phytotoxic

Homodihydrocapsaicin I 是一种辣椒素，分离自辣椒果实中。

Methyl 2,4-dihydroxyphenylacetate 是从 Nigella damascena 种子中分离得到的天然产物，具有选择性的植物毒性作用。

Tulipalin A (α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone) 是来源于郁金香鳞茎的有毒糖苷。Tulipalin A 是引起过敏性接触皮炎的致敏性致敏物 (causative allergen)，在低剂量影响免疫细胞的功能，例如 Jurkat T 细胞。

Alternariol 是从 Etoac 提取的天然产物，在小鼠肝癌细胞与人血清体系中表现出抗炎活性，并影响 TLR 信号通路及促凋亡蛋白表达。同时研究显示 Alternariol 对甲基转移酶不具抑制作用，为其代谢失活特征提供参考。

Radicinin is used as a phytotoxic and antibiotic metabolite produced by some phytopathogenic fungi.

β-Cembrenediol (β-CBT) is a natural product from tobacco plants that is found in cigarette smoke condensate. β-CBT inhibits induction of the early antigen of Epstein-Barr virus (EA-EBV) by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) in vitro (IC50 = 21.9 μM). It inhibits tumor promoting effects of TPA on 7,12-demethylbenz[a]anthracene-induced papilloma formation in vivo. β-CBT is also released into soil by flue-cured tobacco plants and exerts autotoxicity as well as phytotoxic activity against L. sativa seedlings.

Carviolin 是在紫红青霉、纯真新保加利亚霉和青霉中发现的一种天然产物，具有中等细胞毒性。Carviolin 具有抗真菌、抗菌或植物毒性活性。

Anhydroepiophiobolin A is a sesterterpenoid fungal metabolite that has been found in B. oryzae. It is cytotoxic to HepG2 and K562 cells (IC50s = 47.1 and 35.6 μM, respectively) as well as A549, SKOV3, SK-MEL-2, XF498, and HCT15 cells (IC50s = 1.6-1.9 μg/ml). Anhydroepiophiobolin A is phytotoxic to S. viridis and D. erucoides in a leaf puncture assay.

Alternariol (Standard) is the standard substance of Alternariol, and it is applicable for quantitative analysis, quality control, and related research in biochemical experiments. Alternariol (AOH), a mycotoxin synthesized by Alternaria species, displays numerous therapeutic and biological effects, including phytotoxic, cytotoxic, anti-HIV, anti-cancer, and anti-microbial properties. It functions by inhibiting the catalytic activity of topoisomerase I and II enzymes.

Neobulgarone E 是从子囊菌纲真菌 Neobulgaria pura HA A07-97 中提取的蒽醌衍生物。它能够抑制稻瘟病菌附着胞的形成，同时表现出一定的细胞毒性，但不具有抗真菌、抗菌和植物毒性。

Neobulgarone D 是一种由子囊菌纲真菌 Neobulgaria pura HA A07-97 生成的蒽醌衍生物。Neobulgarone D 能抑制稻瘟病菌附着胞形成，并显示出轻微的细胞毒性，但不具抗真菌、抗菌和植物毒性。

Neobulgarone F 是一种蒽醌衍生物，来自子囊菌纲真菌 Neobulgaria pura HA A07-97。Neobulgarone F 能抑制稻瘟病菌附着胞的形成，显示出一定程度的细胞毒性，但不具抗真菌、抗菌和植物毒性。

Neobulgarone C 是一种来源于子囊菌纲真菌 Neobulgaria pura HA A07-97 的蒽醌衍生物。Neobulgarone C 能够抑制稻瘟病菌附着胞的生成，并具有轻微的细胞毒性，但不具备抗真菌、抗菌或植物毒性。

Neobulgarone A 是一种源自子囊菌纲真菌 Neobulgaria pura HA A07-97 的蒽醌衍生物。它能够抑制稻瘟病菌附着胞的形成，表现出一定的细胞毒性，但并无抗真菌、抗菌或植物毒性。

Neobulgarone B 是一种蒽醌衍生物，来源于子囊菌纲真菌 Neobulgaria pura HA A07-97。Neobulgarone B 能够抑制稻瘟病菌附着胞的形成，其细胞毒性较弱，但不具抗真菌、抗菌和植物毒性。

Dihydroprehelminthosporol is a strongly phytotoxic metabolite, it exhibits cytotoxicity towards two human cancer cell lines, A549 and SK-OA-3.

Encecalin and demethylencecalin are major phytotoxic compounds isolated from Helianthella quinquenervis (Hook) A Gray (Asteraceae), they inhibit photosystem II (from water to 2,5-dibromo-3-methyl-6-isopropyl-1,4 p-benzo-quinone).They retard seed germinati

Epiyangambin is a phytotoxic lignan, it shows inhibition of seed germination of Agrostis stolonifera cv. penncross (Poaceae) and inhibition of development of Lactuca sativa L. (Asteraceae) seedlings in a microassay using 24-well plates. Epiyangambin exhibits significant inhibition of the transformation of murine epidermal JB6 cells, with the IC50 value of 0.15 microg/mL. (+)-Epiyangambin also has anti-platelet aggregation activity.

Isoaltenuene shows antibiotic activity against Gram-positive bacteria; it also shows a minor phytotoxic activity on tomato leaves at level of 20 ug/spot . Isoaltenuene exhibits cytotoxic activity against lung cancer cell line A549, breast cancer cell line

Methyl orsellinate is a phytotoxic compound, it exhibits antifungal activity, it can cause significant inhibition of radicle growth of Amaranthus hypochondriacus and Echinochloa crus-galli, interact with bovine-brain calmodulin and inhibit the activation of the calmodulin-dependent enzyme cAMP phosphodiesterase. Methyl orsellinate can inhibit PTP1B activity with 50% inhibitory concentration values of 277 +/- 8.6 microM, the selective inhibition of PTP1B has been widely recognized as a potential drug target for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity, methyl orsellinate may can treat the type 2 diabetes and obesity.

Xanthinin is a plant growth-regulating compound from Xanthium pennsylvanicum, it is also a phytotoxic xanthanolide, can inhibit the growth of plants.

Bostrycin, an anthraquinone derived from B. alpestre, exhibits a broad spectrum of biological activities including antibacterial, antiproliferative, and phytotoxic effects. This compound demonstrates efficacy against Gram-positive bacteria like methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), M. tuberculosis, and C. botulinum. Additionally, Bostrycin shows antiproliferative action against A549 lung adenocarcinoma cells, particularly by arresting the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase and triggering apoptosis within a concentration range of 10 to 30 µM. As a phytotoxin, it causes necrosis in water hyacinth leaves at approximately 7 µg/ml. Furthermore, Bostrycin serves as a protein immobilization cross-linking agent, managing to preserve its bacteriostatic properties when affixed to nonwoven polypropylene fabric.

Pyrenophorin ((-)-Pyrenophorin) 是一种真菌代谢产物，存在于D. avenae中，并且具有植物毒性。它对多种癌细胞系展现出显著的细胞毒性，IC50值介于0.07至7.8μM之间。

Altiloxin A 是由真菌产生的代谢物，属于补体烷型倍半萜，对莴苣幼苗具有植物毒性。