camp-signaling

HJC0197 是Epac1(cAMP 1 直接激活的交换蛋白) 和Epac2 拮抗剂，其对Epac2 的IC50值为5.9 μM。它在等浓度 cAMP 存在下能够降低 Epac1 介导的 Rap1-GDP 交换活性。它能够选择性阻断 cAMP 诱导的 Epac 活化。

INT-777（S-EMCA）是有效的 TGR5 激动剂，EC50 为 0.82 μM。 INT-777（S-EMCA）在大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血后通过 TGR3 cAMP PKA 信号通路抑制 NLRP5-ASC 炎症小体介导的神经炎症。

Roflumilast (APTA 2217) 是一种口服的长效 4 型磷酸二酯酶抑制剂 (PDE4)，具有抗炎和潜在的抗肿瘤活性，作用于PDE4A1，PDEA4，PDEB1和PDEB2，IC50分别为 0.7，0.9，0.7 和 0.2 nM。

Trans-caffeic acid（Trans-咖啡酸）可作为高灵敏的荧光探针检测食物中的漆酶（laccase），还可以刺激胚芽组织的生长。

Polygalasaponin F 是从瓜子金中提取的齐墩果烷型三萜皂苷，可通过调节TLR4-PI3K AKT-NF-kB 信号通路减少神经炎症细胞因子的分泌，能降低炎性细胞因子肿瘤坏死因子 α 的释放。

BMS-470539 dihydrochloride 是一种具有选择性和高效性的黑皮质素 1 受体 (MC-1 R) 激动剂，具有抗炎活性。 BMS-470539 在新生儿缺氧缺血大鼠模型中通过 MC1R cAMP PKA Nurr1 信号通路减轻氧化应激和神经元凋亡。

Luteolin 7-sulfate, derived from the marine plant Phyllospadix iwatensis Makino, suppresses TYR gene expression by intervening in a signaling pathway involving the cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) and microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). This inhibition ultimately leads to a decrease in melanin synthesis.

PDE1-IN-8 (Compound 3f) 是一种 PDE1 抑制剂，其 IC50 为 11 nM。PDE1-IN-8 抑制 cAMP 和 cGMP 信号通路，阻断细胞向肌成纤维细胞的分化和增殖，并在 Bleomycin 诱导的大鼠肺纤维化模型中展现出抗纤维化效果。

Mtb-IN-10 (Compound P15) 是一种Rv1625c Cya激活剂，通过调控cAMP代谢影响结核分枝杆菌 (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mtb) 的生长。在Mtb感染的巨噬细胞模型中，Mtb-IN-10 的抗结核活性EC50为1.96 µM，小鼠口服给药 (20 mg kg) 时具有58.0%的口服生物利用度。该化合物可能通过调控Mtb细胞内信号传导和干扰胆固醇代谢来抑制细菌增殖，具有用于抗结核病 (TB) 研究的潜力，尤其是面对耐多药 (MDR-TB) 和广泛耐药 (XDR-TB) 的结核分枝杆菌。

6-Bnz-cAMP is a PKA-selective activator. It regulates the PKA dependent signaling pathways. The proliferative signaling pathway which activated by the 6-Bnz-cAMP involves activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor and ERK1/2. Extending the duratio

SW106 is a selective antagonist of PTHR1-mediated cAMP signaling, not functioning as an inverse agonist on either PTHR1-T410P or PTHR1-H223R, which have activating mutations at the cytoplasmic ends of TMD helices-2 and -6, respectively.

CG500354 plays a tumor suppressive role through the cAMP CREB signaling pathway and is a novel inducer of neural differentiation and growth arrest in primary HUMAN GBM derived cells.

Skyrin is a fungal metabolite characterized by a bisanthraquinone structure. It interferes with glucagon signaling through adenylate cyclase without binding to the glucagon receptor. At 10 μM, skyrin reduces both glucagon-stimulated cAMP production and glycogenolysis. It does not interfere with epinephrine or glucagon-like peptide 1 effects on these parameters.[1] Reference：[1]. Parker, J.C., McPherson, R.K., Andrews, K.M., et al. Effects of skyrin, a receptor-selective glucagon antagonist, in rat and human hepatocytes. Diabetes 49, 2079-2086 (2012).

Negative control for st-Ht31 . Gorshkov et al (2017) AKAP-mediated feedback control of cAMP gradients in developing hippocampal neurons. Nat.Chem.Biol. 13 425 PMID:28192412 |Vijayaraghavan et al (1997) Protein kinase A-anchoring inhibitor peptides arrest mammalian sperm motility. J.Biol.Chem. 272 4747 PMID:9030527 |Vincent et al (2017) Signaling: Spatial regulation of axonal cAMP. Nat.Chem.Biol. 13 348 PMID:28328917

L-858,051 is a water-soluble analog of forskolin , a cell-permeant activator of adenylate cyclase. L-858,051 activates adenylate cyclase (EC50 = 3 μM), inhibits glucose transport, and blocks cytochalasin B binding in rat adipocyte membranes. L-858,051 is used to activate adenylate cyclase and initiate signaling through elevated cAMP synthesis in a variety of cell types in culture.

FFA2 allosteric agonist. Inhibits forskolin-induced cAMP increase and stimulates 35SGTPγS binding in biochemical assays (pEC50 values are 6.9 and 7.23, respectively). Binds at allosteric binding site. In functional assays, displays positive allosteric modulation of FFA-induced Gi signaling and negative allosteric modulation of FFA-induced Gq/G11 signaling. Inhibits lipolytic effect of isoproterenol (pEC50 = 5.03) and induces migration of human neutrophils in vitro. Bolognini et al (2016) A novel allosteric activator of free fatty acid 2 receptor displays unique Gi-functional bias. J.Biol.Chem. 291 18915 PMID:27385588 |Sergeev et al (2017) A single extracellular amino acid in free fatty acid receptor 2 defines antagonist species selectivity and G protein selection bias. Sci.Rep. 7 13741 PMID:29061999

GLP-1R modulator L7-028 是一种变构调节剂，增强了对 GLP-1 的亲和力和 cAMP 信号转导。

ethyl 1-(4-aminophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate 又称 EAPT，是一种有效的选择性 PDE4抑制剂，调节细胞内环腺苷酸(cAMP)水平。它已被用于多种科研应用，包括 cAMP 介导的信号转导通路的研究，并有潜力作为治疗炎症和免疫相关疾病的药物。

Hcyb1 is a potent and specific inhibitor of phosphodiesterase 2 (PDE2). It exhibits a high degree of selectivity for inhibiting PDE2A with an IC50 value of 0.57 μM. In addition, Hcyb1 displays over 250-fold selectivity against other recombinant members of the PDE family. Moreover, its pharmacological actions include neuroprotective and antidepressant-like effects, which are believed to be mediated through the cAMP cGMP-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway [1].

WAY-181187 (SAX-187) oxalate 是一种选择性的、有效的 5-HT6 受体的激动剂 (Ki: 2.2 nM; EC50: 6.6 nM)。WAY-181187 oxalate 是一种特异性激动剂，介导 5-HT6 受体依赖性信号通路（如 cAMP，Fyn 和 ERK1 2 激酶）。

Wnt signaling is required for direct multiple biological processes and also plays key roles in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB) is a transcription factor that is a member of the leucine zipper family of DNA binding proteins. This protein binds as a homodimer to the cAMP-responsive element, an octameric palindrome. The protein is phosphorylated by several protein kinases, and induces transcription of genes in response to hormonal stimulation of the cAMP pathway. Via generating a transcriptionally active complex with β-catenin, CREB acts as a mediator of Wnt signaling.ICG-001 is an inhibitor of β-catenin CREB mediated transcription. The direct cellular target of ICG-001 is CREB. the inhibitory IC50of ICG-001 against β-catenin CREB mediated transcription was 3 μM. ICG-001 treatment at the concentration of 25 μM for 24h significantly increased caspase activity in both colon cancer cell lines SW480 and HCT116 cell lines but not in normal colonic epithelial cells CCD-841Co. In a cell growth inhibition assay, the IC50s of ICG-001 against SW480 and HCT116 cells were 4.43 μM and 5.95 μM, respectively.In a SW620 nude mouse xenograft model, an water-soluble analog of ICG-001 given at the dose of 150 mg kg i.v. once in every 2 days dramatically suppressed tumor growth. In a bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis mice model, ICG-001 given at the dose of 5 mg kg per day reversed pulmonary fibrosis. In a rat myocardial infarction model, ICG-001 was administrated subcutaneously at the dose of 50 mg kg day for 10 days which significantly improved cardiac contractile function after myocardial infarction in the rats.

AH 23848 is a Thromboxane antagonist which accelerates inducible nitric oxide synthase degradation through attenuation of cAMP signaling in glomerular mesangial cells.

Abaloparatide (BA 058) 是一种甲状旁腺激素受体 1 (PTHR1) 类似物。Abaloparatide 也是一种选择性 PTHR1激活剂。Abaloparatide 增强 Gs cAMP 信号和β-arrestin 募集。Abaloparatide 可增强小鼠的骨形成和皮质结构。Abaloparatide 具有用于骨质疏松症研究的潜力。

AP-C6 是一种有效的 cGMP 依赖性蛋白激酶 II (cGKII) 抑制剂，其 pIC50 值为 6.5。该化合物能够在体外浓度依赖性地抑制人 cGKII 的活性，并能够通过抑制 PDE 来增强 cAMP 信号传导。