virulence

D-Cysteine 是一种大肠杆菌生长的有力抑制剂，是半胱氨酸的 D 型异构体。它由 D-氨基酸氧化酶介导产生 H2S，是一种对抗小脑共济失调的神经保护剂。 D-半胱氨酸可以抑制由变形链球菌和链球菌血红蛋白形成的两种生物膜的生长和致龋性。

Cyclic-di-GMP is a STING agonist and ubiquitous second messenger, which regulates the formation, motility and virulence of biofilms in various bacterial species.

Equisetin, an N-methylserine-derived acyl tetramic acid isolated from the terrestrial fungus Fusarium equiseti NRRL 5537, functions as a Quorum-sensing inhibitor (QSI) that specifically attenuates QS-regulated virulence phenotypes in P. aeruginosa, presenting a potent lead for treating P. aeruginosa infections without hindering bacterial growth. This tetramate-containing natural product possesses antibiotic and cytotoxic properties, effectively inhibiting the growth of Gram-positive bacteria and HIV-1 integrase activity, yet it does not impact Gram-negative bacteria.

Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) 是从辣椒溶杆菌AZ2和白斑分枝杆菌果实中提取出的 2,5-二酮哌嗪，具有抗炎活性，对植物病原微生物 (如 R. fascians LMG 3605) 具有毒性活性，能抑制革兰氏阳性植物病原菌。Cyclo(L-Pro-L-Val) 以浓度依赖性方式显著抑制了IKKα、IKKβ、IκBα和NF-κB 的磷酸化以及iNOS 和COX-2的活化，是治疗炎症相关疾病的潜在治疗剂。

Aerobactin是一种细菌产生的铁载体和铁螯合剂，是许多肠杆菌科细菌的关键毒力因子，广泛应用于生物化学研究。

N-Acetyltyramine 是一种群体感应抑制剂，由溶藻弧菌 M3-10 产生。N-Acetyltyramine 可以抑制C. violaceumATCC 12472 的群体感应。它可以逆转阿霉素耐药白血病 P388 细胞的耐药性。

PSMα3 is a peptide compound that can be utilized to induce tolerance in dendritic cells (DCs) for DC vaccination strategies. It effectively penetrates and modulates human monocyte-derived DCs by modifying the maturation process induced by TLR2 or TLR4. Additionally, PSMα3 inhibits the production of both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and decreases antigen uptake. Notably, PSMα3 is a significant virulence factor released by the most pathogenic strains of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Cyclic di-GMP sodium (c-di-GMP sodium) 是一种 STING 激活剂，也是一种无处不在的第二信使，具有调节生物膜的形成、运动和各种细菌的毒力的作用。

Cyclic di-GMP (c-di-GMP) diammonium 是一种STING 激活剂和无处不在的第二信使，调节生物膜的形成、运动和各种细菌的毒力。

cis-2-Dodecenoic acid，最初在Burkholderia cenocepacia中被发现，能够干扰细菌的群体感应系统，从而抑制细菌生物膜的形成和毒力因子的产生。

Moscatin（Plicatol，4-methoxyphenanthrene-2,5-diol）是一种可以提取自Dendrobium nobile Lindl.的二苯基衍生物，能够抑制花生四烯酸诱导的血小板聚集，能够抑制白色念珠菌（Candida albicans）的毒性和生长，通过下调ERG、HSP、ALS等基因表达。