanide) antimicrobial disinfectant and antiseptic agent. It inhibits growth of clinical methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates (MIC90 = 4 μg ml). It is also active against canine isolates of MRSA, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), methicillin-resistant S. pseudintermedius (MRSP), and methicillin-susceptible S. pseudintermedius (MSSP; MIC90s = 4, 2, 2, and 1 mg L, respectively). Chlorhexidine inhibits growth of E. faecium strains (MICs = 1.2-19.6 μg ml) and C. albicans (MIC = 5.15 μg ml). It generates cations that bind to and destabilize the bacterial cell wall to induce death.6 Chlorhexidine also completely inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and MMP-9 when used at concentrations of 0.0001 and 0.002%, respectively, in a gelatin degradation assay. Formulations containing chlorhexidine have been used in antisept......

5(6)-EET is a fully racemic version of the enantiomeric forms biosynthesized from arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450 enzymes. In solution, 5(6)-EET degrades into 5,6-DiHET and 5(6)-δ-lactone, which can be converted to 5(6)-DiHET and quantified by GC-MS. In neuroendocrine cells, such as the anterior pituitary and pancreatic islets, 5(6)-EET has been implicated in the mobilization of calcium and hormone secretion. 5(6)-EET is an inhibitor of T-type voltage-gated calcium channels (Cav3) that inhibits isoforms Cav3.1, Cav3.2 (IC50 = 0.54 μM), and Cav3.3 and decreases nifedipine-resistant phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction in isolated mouse mesenteric arteries via Cav3.2 blockade when used at a concentration of 3 μM. In addition, it is a substrate of COX-1 and COX-2, as measured by oxygen consumption and product formation assays when used at a concentration of 50 μM. (±)5(6)-EET is provided as a mixture of the free acid and lactone.

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.1 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.2 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.2,3,4,5,6 |1. Santos, M.J., López-Jurado, M., Llopis, J., et al. Influence of dietary supplementation with fish oil on plasma fatty acid composition in coronary heart disease patients. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 39(1), 52-62 (1995).|2. Lee, J.Y., Sohn, K.H., Rhee, S.H., et al. Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through toll-like receptor 4. J. Biol. Chem. 276(20), 16683-16689 (2001).|3. Dietzen, D.J., Hastings, W.R., and Lublin, D.M. Caveolin is palmitoylated on multiple cysteine residues. Palmitoylation is not necessary for localization of caveolin to caveolae. J. Biol. Chem. 270(12), 6838-6842 (1995).|4. Robinson, L.J., and Michel, T. Mutagenesis of palmitoylation sites in endothelial nitric oxide synthase identifies a novel motif for dual acylation and subcellular targeting. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 92(25), 11776-11780 (1995).|5. Topinka, J.R., and Bredt, D.S. N-terminal palmitoylation of PSD-95 regulates association with cell membranes and interaction with K+ channel Kv1.4. Neuron 20(1), 125-134 (1998).|6. Miggin, S.M., Lawler, O.A., and Kinsella, B.T. Palmitoylation of the human prostacyclin receptor. Functional implications of palmitoylation and isoprenylation. J. Biol. Chem. 278(9), 6947-6958 (2003).