ovariectomized

Liarozole (R75251 dihydrochloride) 是一种咪唑衍生物，是一种具有口服活性的维甲酸 (RA) 代谢阻断剂(RAMBA)，具有抗肿瘤作用。它能够抑制维甲酸依赖的细胞色素P450(CYP26) 4- 羟基化 (IC50=7 μM)，导致组织维甲酸水平增加。

Raloxifene (LY139481) 是一种选择性雌激素受体调节剂，在某些位点展现出雌激素激动剂作用和雌激素拮抗剂，具有抗病毒活性，可用于研究埃博拉病毒、甲型流感病毒和丙型肝炎病毒感染。

Droloxifene (3-Hydroxytamoxifen)，Tamoxifen 衍生物，是一种具有口服活性和选择性的雌激素受体 (estrogen receptor) 调节剂。Droloxifene 具有抗雌激素和抗植入作用。Droloxifene 诱导 MCF-7 细胞 p53 表达及凋亡。Droloxifene 预防去卵巢大鼠骨丢失。

Methyl vanillate 是一种枳椇属植物中的提取物，是Wnt β-catenin 信号通路活化剂，是一种香草酸的甲酯。它具有抗氧化作用。

SPA0355 是硫脲衍生物，展现抗氧化和抗炎特性。它抑制RANKL(核因子 κB 受体活化因子配体)在初级骨髓来源巨噬细胞中的诱导破骨细胞生成，影响MAPKs、Akt和NF-κB通路的激活。同时，SPA0355 促成成骨细胞分化，提高碱性磷酸酶活性和矿化结节形成。通过刺激成骨细胞分化并抑制破骨细胞吸收，SPA0355 可以保护去卵巢小鼠免受骨丢失，适用于绝经后骨质疏松症的研究。

CW 008 is an activator of the cAMP PKA CREB pathway. It promotes osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells in vitro and increases bone mass and bone volume density in ovariectomized mice.

17β-hydroxy Exemestane is the primary active metabolite of exemestane . It is formed by metabolism of exemestane by the cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms CYP1A and CYP4A11. 17β-hydroxy Exemestane is an aromatase inhibitor (IC50 = 69 nM using human placental microsomes) and an androgen receptor (AR) agonist (IC50 = 39.6 nM) that is selective for AR over estrogen receptor α (ERα; IC50 = 21.2 μM). It stimulates growth of AR- and ERα-positive MCF-7 (EC50 = 2.7 μM) and T47D breast cancer cells (EC50s = 0.43 and 1,500 nM for AR- and ER-mediated growth, respectively) and inhibits proliferation of testosterone-treated aromatase-overexpressing MCF-7aro cells in a concentration-dependent manner. 17β-hydroxy Exemestane (20 mg/kg) inhibits increases in serum cholesterol and LDL levels and prevents decreases in bone mineral density in the lumbar vertebrae and femur, as well as femoral bending strength and compressive strength of the fifth lumbar vertebrae, in ovariectomized rats.

Miroestrol is a potent phytoestrogen compound with multifaceted biological effects. It induces a mammogenic effect and demonstrates neuroprotective properties, along with the ability to prevent bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Additionally, Miroestrol has been shown to reduce the risk of cancer [4].

Moexiprilat是一种血管紧张素转换酶(ACE; IC50 = 2.1 nM)的抑制剂，也是前药moexipril的一种活性代谢产物。通过侧链酯水解作用，在体内从moexipril转化而来。Moexiprilat (10 nM)能防止初生大鼠心脏成纤维细胞在雌激素或血管紧张素II刺激下的增殖。在以每天50 mg/kg剂量给药的去卵巢小鼠中，降低平均动脉血压，并增加心房钠尿肽水平，这是高血压的一个标志。

(-)-Epiafzelechin 是一种 COX 抑制剂，具有抗氧和抗炎活性，在成熟卵巢切除小鼠模型中的骨保护作用，刺激成骨细胞活性和抑制破骨细胞活性的能力，可用于研究类风湿性关节炎。

Segetalin C,作为一种环肽,具有提升去卵巢大鼠子宫重量的功能(2.5 mg kg).