spectrometry

Enflurane (Efrane) 是一种挥发性麻醉剂，是 Chara australis 高电导 Ca2+ 激活的 K+ 通道的有效抑制剂。 安氟醚是通过顶空气相色谱-质谱法监测卤化挥发性麻醉剂的内标。 它可以快速调整麻醉深度，而脉搏或呼吸频率几乎没有变化。

α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (α-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid(α-CHCA)) 是非竞争性单羧酸盐转运蛋白 (MCTs) 抑制剂，可抑制线粒体丙酮酸转运蛋白，Ki 值为 6.3 μM。它可作为基质辅助激光解吸电离-飞行时间质谱 (MALDI-TOF) 分析的基质，可以促进肽离子化。

6-Hydroxynicotinic acid (6-Hydroxypyridine-3-carboxylic acid) 用于核磁共振波谱或气相色谱-质谱法诊断尿路感染中的铜绿假单胞菌。在引起尿液感染的常见细菌中，只有铜绿假单胞菌从烟酸中产生6-羟基烟酸。

Hydroxy Dimetridazole 是Dimetridazol 的羟基化代谢产物。Dimetridazol 是一种硝基咪唑类药物，可用于对抗原生动物感染。

Oleoyl proline is an N-acyl amine that can be detected in bovine brain extracts and D. melanogaster larvae using mass spectrometry. In a preclinical model of pain, mice lacking fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH KO) had decreased N-oleoyl proline levels in

Lasiocarpine N-oxide is a natural compound found to be higher in many tea bags, herbal drugs and honey by mass spectrometry.

Dichloroiodomethane is a natural compound in human beings[1]. [1]. Lalith K. Silva, et al. Quantification of Dichloroiodomethane and Bromochloroiodomethane in Human Blood by Solid-Phase Microextraction Coupled with Gas Chromatography-High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry. Journal of Analytical Toxicology, Volume 30, Issue 9, November-December 2006, Pages 670-678.

Tolmetin β-D-Glucuronide 与人血清白蛋白具有反应特性，可通过串联质谱法鉴定结合位点和反应机制。

3,4-Dehydro Cilostazol (OPC-13015) is an active metabolite of Cilostazol. 3,4-Dehydro Cilostazol is used for pharmacokinetic study[1]. [1]. T R S Satheeshmanikandan, et al. Liquid Chromatography - Tandem Mass Spectrometry for the Simultaneous Quantitation of Glipizide, Cilostazol and Its Active Metabolite 3, 4-dehydro-cilostazol in Rat Plasma: Application for a Pharmacokinetic Study. Arzneimittelforschung. 2012 Sep;62(9):425-32.

MitoA is a ratiometric mass spectrometry probe that can be used for assessing changes in H2S within mitochondria in vivo. MitoA contains a triphenylphosphonium cation component that drives its accumulation in mitochondria where its aryl azide moiety selectively reacts with H2S to produce an amine product, MitoN. Quantifying the MitoN MitoA ratio by LC-MS MS reflects the mitochondrial matrix H2S concentration. In a mouse model of acute myocardial infarction with MitoA administered prior to ischemia, the MitoN MitoA ratio is increased only in the region of ischemia.

18:0 LYSO-PE是一种诱导[Ca2+]i增加的化合物，18:0 LYSO-PE可用作电喷雾质谱（ESI-MS） MS进行脂质分析的磷脂（PL）标准。

O-desmethyl Brinzolamide is an active metabolite of the carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor brinzolamide .1,2It inhibits CAII and CAIV (IC50s = 0.136 and 165 nM, respectively).1 1.Huang, Q., Rui, E.Y., Cobbs, M., et al.Design, synthesis, and evaluation of NO-donor containing carbonic anhydrase inhibitors to lower intraocular pressureJ. Med. Chem.58(6)2821-2833(2015) 2.Lo Faro, A.F., Tini, A., Gottardi, M., et al.Development and validation of a fast ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for determining carbonic anhydrase inhibitors and their metabolites in urine and hairDrug Test Anal.13(8)1552-1560(2021)

Glutarylcarnitine lithium 丙二酸尿症和 I 型戊二酸尿症的重要诊断代谢物。

1-1(Z)-Octadecenyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-sn-glycero-3-PE (18:0p 22:6-PE) 为一种通过质谱成像技术在大鼠脑组织中确认的独特结构脂质，此方法可准确识别其不同脂肪酸链的异构体及其分布。

5,6-dimethyl-2-Thiouracil is a heterocyclic building block that has been used in the synthesis of anti-HIV-1 pyrimidinones.1 It has also been used as an internal standard for the quantification of thyreostats, including 2-thiouracil, in bovine plasma.2 |1. Navrotskii, M.B. Synthesis and anti-HIV-1 activity of new 2-[(2-phthalimidoethyl)thio]-4(3H)-pyrimidinone derivatives. Pharm. Chem. J. 39(9), 466-467 (2005).|2. Schmidt, K.S. In-house validation and factorial effect analysis of a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of thyreostats in bovine blood plasma. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 406(3), 735-743 (2014).

Pregnanetriol is a metabolite of 17α-hydroxyprogesterone .1,2It is formed from 17α-hydroxyprogesterone by reduction of the C-20 ketone.2Urinary levels of pregnanetriol are elevated in patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency and congenital adrenal hyperplasia.3,4 1.Kamrath, C., Hartmann, M.F., Boettcher, C., et al.Diagnosis of 21-hydroxylase deficiency by urinary metabolite ratios using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis: Reference values for neonates and infantsJ. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol.15610-16(2016) 2.Schiffer, L., Barnard, L., Baranowski, E.S., et al.Human steroid biosynthesis, metabolism and excretion are differentially reflected by serum and urine steroid metabolomes: A comprehensive reviewJ. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol.194105439(2019) 3.Disorders of steroidogenesis guide to steroid profiling and biochemical diagnosis1(2019) 4.Shackleton, C.H.L.Role of a disordered steroid metabolome in the elucidation of sterol and steroid biosynthesisLipids47(1)1-12(2012)

4-APC hydrobromide is a potent and specific aldehyde derivatization agent. It contains an aniline moiety that enables rapid and selective reaction with aliphatic aldehydes, as well as a quaternary ammonium group that enhances sensitivity in mass spectrometry (MS) analysis. By utilizing 4-APC hydrobromide, aldehydes can be detected with exceptional sensitivity and selectivity using MS.

N-Acyl taurines, such as N-lignoceroyl taurine, alongside various arachidonoyl amino acid conjugates like N-arachidonoyl dopamine and N-arachidonoyl-L-serine, have been identified in bovine brain and through mass spectrometry lipidomic studies in the brain and spinal cord of both wild-type and FAAH knockout mice. Notably, N-lignoceroyl taurine levels were found to be 23-26 times higher in FAAH knockout mice than in wild types, suggesting its degradation by FAAH, despite in vitro evidence showing FAAH hydrolyzes N-lignoceroyl taurine significantly slower than oleoyl ethanolamide. Additionally, N-acyl taurines with polyunsaturated acyl chains are known to activate TRPV1 and TRPV4 channels within the transient receptor potential (TRP) family of calcium channels.

N,N'-Carbonyldiimidazole 是一种生物交联剂，在质谱检测化合物纯度上有很大的应用。

SNOB 1 Reagent is a biotinylated probe for detecting S-nitrosylated proteins in a single step. S-Nitrosylated binding (SNOB) proceeds rapidly on surface proteins or cell lysates under normal physiological conditions. Proteins tagged with SNOB 1 Reagent can be analyzed using avidin-linked probes (e.g., by immunoblot) or by mass spectrometry.

(±)-11(12)-DiHET is an oxylipin. 11(S),12(S)-DiHET and 11(R),12(R)-DiHET are vicinal diols formedviaenzymatic hydration of 11(12)-EET by cytosolic or soluble epoxide hydrolases in a non-stereoselective manner.1,2,3(±)11(12)-DiHET MaxSpec standard is a quantitative grade standard of (±)11(12)-DiHET that has been prepared specifically for mass spectrometry and related applications where quantitative reproducibility is required. The solution has been prepared gravimetrically and is supplied in a deactivated glass ampule sealed under argon. The concentration was verified by comparison to an independently prepared calibration standard. This (±)11(12)-DiHET MaxSpec standard is guaranteed to meet identity, purity, stability, and concentration specifications and is provided with a batch-specific certificate of analysis. Ongoing stability testing is performed to ensure the concentration remains accurate throughout the shelf life of the product.Note: The amount of solution added to the vial is in excess of the listed amount. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately measure volumes for preparation of calibration standards. Follow recommended storage and handling conditions to maintain product quality.

Glutarylcarnitine (O-glutaroyl-L-carnitine) 是大多数串联质谱新生儿筛查计划中监测的丙二酸尿症和谷草酸尿症 I 型的诊断代谢物。

Cholesteryl behenate is a standard in electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry for the analysis of cholesteryl esters and cholesterol.

Quorum sensing is a regulatory process used by bacteria for controlling gene expression in response to increasing cell density.[1] This regulatory process manifests itself with a variety of phenotypes including biofilm formation and virulence factor production.[2] Coordinated gene expression is achieved by the production, release, and detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. The N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise one such class of autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled with homoserine lactone (HSL). AHLs vary in acyl group length (C4-C18), in the substitution of C3 (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group) and in the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signal specificity through the affinity of transcriptional regulators of the LuxR family.[3] C16:1-Δ9-(L)-HSL is a long-chain AHL that functions as a quorum sensing signaling molecule in strains of S. meliloti.[4],[5],[6],[7] Regulating bacterial quorum sensing signaling can be used to inhibit pathogenesis and thus, represents a new approach to antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of infectious diseases.[8] Reference：[1]. González, J.E., and Keshavan, N.D. Messing with bacterial quorum sensing. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 70(4), 859-875 (2006).[2]. Gould, T.A., Herman, J., Krank, J., et al. Specificity of acyl-homoserine lactone syntheses examined by mass spectrometry. J. Bacteriol. 188(2), 773-783 (2006).[3]. Penalver, C.G.N., Morin, D., Cantet, F., et al. Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 produces a novel type of acyl-homoserine lactone with a double unsaturated side chain under methylotrophic growth conditions. FEBS Lett. 580(2), 561-567 (2006).[4]. Teplitski, M., Eberhard, A., Gronquist, M.R., et al. Chemical identification of N-acyl homoserine lactone quorum-sensing signals produced by Sinorhizobium meliloti strains in defined medium. Archives of Microbiology 180, 494-497 (2003).[5]. Gao, M., Chen, H., Eberhard, A., et al. sinI- and expR-dependent quorum sensing in Sinorhizobium meliloti. Journal of Bacteriology 187(23), 7931-7944 (2005).[6]. Marketon, M.M., Glenn, S.A., Eberhard, A., et al. Quorum sensing controls exopolysaccharide production in Sinorhizobium meliloti. Journal of Bacteriology 185(1), 325-331 (2003).[7]. Marketon, M., Gronquist, M.R., Eberhard, A., et al. Characterization of the Sinorhizobium meliloti sinR sinI locus and the production of novel N-Acyl homoserine lactones. Journal of Bacteriology 184(20), 5686-5695 (2002).[8]. Cegelski, L., Marshall, G.R., Eldridge, G.R., et al. The biology and future prospects of antivirulence therapies. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 6(1), 17-27 (2008).