hydroxylation

Liarozole (R75251 dihydrochloride) 是一种咪唑衍生物，是一种具有口服活性的维甲酸 (RA) 代谢阻断剂(RAMBA)，具有抗肿瘤作用。它能够抑制维甲酸依赖的细胞色素P450(CYP26) 4- 羟基化 (IC50=7 μM)，导致组织维甲酸水平增加。

Worenine (Worenin) 是一种从黄连中提取的物质。它在大鼠体内第一阶段代谢中显示出脱氢，氢化，羟基化和脱亚甲基反应。在大鼠体内 II 期代谢中显示为硫酸化和葡萄糖醛酸化反应。

2,4-DPD 是氧感应酶 HIF-α 脯氨酰羟化酶 (HIF-PH) 的竞争性抑制剂。

1,4-DPCA 是一种脯氨酰羟化酶抑制剂，对人源包皮成纤维细胞中胶原羟基化的 IC50 为 2.4 μM，对因子抑制 HIF (FIH) 的 IC50 为 60 μM。

Ifosfamide (NSC-109724) 是一种烷化剂，具有抗肿瘤活性。它烷基化并形成 DNA 交联，从而防止 DNA 链分离和 DNA 复制。它是一种前药，必须通过肝微粒体酶的羟基化来激活。

iron chloride hexahydrate 促进了苯基酮衍生物的选择性羟基化和氯化反应，用于构建杂四元骨架。

Epmedin C (Baohuoside-VI) 是天然化合物，在切除卵巢的小鼠体内与雌性激素作用相似。

VH-298 是一种高效的 VHL:HIF-α 相互作用抑制剂(Kd:80-90 nM)。它可用于PROTAC 技术中。

Calcifediol-D6 is the deuterated form of Calcifediol, which is a prehormone that is produced in the liver by hydroxylation of vitamin D3 by the enzyme cholecalciferol 25-hydroxylase.

FG 7142 (LSU-65) 是一种非选择性苯二氮卓类反向激动剂，对含 α1 亚基的 GABAA 受体具有高亲和力，Ki 为 91 nM。它还调节 GABA 诱导的 GABAA 受体上的氯离子通量，表达 α1 亚基，EC50为 137 nM。它可增加酪氨酸羟基化并导致小鼠大脑皮层中 β-肾上腺素受体的上调。

L-hydroxylysine dihydrochloride , is formed by posttranslational hydroxylation of some lysine residues. It is an amino acid, is exclusive to collagen protein.

(24S)-24,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 undergoes multiple hydroxylation processes to form active vitamin D3 analogs.

Diethyl bipy55'DC inhibits CP4H activity in cultured cells. The stability of collagen relies on post-translational modifications, the most prevalent being the hydroxylation of collagen strands by collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylases.

YZN62564，即meso-Tetra(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl) porphine，是一种具有超分子特性的合成卟啉产物。以Fe和Mn为中心的YZN62654可作为多种环氧化和羟基化反应的催化剂。

Tenuifoliside C 是从野生的 polygala tenuifolia 中分离得到的。它对 CYP2E1 催化氯唑酮 6-羟基化反应具有抑制作用。

Licodione is a Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenase Catalyzing 2-Hydroxylation of 5-Deoxyflavanone.

Metyrapol is a competitive inhibitor of 11-deoxycorticosterone hydroxylation by 11β-hydroxylase.

MeIQx (MeIQx) is a food-derived carcinogen that has been found in high temperature-cooked fish and meats.1It is activated by hydroxylation and subsequent O-acetylationviathe cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoform CYP1A2 and N-acetyltransferase 2, respectively, in UV5 cells expressing the human enzymes to a metabolite that reacts with DNA to form adducts.2MeIQx (200 and 400 ppm in the diet) induces tumor formation in rats.3

5-hydroxy Propranolol is a metabolite of propranolol , a β-adrenergic receptor antagonist. Propranolol is primarily metabolized in the liver, with cytochrome P450 isoform 2D6 directing ring hydroxylation and the generation of 5-hydroxy propranolol and related metabolites.

L-Tyrosine-13C9,15N is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of L-tyrosine by GC- or LC-MS. L-Tyrosine is a non-essential amino acid.1It is produced by hydroxylation of phenylalanine by phenylalanine hydroxylase but can also be obtained from dietary sources or degradation of endogenous proteins, resulting in L-tyrosine release.1,2L-Tyrosine is a precursor in the biosynthesis of catecholamine neurotransmitters, melanins, and thyroid hormones.3Plasma, skeletal muscle, and erythrocyte levels of L-tyrosine are decreased in patients with chronic kidney disease.1 1.Kopple, J.D.Phenylalanine and tyrosine metabolism in chronic kidney failureJ. Nutr.137(6 Suppl 1)1586S-1590S(2007) 2.Webster, D., and Wildgoose, J.Tyrosine supplementation for phenylketonuriaCochrane DB Syst. Rev.2013(6)CD001507(2013) 3.Slominski, A., and Paus, R.Towards defining receptors for L-tyrosine and L-DOPAMol. Cell Endocrinol.99(2)C7-C11(1994)

(R)-Omeprazole is the inactive isomer of omeprazole , a gastric proton-pump inhibitor. A stereoselective hydroxylation of (R)-omeprazole is mediated primarily by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2C19, whereas CYP3A4 favors sulfoxidation of the active (S)-enantiomer . (R)-Omeprazole has been shown to act as a reversible direct-acting and metabolism-dependent inhibitor of CYP2C19 in pooled human liver microsomes (IC50 = 8.1 μM).

21-Deoxycortisol is a corticosteroid metabolite of 17-hydroxyprogesterone produced in the adrenal glandvia11-hydroxylation by 11β-hydroxylase.1,2Serum levels of 21-deoxycortisol are elevated in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia that are heterozygous for mutations inCYP2A21, the gene encoding steroid 21-hydroxylase, and have been used as a biomarker for the detection of 21-hydroxylase deficiencies.

Polygalaxanthone III 提取自远志polygala tenuifolia wild，可抑制CYP450酶。它能够抑制由 CYP2E1 催化的氯唑沙宗 6-羟基化(IC50:50.56μM)。

6β-hydroxy Dexamethasone is a metabolite of dexamethasone that is more hydrophilic than the parent compound. Dexamethasone is metabolized by CYP3A4; therefore, quantification of the dexamethasone metabolites, 6α- and 6β-hydroxy dexamethasone, can be used to determine CYP3A4 enzyme activity in humans., The formation of 6-hydroxy dexamethasone metabolites is species-specific, with hamsters producing the highest amount. In rats, dexamethasone hydroxylation is sex-specific, with male rats producing metabolites in similar ratios to humans and female rats producing fewer hydroxylated metabolites than male rats.