penicillin-binding proteins

Cephalexin (Cephacillin) 是一种强口服活性的头孢菌素抗生素。它通过破坏细菌细胞壁的生长来杀死革兰氏阳性和一些革兰氏阴性细菌。它可研究肺炎、链球菌性咽喉炎、细菌性心内膜炎等。

Cefazolin sodium (cephazolin sodium) salt 是一种头孢类抗生素, 可研究多种细菌感染。

Amoxicillin (Amoxycillin) 是一种具有广谱抗菌活性和良好口服吸收的抗生素。

Cephalothin sodium (Cefalotin) 是一种头孢类抗生素, 具有广泛的抗菌活性，抑制革兰氏阳性和阴性菌。

Piperacillin sodium salt(CL227193) )是一种β-内酰胺类广谱抗生素。

Cefuroxime sodium (Cefuroxime sodium salt) 是一种具有口服活性的头孢菌素抗生素，增加了对 β-内酰胺酶的稳定性。

Cephalexin monohydrate (Cephalexin hydrate) 是一种可口服的半合成头孢菌素类抗生素，具有显著的抗菌活性， 通过靶向青霉素结合蛋白 (PBPs)抑制细菌增殖。

Ampicillin sodium (Domicillin) 是Ampicillin 的钠盐形式，是Ampicillin 的广谱半合成衍生物。它通过与青霉素结合蛋白结合来抑制细菌细胞壁的合成，从而抑制肽聚糖的合成，肽聚糖是细菌细胞壁的关键成分。

Lenampicillin hydrochloride is an orally active prodrug of Ampicillin. Lenampicillin hydrochloride is an effective beta-lactam antibacterial agent that inhibits bacterial penicillin-binding proteins. It is applied in the investigation of suppurative skin

Cefotiam hydrochloride (SCE-963 hydrochloride) 是一种肠外头孢菌素类广谱抗生素，对革兰氏阳性菌和革兰氏阴性菌有活性。

Fumoxicillin是一种抗菌剂，它通过结合青霉素结合蛋白来抑制细菌细胞壁的生物合成。

Piperacillin hydrate 是一种半合成广谱 β-内酰胺类抗生素，通过青霉素结合蛋白对革兰阴性菌和某些革兰阳性菌有强杀菌活性。它通常与 β-内酰胺酶抑制剂Tazobactam联合使用。

Cefepime dihydrochloride, a broad-spectrum fourth-generation cephalosporin, binds and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall.

Ceftizoxime, a third-generation cephalosporin effective against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria, binds penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) to inhibit the bacterial cell wall synthesis. It rather resembles cefotaxime in its properties but is not su

Cefotetan Sodium, a second-generation cephalosporin, cephamycin antibiotic, is active against a wide range of both aerobic and anaerobic gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Cefotetan disrupts the cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding

Lactivicin is a non-beta-lactam antibiotic that acts by binding to penicillin-binding proteins.

Cefsulodin is a β-lactam antibiotic that lyses actively-growingE. coliby binding specifically to the intermembrane proteins, penicillin-binding proteins 1a and b, whose transglycosylase and transpeptidase activities are involved in cell elongation and septation.1Cefsulodin has been used in combination with other β-lactam antibiotics, such as cefazolin as a strategy to circumvent drug resistance.2

Cefpirome is a broad-spectrum, fourth-generation cephalosporin. It binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall.

Ceforanide 是一种头孢菌素，可静脉或肌肉给药。它在体外具有一系列抗菌活性。

Cefotiam hexetil hydrochloride 是一种可口服头孢菌素，是抗生素 cefotiam 的前药，但无抗菌作用。

FPI-1465 是丝氨酸-β-内酰胺酶和青霉素结合蛋白 (PBP) 的双重抑制剂。FPI-1465 抑制PBP2，IC50为 1.0 μg mL。FPI-1465 作用于 β-内酰胺酶 CTX-M-15 和 OXA-48，Kd 分别为 0.011 和 5.3 μM。

Cefoperazone (Medocef) 是一种半合成的头孢菌素，有抗菌活性。

Cephradine sodium is the salt form of Cephradine (free base), a semi-synthetic cephalosporin antibiotic. Cefradin inhibits the last stage of bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to certain penicillin-binding proteins which results in cell lysis. Cell lysis is mediated by bacterial cell wall autolytic enzymes. Cefradin may interfere with autolysin inhibitors.

Cefcanel is a semisynthetic third-generation cephalosporin with antibacterial activity. Cefcanel is active against the species E. coli, K. aerogenes and Proteus mirabilis; H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis has reasonable susceptibility. Cefcanel inhibits 90% of S. aureus strains at 2 µg ml, irrespective of the presence of a β-lactamase. Cefcanel binds to and inactivates penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) located on the inner membrane of the bacterial cell wall. PBPs are enzymes involved in the terminal stages of assembling the bacterial cell wall and in reshaping the cell wall during growth and division. Inactivation of PBPs interferes with the cross-linkage of peptidoglycan chains necessary for bacterial cell wall strength and rigidity. This results in the weakening of the bacterial cell wall and causes cell lysis.