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N-Ethylmaleimide (NEM) 是烷基化自由巯基的试剂，是一种半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，用于实验生化研究。N-Ethylmaleimide 也是一种去泛素化酶抑制剂，特异性抑制线粒体中的磷酸盐转运。

Deferoxamine（Desferrioxamine B） 是一种铁螯合剂 (结合 Fe(III) 和许多其他金属阳离子)，可抑制神经元病变，可用于改减少铁在组织中的积累和沉积，可通过抑制创伤性脑损伤后的铁死亡和神经炎症来改善神经功能障碍。Desferrioxamin-B 具有抗氧化、抗增殖、抗肿瘤活性，可诱导 HIF-1α 产生，诱导癌细胞凋亡和自噬。Desferrioxamin-B 可用于治疗急性铁中毒和与 COVID-19 相关疾病。

Ac4ManNAz 是含叠氮基的代谢糖蛋白标记试剂，可以选择性修饰蛋白质并且可用于细胞标记、跟踪和蛋白质组学分析。

SMA-12b 是一种免疫调节寄生虫产品 ES-62的类似物，具有免疫调节活性，可修饰许多炎症反应基因的表达，增加许多与抗氧化反应相关的基因的表达，可用于类风湿关节炎 (RA) 和其他自身免疫性疾病的研究。

Betamethasone dipropionate (SCH 11460) 是糖皮质激素类固醇，具有免疫抑制、抗炎作用。

m-PEG8-NHS ester 是一种含 8 个单元 PEG 的 ADC linker，可用于合成抗体偶联活性分子 (ADC)，可用于修饰蛋白质和多肽。

(-)-Epicatechin gallate ((-)-Epicatechin 3-O-gallate) 抑制环加氧酶-1 的IC50值为 7.5 μM。

Cyfluthrin 属于 II 型拟除虫菊酯，对多种昆虫都有杀灭效果。Cyfluthrin 是Nav1.8钠通道调节剂。它可应用于农业、兽医、杀虫剂、拟除虫菊酯和贮存产品等领域。

2,2-Dihydroxyacetic acid (Formylformic acid) 是乙醛酸循环的中间体，使某些生物体能够将脂肪酸转化为碳水化合物。2,2-Dihydroxyacetic acid 被发现与原发性高草酸尿有关，这是一种先天性代谢错误。作为一种醛，乙醛酸酯也具有高活性，可以修饰蛋白质形成晚期糖基化产物(AGEs)。

10-(Phosphonooxy)decyl methacrylate (10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate) 是一种胶粘剂，可对牙本质表面进行改性，可提高牙本质粘接的稳定性。

DL-2-AMINOOCTANOIC ACID 也称为α-氨基辛酸或α-氨基辛酸，可作为改性剂修饰钠蒙脱石(Na-MMT)粘土。

Medrysone (6α-Methyl-11β-hydroxyprogesterone) 是局部合成的糖皮质激素，具有代谢、抗炎和抗过敏特性，有潜力用于眼科的眼炎症研究。

N6-Methyladenosine 是甲基化的腺嘌呤残基，苷是转移核糖核酸降解的内源性尿核苷产物。它是存在于所有高等真核生物中最普遍的的信使 RNA 内部修饰，可修饰病毒 RNA，有抗病毒活性。

Ac-rC Phosphoramidite 可以修饰二硫化磷酸寡核苷酸。

DMT-2′Fluoro-dU Phosphoramidite (2'-F-dU Phosphoramidite) 可用于核苷修饰。

Mal-amido-PEG1-C2-NHS ester is a noncleavable antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) linker that incorporates a maleimide functional group and an N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester. The NHS ester offers a means to specifically modify primary amines (-NH2) present in proteins, amine-modified oligonucleotides, and other amine-containing molecules[1][2].

CGP-28014 is an inhibitor of catechol-O-methyltransferase. CGP-28014 increases the renal excretion of both dopamine and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) but does not affect renal sodium handling indicating a different mechanism of action. CGP-28014 sign

(+)-Biotin 4-amidobenzoic acid is a substrate of biotinidase, which cleaves biotin amide to give biotin in vivo. Biotin is an essential coenzyme for certain carboxylases and is used to modify histones and regulate gene transcription. Biotinidase has key roles in intestinal absorption of biotin, the transport of biotin in plasma, and in the regulation of histone biotinylation. (+)-Biotin 4-amidobenzoic acid is hydrolyzed by biotinidase to release 4-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), which can be quantified by either fluorescent or colorimetric methods. This approach is used in biotinidase activity assays in newborn screening protocols to evaluate biotinidase deficiency.

Myristoyl coenzyme A (myristoyl-CoA) is a derivative of CoA that contains the long-chain fatty acid myristic acid . It is a substrate for N-myristoyltransferase during myristoylation, a process that adds a myristoyl group to proteins either during translation to modify protein activity or post-translationally in apoptotic cells. It is also a substrate in the de novo synthesis of phosphatidylinositol .

CAY10410 is an analog of prostaglandin D2/prostaglandin J2 (PGD2/PGJ2) with structural modifications intended to give it PPARγ ligand activity and resistance to metabolism. 15-deoxy-δ12,14-PGJ2 has been shown to be a potent ligand for PPARγ. Metabolism of the cyclopentenone prostaglandins PGA2, PGJ2, and δ12-PGJ2 occurs via glutathione addition across the α,β unsaturated enone. CAY10410 was designed as an analog of the PPARγ-binding prostaglandins which could not undergo this conjugation reaction. In human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, CAY10410 was not cytotoxic at up to 25 μM. It also failed to covalently modify thioredoxin or induce oxidative stress at 50 μM.

DL-Glyceraldehyde (Glyceric aldehyde) 是由酶甘油醛脱氢酶的作用产生的，该酶使用 NADP 作为辅因子将甘油转化为甘油醛。它是一种高活性化合物，可以修饰和交联蛋白质。

CDAP是一种氰基化试剂，常用于修饰蛋白质巯基，还能够在疫苗制备中制备蛋白质-多糖缀合物和激活多糖。

5-TAMRA cadaverine can used to modify carboxylic acid group in the presence of activators (e.g. EDC, or DCC) or activated esters (e.g. NHS esters) through a stable amide bond.

Cyclopropenone probe 1 可以通过在催化活性位点共价结合，特异且有效地修饰三阴性乳腺癌驱动因子 GSTP1。