ventral

L-Albizziin (2-Methoxyidazoxan monohydrochloride) 是高效的 alpha 2r 肾上腺素受体选择性拮抗剂，对 imidazoline 拮抗作用很小或没有。它对 (豚鼠) alpha 2D 肾上腺素受体 (pKd9.7) 的亲和力明显高于 (兔子) alpha 2A 肾上腺素受体 (pKd8.2)。

Epristeride (ONO-9302) 是具有口服活性、选择性和非竞争性类固醇 5-α-还原酶亚型2抑制剂，抑制SR 同工酶 2。Episteride 可减小前列腺大小并改善良性前列腺增生男性的症状。Episteride 诱导大鼠腹侧前列腺萎缩和凋亡。

Tiaspirone hydrochloride (BMY-13859 hydrochloride) 具有抗精神病活性。 Tiaspirone hydrochloride 影响大鼠大脑黑质致密带（A9 DA 细胞）和腹侧被盖区（A10 DA 细胞）多巴胺能神经元的电生理活性。

Proxyfan(Proxifan)是一种高亲和力的组胺H3受体的protean拮抗剂 激动剂，具有从完全激动剂到完全逆激动剂的全谱药理活性，取决于给定组织或脑区域内组成活性和静止H3受体之间的竞争。Proxyfan在喂食相关的下丘脑腹内侧核中作为中性拮抗剂，在大鼠基底外侧杏仁核（BLA）中作为激动剂。

AA560 is a nonsteroidal antiandrogen. AA560 decreases the uptake of 3H-androgens in the ventral prostate and decreases the weight of accessory organs.

Galphimine B is a cyclodesiccated triterpenoid from Galphimia Glauca, which can regulate the synaptic transmission of dopaminergic ventral tegmental neurons and has a sedative effect.

Urocortin II is a neuropeptide hormone and member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family which includes mammalian CRF , urocortin , urocortin III , frog sauvagine, and piscine urotensin I.1 Mouse urocortin II shares 34 and 42% sequence homology with rat CRF and urocortin . It is expressed in mouse paraventricular, supraoptic, and arcuate nuclei of the hypothalamus, the locus coeruleus, and in motor nuclei of the brainstem and spinal ventral horn. Urocortin II selectively binds to CRF1 over CRF2 receptors (Kis = 0.66 and >100 nM, respectively) and induces cAMP production in CHO cells expressing CRF2 (EC50 = 0.14 nM). In vivo, urocortin II suppresses nighttime food intake by 35% in rats when administered intracerebroventricularly at a dose of 1 μg. Urocortin II (0.1 and 0.5 μg, i.c.v) stimulates fecal pellet output, increases distal colonic transit, and inhibits gastric emptying in mice.2References1. Reyes, T.M., Lewis, K., Perrin, M.H., et al. Urocortin II: A member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neuropeptide family that is selectively bound by type 2 CRF receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(5), 2843-2848 (2001).2. Martinez, V., Wang, L., Million, M., et al. Urocortins and the regulation of gastrointestinal motor function and visceral pain. Peptides 25(10), 1733-1744 (2004). Urocortin II is a neuropeptide hormone and member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) family which includes mammalian CRF , urocortin , urocortin III , frog sauvagine, and piscine urotensin I.1 Mouse urocortin II shares 34 and 42% sequence homology with rat CRF and urocortin . It is expressed in mouse paraventricular, supraoptic, and arcuate nuclei of the hypothalamus, the locus coeruleus, and in motor nuclei of the brainstem and spinal ventral horn. Urocortin II selectively binds to CRF1 over CRF2 receptors (Kis = 0.66 and >100 nM, respectively) and induces cAMP production in CHO cells expressing CRF2 (EC50 = 0.14 nM). In vivo, urocortin II suppresses nighttime food intake by 35% in rats when administered intracerebroventricularly at a dose of 1 μg. Urocortin II (0.1 and 0.5 μg, i.c.v) stimulates fecal pellet output, increases distal colonic transit, and inhibits gastric emptying in mice.2 References1. Reyes, T.M., Lewis, K., Perrin, M.H., et al. Urocortin II: A member of the corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) neuropeptide family that is selectively bound by type 2 CRF receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98(5), 2843-2848 (2001).2. Martinez, V., Wang, L., Million, M., et al. Urocortins and the regulation of gastrointestinal motor function and visceral pain. Peptides 25(10), 1733-1744 (2004).

Galanin is a neuropeptide with diverse biological activities. [1][2][3][4][5] It binds to rat galanin (GAL) receptor subtypes GAL1-3 (IC50s = 0.339, 1.35, and 3.31 nM, respectively) and human GAL1-3 (IC50s = 0.288, 1.62, and 12.3 nM, respectively). [1] Galanin binds to and inhibits contraction of guinea pig gastric smooth muscle cells induced by carbachol . [2] In vivo, Galanin (6 nmol, i.c.v.) increases feeding behavior in rats and increases latency to hindpaw withdrawal in response to heat and mechanical stimulation in a rat model of carrageenin-induced inflammation when administered at a dose of 2 nmol injected into the nucleus accumbens.[3][4] Galanin (5 μg, i.c.v.) also inhibits acetylcholine release induced by scopolamine in the ventral hippocampus of freely moving rats. [5]

RTI-7470-44 是一种有效的、选择性的、能透过血脑屏障的人微量胺相关受体 1 (hTAAR1) 拮抗剂 (IC50: 8.4 nM)。RTI-7470-44 可以提高小鼠中脑腹侧被盖区 (VTA) 多巴胺能神经元的自发放电率。RTI-7470-44 具有中等的代谢稳定性和良好的初步脱靶谱。RTI-7470-44 能够用于研究精神分裂症、药物成瘾和帕金森病 (PD)。

Endomorphin 2 是一种高亲和力和选择性的 μ-阿片受体激动剂，对 kappa3 结合位点具有合理的亲和力 ，Ki 为 20 到 30 nM 之间。

VU6019650 是一种强效、选择性的M5mAChR 正向拮抗剂 (IC50=36 nM)，能够用于减轻阿片类药物使用障碍 (OUD) 的研究。VU6019650 具有血脑透过性，可能调节中边缘多巴胺能奖赏回路。VU6019650 能够阻断Oxotremorine M iodide 诱导引起的腹侧被盖区中脑 (VTA) 多巴胺神经元的放电速率的增加。

Elezanumab(ABT-555) 是一种有效的人抗 RGMa 单克隆抗体。Elezanumab 通过 SMAD1 5 8 通路发挥对 RGMa 介导的 BMP 信号传导的抑制作用，IC50 约为 97 pM。在神经元损伤和脱髓鞘模型中，Elezanumab 促进神经再生、神经保护和神经恢复。Elezanumab 促进皮质脊髓轴突生长为脊髓灰质，并增强腹角的血清素能神经支配，形成颈部病变尾部的突触连接。

SB 242084 monohydrochloride 是一种高选择性、竞争性及高亲和力(pKi=9.0)的5-HT2C受体拮抗剂,能够透过血脑屏障.该化合物不仅能提升中脑腹侧被盖区 (VTA) 的多巴胺能神经元基础活性,也能增加伏隔核的多巴胺释放.此外,SB 242084 monohydrochloride 通过5-HT2A受体提高线粒体基因的表达及氧化代谢.该化合物在研究焦虑、抑郁、精神分裂症的阴性症状以及急性器官损伤领域显示出显著潜力.

Crustacean Cardioactive Peptide Acetate (CCAP acetate) 是 是节肢动物中最保守和普遍存在的神经肽，在昆虫中由腹侧神经索中的保守神经元网络产生。Crustacean Cardioactive Peptide Acetate 是一种环酰胺化九肽激素，常见于昆虫，甲壳类动物和其他节肢动物中。

Selective vasopressin V1A receptor antagonist. Inhibits vasopressin and oxytocin-induced increases in intracellular calcium concentrations in vitro (IC50 values are 5 and 30 nM respectively). Exhibits potent and prolonged antivasopressor activity and indu