Acetylcholine chloride

Acetylcholine chloride (Pilofrin) 是一种神经递质，是胆碱能激动剂，通过刺激烟碱乙酰胆碱受体调节多巴胺能神经元活性，在体外抑制 p53 突变肽的聚集。

Carbachol (Carbamoylcholine chloride) 用来研究 nAChR 和 mAchR 的介导的反应, 包括平滑肌收缩, 肠运动, 与神经信号。Carbachol 是乙酰胆碱类似物, 激活乙酰胆碱受体 (AChR), Carbachol 是 nAChR 和mAchR 受体激动剂, 针对不同的受体, Ki 值为10到10,000 nM。

Benzethonium chloride (Quatrachlor) 是合成季铵盐，具有表面活性剂、防腐剂和广谱抗菌特性。它作用于在爪蟾卵母细胞，抑制人重组α7和α4β2神经元烟碱性乙酰胆碱受体。

Choline chloride (Biocoline) 是一种必需营养素，可激活 α7 烟碱受体，具有抗炎、镇痛的活性。对动脉粥样硬化、神经系统疾病和肝脏疾病等具有影响。

Oxybutynin chloride (Oxybutynin HCl) 是一种抗胆碱能药物，用于缓解泌尿和膀胱困难。它抑制血管 Kv 通道，IC50为 11.51 μM。

Trospium chloride (Spasmex) 是一种可口服的特异竞争性毒蕈碱胆碱能受体拮抗剂，可与毒蕈碱受体 M1、M2 和 M3 高亲和力结合，具有抗毒蕈碱活性。

Methacholine Chloride (Acetyl-β-methylcholine chloride) 是副交感神经系统中的毒蕈碱-3 受体激动剂。它可用于测量气道高反应性，作为评估哮喘样症状和正常静息呼气流速的诊断辅助手段。它直接作用于平滑肌上的乙酰胆碱受体，引起收缩和气道狭窄。

Bethanechol chloride (Carbamyl-β-methylcholine chloride) 是一种拟副交感神经剂，是毒蕈碱型受体 (mAChR) 激动剂，通过直接刺激副交感神经系统的 mAChR 发挥作用。

Edrophonium chloride 是一种乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂，可通过特异性结合其催化位点来防止神经递质乙酰胆碱的分解。

Mivacurium dichloride (Mivacurium chloride) 是苄基异喹啉衍生物，可与 nAChR 偶联，以减少或抑制乙酰胆碱对肌肉细胞末端盘的去极化作用。它也是非去极化短效的神经肌肉阻滞剂和骨骼肌松弛剂。

Doxacurium Chloride is a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 antagonist.

(±)-Muscarine chloride 是 Muscarine chloride 的外消旋体。Muscarine 是一种原型毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱受体 (mAChR) 激动剂。

Homidium Chloride is the chloride salt of ethidium (a fluorochrome), Ethidium Chloride intercalates within double-stranded nucleic acids, particularly DNA. In molecular biology, the bromide salt of ethidium is used to detect and visualize DNA after electrophoresis or in cytochemical preparations. In veterinary pharmacology, it is used as a trypanosomicide. Ethidium bromide and chloride are toxic substances and potent noncompetitive antagonists of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor.

Ambenonium chloride tetrahydrate is a salt of ambenonium --- a quaternary ammonium compound with parasympathomimetic activity. It is a cholinesterase inhibitor used in the management of myasthenia gravis. Myasthenia gravis occurs when the body produces antibodies against acetylcholine receptors, and thus inhibits signal transmission across the myoneural junction. Ambenonium chloride is a rapid indirect-acting cholinergic agonist that reversibly blocks the activity of acetylcholinesterase, thereby prevents acetylcholine hydrolysis and prolonging its activity on nicotinic receptors at the neuromuscular junction.

Pipoxolan (free base) is an antispasmodic drug. In vivo, the drug inhibited the contractions of intestines caused by neostigmine, barium chloride or injection of acetylcholine. The drug possesses ganglioplegic action and inhibited the decrease in blood pressure caused by stimulation of the vagus nerve. The drug is marketed under tradename Rowapraxin worldwide for the treatment of spasms and colics in the gastrointestinal tract, gallbladder and urogenital area, bronchial spasms, spastic menstrual cramps. Recent studies have shown that pipoxalan has anticancer activity and inhibits proliferation of leukemia cells in animal models.

Pipoxolan (HCl) is an antispasmodic drug. In vivo, the drug inhibited the contractions of intestines caused by neostigmine, barium chloride or injection of acetylcholine. The drug possesses ganglioplegic action and inhibited the decrease in blood pressure caused by stimulation of the vagus nerve. The drug is marketed under tradename Rowapraxin worldwide for the treatment of spasms and colics in the gastrointestinal tract, gallbladder and urogenital area, bronchial spasms, spastic menstrual cramps. Recent studies have shown that pipoxalan has anticancer activity and inhibits proliferation of leukemia cells in animal models.

Esoxybutynin Chloride is (S)-enantiomer of oxybutynin. Esoxybutynin Chloride exerts antimuscarinic properties. Racemic oxybutynin is used clinically to treat urinary incontinence. Sepracor was developing (S)-oxybutynin, a single-isomer version of Alza's Ditropan (racemic oxybutynin), a muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonist, as a potential treatment for urinary incontinence.