Lipopolysaccharides, from Salmonella typhosa是来自伤寒沙门氏菌(Salmonella typhosa)的脂多糖内毒素及TLR-4激活剂,属于S型LPS,可以通过激活免疫系统的致病相关分子模式(PAMP)诱导细胞分泌迁移体。该化合物有典型的三部分结构:O抗原、核心寡糖和脂质A。它被用作疫苗佐剂,并在体内免疫反应中展示针对B细胞的佐剂活性。
Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O111:B4 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O111:B4)) 是一种从大肠杆菌 (E. coli O111:B4) 提取的脂多糖内毒素和TLR-4激活剂,属于S型LPS。它具有O抗原、R3型核心寡糖和脂质A的典型三部分结构。LPS通过活化免疫细胞的TLR-4而引起显著的胃部疾病,并能够诱导小鼠巨噬细胞发生M1型极化。
Lipopolysaccharides from P. aeruginosa (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) 10 是一种来自铜绿假单胞杆菌 (P. aeruginosa 10) 的脂多糖内毒素和TLR4激活剂,属于 S 型 LPS。此化合物具有典型的三部分结构:O 抗原、核心寡糖和脂质 A。同时,它的脂肪酸组成异于常见的肠杆菌,磷酸化程度异常高(检测到三磷酸残基),并具有独特的核心寡糖外部区域,其 O 特异性侧链通常富含新型氨基糖。此脂多糖对病毒具易感性,高分子量多糖的含量直接影响其易感性,而这些多糖的缺失会增强其对噬菌体的敏感性。
Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O26:B6 是源自大肠杆菌 (E. coli) 的脂多糖内毒素和 TLR-4 激活剂,这种 S 型 LPS 可以激活免疫系统的病原相关分子模式 (PAMP) 并引导细胞分泌迁移体。它具有典型的三部分结构:O 抗原 (O-antigen)、核心寡糖 (core oligosaccharide) 和脂质 A (Lipid A),此结构能够被核心特异性单克隆抗体 MAb J8-4C10 所识别。Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O26:B6 能促进血浆中的促炎细胞因子增加,从而引发下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺 (HPA) 轴的激活,导致肾上腺氧化损伤。PD149163 (HY-123434) 可阻断 Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O26:B6 的致病作用。
Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O127:B8 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O127:B8)) 是从大肠杆菌 (E. coli O127:B8) 中提取的脂多糖和TLR-4激活剂,其特征为S型LPS。它具有典型的三部分结构:O抗原、R3核心寡糖和脂质A。该化合物通过激活免疫细胞的TLR-4,引起炎症反应和回肠收缩力,常用于构建肠道炎症模型。
Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O128:B12 (LPS, from Escherichia coli (O128:B12)) 是一种从大肠杆菌 (E. coli O128:B12) 提取的脂多糖内毒素和TLR-4激活剂,属于 S (smooth) 型 LPS。其具有典型的三部分结构:O 抗原、R3 型核心寡糖和脂质 A。Lipopolysaccharides, from E. coli O128:B12 通过激活免疫细胞的TLR-4,用于构建动物新生儿脑部炎症模型,并可能影响新生儿早产。
Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica (Salmonella enterica) serotype enteritidis 是来自肠道沙门氏菌血清型致肠炎的脂多糖内毒素和 TLR-4 激活剂,属于 S 型 LPS,能够激活免疫系统的致病相关分子模式 (PAMP),同时诱导细胞分泌迁移体。它具有典型的三部分结构:O 抗原、核心寡糖和脂质 A。此外,Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica serotype enteritidis 可以诱发全身炎症反应,导致血浆中 TNF-α、IFN-γ、IL-6、IL-10 及硝酸盐水平升高。
Lipopolysaccharides, from S. enterica (Salmonella enterica) serotype typhimurium 是来自血清型沙门氏菌的脂多糖内毒素及TLR4激活剂,属于S型LPS。该化合物具有典型的三部分结构:O抗原、核心寡糖和脂质A。它能够调控细菌在树突状细胞(DC)内的命运,影响DC对细菌的摄取、降解和免疫功能的激活。
Lipopolysaccharides 是一种脂多糖内毒素及 TLR-4 激活剂,负责激活免疫系统的致病相关分子模式 (PAMP) 并诱导细胞分泌迁移体。Lipopolysaccharides 提取自革兰氏阴性菌外膜的外叶,由抗原 O-特异性链、核心寡糖和脂质 A 组成。Lipopolysaccharides, from P. gingivalis 是来源于牙龈变形杆菌的内毒素。
3-hydroxy Docosanoic acid is a hydroxylated form of the 22-carbon saturated docosanoic acid . It is found in lipopolysaccharides from C. trachomatis and C. psittaci and in S. synnaedendra. 3-hydroxy Docosanoic acid, in the form of an acyl-CoA metabolite, is an intermediate in fatty acid chain elongation from arachidic acid to docosanoic acid (C22:0).
3-hydroxy Palmitic acid is a form of the 16:0 lipid palmitic acid . The lipid A part of lipopolysaccharides contain various 3-hydroxy fatty acids, making oxylipins such as 3-hydroxy palmitic acid useful as chemical markers of endotoxins. In R. solanacearum, 3-hydroxy palmitic acid is converted by an S-adenosyl methionine-dependent methyltransferase to 3-hydroxy palmitic acid methyl ester, which acts as a quorum sensing signal molecule for post-transcriptional modulation of genes involved in virulence. Long-chain 3-hydroxy fatty acids, such as 3-hydroxy palmitic acid, are also known to accumulate during long-chain 3-hydroxy-acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and mitochondrial trifunctional protein deficiencies. Such accumulation induces oxidative stress, leading to mitochondrial bioenergetics deregulation and eventual multi-organ dysfunction.