physostigmine

Physostigmine is a potent and reversible inhibitor of cholinesterase. It is also reported to form a slowly degrading carbamylated enzyme complex with acetylcholinesterase (AChE).

Physostigmine salicylate 是一种可逆的乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂，也一种是抗胆碱能中毒的解毒剂。它可透过血脑屏障并刺激中枢胆碱能神经传递。它能逆转阿尔茨海默病转基因小鼠的记忆缺陷。

cholinesterase inhibitor

Neostigmine Bromide 是一种胆碱酯酶抑制剂，不会穿过血脑屏障，可作用于重症肌无力。

Neostigmine is a cholinesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the effects of muscle relaxants such as gallamine and tubocurarine. Neostigmine, unlike PHYSOSTIGMINE, does not cross the blood-brain barrier.

Phenserine is a derivative of Physostigmine and is annoncompetitive, long-acting and selective inhibitor of AChE.

Biperiden Hydrochloride（KL 373 Hydrochloride）是一种抗胆碱能抗帕金森药物，可选择性阻断中枢 M1 胆碱能受体，同时对外周副交感神经结构产生类似阿托品的作用。Biperiden Hydrochloride 已获批准用于脑炎后、特发性及动脉硬化性帕金森病的辅助治疗，在比较性认知研究中相较其他抗胆碱能药物对新奇偏好影响较小，但仍与嗜睡、眩晕、头痛和头晕等不良反应相关。

Neostigmine hydroxide is a cholinesterase inhibitor used in the treatment of myasthenia gravis and to reverse the effects of muscle relaxants such as gallamine and tubocurarine. Neostigmine, unlike physostigmine, does not cross the blood-brain barrier.

Cymserine is a drug related to physostigmine, which acts as a reversible cholinesterase inhibitor, with moderate selectivity for the plasma cholinesterase enzyme butyrylcholinesterase, and relatively weaker inhibition of the better-known acetylcholinesterase enzyme.

(-)-Eseroline fumarate 是一种 AChE 抑制剂 Physostigmine 的代谢产物。(-)-Eseroline fumarate 引起癌细胞的乳酸脱氢酶 (LDH) 泄漏。(-)-Eseroline fumarate 还诱导神经元细胞释放腺嘌呤核苷酸和5-羟色胺 (5-HT)，从而诱导细胞死亡。(-)-Eseroline fumarate 抑制小鼠输精管和豚鼠回肠的电诱发抽搐。

Phenserine tartrate ((-)-Eseroline phenylcarbamate) 作为Physostigmine的衍生物,此化合物是一种高效、非竞争性、长效及选择性的AChE抑制剂.它能显著减少β-淀粉样蛋白前体蛋白(APP)与β-淀粉样肽(Aβ)的生成,从而改善认知功能并减缓阿尔茨海默氏病的发展速度.