homovanillic acid

Homovanillic acid (Vanillacetic acid) 是一种多巴胺代谢物，它与乳糜泻、生长激素缺乏、芳香族氨基酸脱羧酶缺乏症以及脂联素还原酶缺乏症相关。

Homovanillic acid-d3 是 Homovanillic acid 的氘代化合物。

Homovanillic acid sulfate is used as a reagent to detect oxidative enzymes, and is associated with dopamine levels in the brain.In psychiatry and neuroscience, brain and cerebrospinal fluid levels of homovanillic acid are measured as a marker of metabolic

Isohomovanillic acid (Homoisovanillic acid) 是一种由乙酸乙酯在 pH 值为 2 的条件下从尿液中提取而来，在许多正常人尿中并不明显。

Homovanillic acid-d5 (Vanilacetic acid-d5) 是一种氘代的 Homovanillic acid，可用于研究 Homovanillic acid 在体内的代谢。Homovanillic acid 是一种多巴胺代谢物，是灵长类动物中枢多巴胺功能的指标。

Homovanillic Acid-13C-d3 是 Homovanillic Acid 的 13C 和氘代化合物。Homovanillic Acid 的 CAS 号为 306-08-1。Homovanillic acid 是一种多巴胺代谢物，它与乳糜泻、生长激素缺乏、芳香族氨基酸脱羧酶缺乏症以及脂联素还原酶缺乏症相关。

N,N-Dipropyldopamine is a dopamine receptor agonist.1,2,3 It decreases dihydrophenylalanine (DOPA) levels in the limbic forebrain and striatum of reserpinized rats (ED50s = 25 and 20 μmol kg, respectively), as well as reduces homovanillic acid levels in rat striatum when administered at a dose of 80 μmol kg.1 N,N-Dipropyldopamine (0.5-16 mg kg) reduces spontaneous locomotor activity in mice, an effect that can be reversed by the antipsychotic spiroperidol.2,3

CGP-28014 is an inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase. CGP-28014 increases the renal excretion of both dopamine and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) but does not affect renal sodium handling indicating a different mechanism of action. CGP-28014 sign

Zonisamide-13C2,15N is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of zonisamide by GC- or LC-MS. Zonisamide is an antiepileptic agent.1 It selectively inhibits the repeated firing of sodium channels (IC50 = 2 μg ml) in mouse embryo spinal cord neurons and inhibits spontaneous channel firing when used at concentrations greater than 10 μg ml.2 In rat cerebral cortex neurons, zonisamide (1-1,000 μM) inhibits T-type calcium channels with a maximum reduction of 60% of the calcium current.3 Zonisamide inhibits H. pylori recombinant carbonic anhydrase (CA) and the human CA isoforms I, II, and V with Ki values of 218, 56, 35, and 21 nM, respectively.4,5 In mice, it has anticonvulsant activity against maximal electroshock seizure (MES) and pentylenetetrazole-induced maximal, but not minimal, seizures (ED50s = 19.6, 9.3, and >500 mg kg, respectively). Zonisamide (40 mg kg, p.o.) prevents MPTP-induced decreases in the levels of dopamine , but not homovanillic acid or dihydroxyphenyl acetic acid , and increases MPTP-induced decreases in the dopamine turnover rate in mouse striatum in a model of Parkinson's disease.6 Formulations containing zonisamide have been used in the treatment of partial seizures in adults with epilepsy. |1. Masuda, Y., Ishizaki, M., and Shimizu, M. Zonisamide: Pharmacology and clinical efficacy in epilepsy. CNS Drug Rev. 4(4), 341-360 (1998).|2. Rock, D.M., Macdonald, R.L., and Taylor, C.P. Blockade of sustained repetitive action potentials in cultured spinal cord neurons by zonisamide (AD 810, CI 912), a novel anticonvulsant. Epilepsy Res. 3(2), 138-143 (1989).|3. Suzuki, S., Kawakami, K., Nishimura, S., et al. Zonisamide blocks T-type calcium channel in cultured neurons of rat cerebral cortex. Epilepsy Res. 12(1), 21-27 (1992).|4. Nishimori, I., Vullo, D., Minakuchi, T., et al. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: Cloning and sulfonamide inhibition studies of a carboxyterminal truncated α-carbonic anhydrase from Helicobacter pylori. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 16(8), 2182-2188 (2006).|5. De Simone, G., Di Fiore, A., Menchise, V., et al. Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors. Zonisamide is an effective inhibitor of the cytosolic isozyme II and mitochondrial isozyme V: Solution and X-ray crystallographic studies. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 15(9), 2315-2320 (2005).|6. Yabe, H., Choudhury, M.E., Kubo, M., et al. Zonisamide increases dopamine turnover in the striatum of mice and common marmosets treated with MPTP. J. Pharmacol. Sci. 110(1), 64-68 (2009).

(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetic-2,2-d2 Acid 是 (4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetic Acid 的氘代化合物。(4-Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)acetic Acid 的 CAS 号为 306-08-1。Homovanillic acid 是一种多巴胺代谢物，它与乳糜泻、生长激素缺乏、芳香族氨基酸脱羧酶缺乏症以及脂联素还原酶缺乏症相关。