Capsaicin is the primary active component of the heat and pain-eliciting lipid soluble fraction of the Capsicum pepper. Capsaicin signals are transduced by a heat-activated ion channel, the vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1), or transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1). CAY10448 is an iodinated nonivamide, a potent capsaicin receptor antagonist with an IC50 value of approximately 10 nM.
Bromoiodoacetamide, an iodinated haloacetamide (I-HAcAm) compound, exhibits cytotoxic properties. Its mechanism of action involves the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induction of apoptosis in HepG-2 cells.
Idoxuridine hydrate (5-Iodo-2′-deoxyuridine, 5-IUdR, IdUrd) is a competitive inhibitor of phosphorylases. As an iodinated thymidine analogue, it effectively inhibits DNA polymerase and hinders viral replication, making it useful in the treatment of viral eye infections such as herpes simplex keratitis. Against feline herpesvirus, Idoxuridine has been found to have an IC50 value of 4.3 μM [1].