The methylation of lysine residues on histones plays a central role in determining euchromatin structure and gene expression. The histone methyltransferase (HMTase) G9a can mono- or dimethylate lysine 9 on histone 3 (H3), contributing to early embryogenesis, genomic imprinting, and lymphocyte development. BIX01294 (hydrochloridehydrate) is a selective inhibitor of G9a HMTase (IC50 = 1.7 μM). It less effectively inhibits the HMTase G9a-like protein (GLP; IC50 = 38 μM) and has no effect on other known HMTases. BIX01294 has been used in combination with the calcium channel activator BayK8644 to facilitate the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells from somatic cells in vitro.
A-943931 is a histamine H4receptor antagonist (Ki= 3.8 nM).1In vivo, A-943931 inhibits scratching induced by clobenpropit in mice (ED50= 26 μmoles/kg, i.p.). 1.Milicic, I., Witte, D.G., Miller, T.L., et al.Identification of two potent and selective histamine H4 receptor antagonists with antipruritic activityFASEB J.23(S1)760.768-760.768(2009)
NG 25 is a type II kinase inhibitor that inhibits MAP4K2 and TAK1 (IC50s = 21.7 and 149 nM, respectively).1It also inhibits the Src family kinases Src and LYN (IC50s = 113 and 12.9 nM, respectively) and Abl family kinases (IC50s = 75.2 nM), as well as CSK, FER, and p38α (IC50s = 56.4, 82.3, and 102 nM, respectively). NG 25 (100 nM) prevents TNF-α-induced IKKα/β phosphorylation and IκB-α degradation in L929 cells. It inhibits secretion of IFN-α and IFN-β induced by CpG type B and CL097, respectively, in Gen2.2 cells in a concentration-dependent manner.2NG 25 decreases cell viability of HCT116KRASWT, and to a greater degree of HCT116KRASG13D, colorectal cancer cells in a concentration-dependent manner.3It also reduces tumor growth and increases the number of TUNEL-positive tumor cells in a CT26KRASG12Dmouse orthotopic model of colorectal cancer. 1.Tan, L., Nomanbhoy, T., Gurbani, D., et al.Discovery of type II inhibitors of TGFβ-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase kinase 2 (MAP4K2)J. Med. Chem.58(1)183-196(2015) 2.Pauls, E., Shpiro, N., Peggie, M., et al.Essential role for IKKβ in production of type 1 interferons by plasmacytoid dendritic cellsJ. Biol. Chem. 287(23)19216-19228(2012) 3.Ma, Q., Gu, L., Liao, S., et al.NG25, a novel inhibitor of TAK1, suppresses KRAS-mutant colorectal cancer growth in vitro and in vivoApoptosis24(1-2)83-94(2019)
Zimeldine hydrochloridehydrate is a serotonin uptake inhibitor that was formerly used for depression but was withdrawn worldwide in September 1983 because of the risk of Guillain-Barre Syndrome associated with its use.
MCI-225 is a norepinephrine reuptake 5-HT3 5-HT reuptake inhibitor. MCI-225 could be effective in the treatment of senile dementia of the Alzheimer type, which is accompanied with both deficit in the BF-cortex cholinergic neuron and cerebral glucose hypom
Zoniporide hydrochloridehydrate is a potent and selective sodium-hydrogen exchanger type 1 (NHE-1) inhibitor. Zoniporide hydrochloridehydrate inhibits human NHE-1 with IC50 of 14 nM.
CDK7-IN-2 hydrochloridehydrate (Example 6) is a highly effective and specific inhibitor of the CDK7 enzyme. This compound exhibits significant anti-cancer properties.
Fasudil hydrochloridehydrate is an HCl salt of Fasudil -- a Rho-kinase (ROCK) inhibitor that has been shown to be effective in hindering the development of mature Cerebral Cavernous Malformation (CCM) lesions as well as reducing portal venous pressure in cirrhotic rats.