Ferumoxytol is an iron oxide nanoparticle with anti-leukemia properties, specifically against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells with low ferroportin (FPN) expression. By increasing intracellular iron levels, Ferumoxytol induces the Fenton reaction to produce reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in oxidative stress and ferroptosis. It selectively kills leukemia cells with low FPN expression while sparing normal cells, making it useful for studying leukemia targeting iron metabolism abnormalities.