association

MID-1 是 MG53-IRS-1 相互作用的抑制剂，能够破坏 MG53 与 IRS-1 的分子缔合，并消除 MG53 诱导的 IRS-1 泛素化和骨骼肌降解，升高 IRS-1 表达水平，增加胰岛素信号传导和葡萄糖摄取。

Formamide (NSC-748) 是甲酸的酰胺衍生物，被用作许多离子化合物的溶剂。

JR-AB2-011 是一种选择性 mTORC2抑制剂，IC50值为 0.36 μM。JR-AB2-011 通过阻断 Rictor-mTOR 联合体 (Ki: 0.19 μM) 抑制 mTORC2 活性，并且具有抗多形性胶质母细胞瘤 (GBM) 的活性。

Geldanamycin 是一种 HSP90 抑制剂（Kd：1.2 μM），可特异性破坏糖皮质激素受体 (GR) HSP 的结合。

CBFβ Inhibitor (5-Ethyl-4-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-thiazol-2-ylamine) 是一种细胞渗透性 CBFβ 抑制剂，可抑制其与 Runx1 的结合。

Neurotensin TFA (39379-15-2 free base) 是一种内源性 13 个氨基酸的神经肽，具有显着的阿片类非依赖性镇痛作用。它在大脑中充当神经递质，在肠道中充当激素，也充当神经调节剂。由于它与多种神经递质系统如多巴胺能、血清素能、谷氨酸能、GABA 能和胆碱能系统。它具有作为人体代谢物、有丝分裂原、神经递质和创伤的作用。

Vanillylmandelic acid 是儿茶酚胺、肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素代谢的最终产物，具有抗氧化活性，常用于帮助诊断嗜铬细胞瘤，以及其升高与抑郁症状有关。

p32 inhibitor M36 is an inhibitor of p32 mitochondrial protein. It binds directly to p32 and inhibits the p32 association with LyP-1.

Immunoproteasome activator 1 (compound A) 作为一种高选择性的免疫蛋白酶体激活剂，能显著地促进MHC-I结合肽的呈递，增幅达到超过100倍。该化合物通过与蛋白酶体的结构亚单位PSMA1结合，并进一步促使蛋白酶体激活物PA28α β (PSME1 PSME2) 与免疫蛋白酶体的有效结合，从而发挥其作用。

APA-APA-MPO is a PCAF bromodomain/Tat-AcK50 association inhibitor.

APA-H-MPO is a PCAF bromodomain Tat-AcK50 association inhibitor.

YH16899 is a KRS-67LR interaction inhibitor by directly blocking the association between KRS and 67LR, suppressing the dynamic movement of the N-terminal extension of KRS and reducing membrane localization of KRS.

2-Mc-1,4-NHQ, an inhibitor of the Cdc42-PBD interaction, blocks the association of Cdc42 with the PBD.

OB-1 是一种口蛋白样蛋白-3 (STOML3) 抑制剂，通过下调 PPARγ通路抑制成脂分化和 LD 生长。OB-1 通过干扰气孔素的自缔合，抑制脂肪生成并阻碍脂滴生长。

MK785 is part of the association between inhibition of aortic histamine formation, aortic albumin permeability, and atherosclerosis. Aortic histamine synthesis was inhibited by partial inhibition of aortic histidine decarboxylase (HD) by application of MK

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.1 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.2 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.2,3,4,5,6 |1. Santos, M.J., López-Jurado, M., Llopis, J., et al. Influence of dietary supplementation with fish oil on plasma fatty acid composition in coronary heart disease patients. Ann. Nutr. Metab. 39(1), 52-62 (1995).|2. Lee, J.Y., Sohn, K.H., Rhee, S.H., et al. Saturated fatty acids, but not unsaturated fatty acids, induced the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 mediated through toll-like receptor 4. J. Biol. Chem. 276(20), 16683-16689 (2001).|3. Dietzen, D.J., Hastings, W.R., and Lublin, D.M. Caveolin is palmitoylated on multiple cysteine residues. Palmitoylation is not necessary for localization of caveolin to caveolae. J. Biol. Chem. 270(12), 6838-6842 (1995).|4. Robinson, L.J., and Michel, T. Mutagenesis of palmitoylation sites in endothelial nitric oxide synthase identifies a novel motif for dual acylation and subcellular targeting. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 92(25), 11776-11780 (1995).|5. Topinka, J.R., and Bredt, D.S. N-terminal palmitoylation of PSD-95 regulates association with cell membranes and interaction with K+ channel Kv1.4. Neuron 20(1), 125-134 (1998).|6. Miggin, S.M., Lawler, O.A., and Kinsella, B.T. Palmitoylation of the human prostacyclin receptor. Functional implications of palmitoylation and isoprenylation. J. Biol. Chem. 278(9), 6947-6958 (2003).

Palmitic acid-13C is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of palmitic acid by GC- or LC-MS. Palmitic acid-13C contains 13C at the C2 position and has been used in the study of free fatty acid incorporation into phospholipid fatty acids in soil microbes.1 Palmitic acid is a 16-carbon saturated fatty acid. It comprises approximately 25% of human total plasma lipids.2 It increases protein levels of COX-2 in RAW 264.7 cells when used at a concentration of 75 μM.3 Palmitic acid is involved in the acylation of proteins to anchor membrane-bound proteins to the lipid bilayer.3,4,5,6,7

DEPMPO is a nitrone that is used to spin trap reactive O-, N-, S-, and C-centered radicals and allow their characterization when used in association with electron spin resonance. It is noted for the stability of adducts formed. DEPMPO can be used in vitro or in vivo, as it crosses lipid bilayer membranes and is a good trapping agent in biological systems. DEPMPO-biotin is a biotinylated form of DEPMPO which retains the outstanding persistency of its adducts. The biotin moiety offers an effective means for monitoring biodistribution in cells, tissues, and organs when used with an avidin-conjugated reporter. Importantly, DEPMPO-biotin binds free radicals, such as S-nitroso groups, on proteins, producing adducts that can be analyzed via the biotin tag. This direct labeling of S-nitrosothiols (SNO) thus serves as an effective alternative to the more cumbersome biotin-switch method for monitoring SNO formation.

Bile acids are essential for solubilization and transport of dietary lipids, are the major products of cholesterol catabolism, and are physiological ligands for farnesoid X receptor (FXR), a nuclear receptor that regulates genes involved in lipid metabolism.1They are also inherently cytotoxic, as physiological imbalance contributes to increased oxidative stress.2,3Bile acid-controlled signaling pathways are promising novel targets to treat such metabolic diseases as obesity, type II diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and atherosclerosis.Guggulsterone, derived from resin of the guggul tree, is a competitive antagonist of FXR bothin vitroandin vivo.4Thecisstereoisomer of guggulsterone, (E)-guggulsterone, decreases chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA)-induced FXR activation with an IC50value of 15 μM.5,6By inhibiting CDCA-induced transactivation of FXR, guggulsterone lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels in rodents fed a high cholesterol diet.4 1.Makishima, M., Okamoto, A.Y., Repa, J.J., et al.Identification of a nuclear receptor for bile acidsScience2841362-1365(1999) 2.Barbier, O., Torra, I.P., Sirvent, A., et al.FXR induces the UGT2B4 enzyme in hepatocytes: A potential mechanism of negative feedback control of FXR activityGastroenterology1241926-1940(2003) 3.Tan, K.P., Yang, M., and Ito, S.Activation of nuclear factor (erythroid-2 like) factor 2 by toxic bile acids provokes adaptive defense responses to enhance cell survival at the emergence of oxidative stressMol. Pharmacol.72(5)1380-1390(2007) 4.Urizar, N.L., Liverman, A.B., Dodds, D.T., et al.A natural product that lowers cholesterol as an anatagonist ligand for FXRScience296(5573)1703-1706(2002) 5.Cui, J., Huang, L., Zhao, A., et al.Guggulsterone is a farnesoid X receptor antagonist in coactivator association assays but acts to enhance transcription of bile salt export pumpThe Journal of Biological Chemisty278(12)10214-10220(2003) 6.Wu, J., Xia, C., Meier, J., et al.The hypolipidemic natural product guggulsterone acts as an antagonist of the bile acid receptorMolecular Endocrinology16(7)1590-1597(2002)

RWJ-56110 dihydrochloride is a potent, selective, peptide-mimetic inhibitor of PAR-1 activation and internalization (binding IC50=0.44 uM) and shows no effect on PAR-2, PAR-3, or PAR-4. RWJ-56110 dihydrochloride inhibits the aggregation of human platelets induced by both SFLLRN-NH2 (IC50=0.16 μM) and thrombin (IC50=0.34 μM), quite selective relative to U46619 . RWJ-56110 dihydrochloride blocks angiogenesis and blocks the formation of new vessels in vivo. RWJ-56110 dihydrochloride induces cell apoptosis[1][2]. Proteinase-activated receptors (PARs) are a family of G protein-coupled receptors activated by the proteolytic cleavage of their N-terminal extracellular domain, exposing a new amino terminal sequence that functions as a tethered ligand to activate the receptors.RWJ56110 inhibits the aggregation of human platelets induced by both SFLLRN-NH2 (IC50=0.16 μM) and thrombin (IC50=0.34 μM) while being quite selective relative to collagen and the thromboxane mimetic U46619 [1].RWJ-56110 dihydrochloride is fully inhibits thrombin-induced RASMC proliferation with an IC50 value of 3.5 μM. RWJ-56110 dihydrochloride shows blockade of thrombin's action with RASMC calcium mobilization (IC50=0.12 μM), as well as with HMVEC (IC50=0.13 μM) and HASMC calcium mobilization (IC50=0.17 μM)[1].RWJ56110 (0.1-10 μM; 24-96 hours) inhibits endothelial cell growth dose-dependently, with half-maximal inhibitory concentration of RWJ56110 is approximately 10 μM[2].RWJ56110 (0.1-10 μM; 6 hours) inhibits DNA synthesis of endothelial cells in a thymidine incorporation assays. Endothelial cells are in fast-growing state (50-60% confluence), RWJ56110 inhibits cell DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner, but when cells that are in the quiescent state (100% confluent), the inhibitory effect of PAR-1 antagonists is much less pronounced[2].RWJ56110 (0.1-10 μM; pretreatment for 15 min) inhibits thrombin-induced Erk1 2 activation in a concentration-dependent manner. However, when endothelial cells are stimulated by FBS (final concentration 4%), it reduces partially the activated levels of Erk1 2[2].RWJ56110 (30 μM; 24 hours) has an inhibitory effect on endothelial cell cycle progression. It reduces the percentage of cells in the S phase, while alterations in the percentages of G1 and G2 M cells are less pronounced[2]. Western Blot Analysis[2] Cell Line: Endothelial cells [1]. Andrade-Gordon, et al.Design, synthesis, and biological characterization of a peptide-mimetic antagonist for a tethered-ligand receptor. oc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1999 Oct 26;96(22):12257-62. [2]. Panagiota Zania, et al. Blockade of angiogenesis by small molecule antagonists to protease-activated receptor-1: association with endothelial cell growth suppression and induction of apoptosis. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2006 Jul;318(1):246-54.

SW2_110A acetate 是一种选择性的，细胞渗透性的chromobox 同源蛋白CBX8抑制剂（Kd = 800 nM），结合CBX8 N 端色域(ChD)。SW2_110A acetate 对CBX8 N 有很高的亲和力，抑制CBX8与细胞染色质的关联，抑制MLL-AF9诱导的THP1白血病细胞增殖。

CR-1-31-B, a synthetic rocaglate, acts as a highly potent inhibitor of eIF4A. By disrupting the interaction between eIF4A and RNA, it effectively obstructs the initiation phase of protein synthesis. Specifically, CR-1-31-B interferes with the association between Plasmodium falciparum eIF4A (PfeIF4A) and RNA. Additionally, CR-1-31-B induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma and gallbladder cancer cells [4].

DC-LC3in-D5是一种有效的和选择性的LC3A B共价抑制剂，通过共价结合LC3B上的Lys49来破坏自噬(IC₅₀=200 nM)，导致LC3B脂化受损，自噬底物p62积累，自噬小体形成显著减少。

MIND4-17为一种NRF2激活剂，通过共价修饰Keap1的C151残基发挥作用。该化合物能破坏Keap1-Nrf2之间的结合，进而促进Nrf2蛋白的稳定性及其向核内的迁移，显示出显著的抗氧化活性。